All-optical programmable shaping of narrow-band nanosecond pulses with picosecond accuracy by use of adapted chirps and quadratic nonlinearities

We experimentally demonstrate pure optical pulse picosecond shaping of narrow-bandwidth nanosecond pulses. The method used is based on the manipulation in the spectral domain of strongly chirped femtosecond pulses and on the use of either frequency addition or frequency difference.     

Stability of relaxed Lennard-Jones models made of 500 to 6000 atoms

We present a study of the stability of clusters models made of a numberN of atoms in the range 500 to 6000 atoms, freely interacting through the Lennard-Jones potential. The potential energy per atom, calculated for relaxed models, shows that stable models belong to an icosahedral sequence whenN<1600 and to a decahedral sequence beyond. A coexistence size range of both structures is discussed in connection with experimental results on argon clusters in free jet expansions.     

Elastic lattices: equilibrium, invariant laws and homogenization

In the recent years, lattice modelling proved to be a topic of renewed interest. Indeed, fields as distant as chemical modelling and biological tissue modelling use network models that appeal to similar equilibrium laws. In both cases, obtaining an equivalent continuous model allows to simplify numerical procedures. We define the basic properties of lattices: elasticity, frame-indifference, hyperelasticity. We determine rigorously the form that constitutive laws undertake under frame-indifference and hyperelasticity assumptions. Finally, we describe an homogenization technique designed for discrete structures that provides a limit continuum mechanics model and, in the special case of hexagonal lattices, we investigate the symmetry properties of the limit constitutive law.      

On the Relative Approximation Error of the Generalized Pareto Approximation for a High Quantile

Let F be a distribution function in the domain of attraction of an extreme value distribution . In case 0 and F has an infinite end-point, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the relative approximation error of a high quantile such that , where the order tends to 0. We use the approximation of the excesses over a high threshold u by a Generalized Pareto distribution. We give sufficient conditions under which tends to 0.AMS 2000 Subject Classification Primary—60G70, Secondary—62G20, 62G32     

Rotational effects in low energy dissociative recombination of diatomic ions

The effect of rotational interaction in the low energy dissociative recombination process of diatomic molecules has been explored for typical molecular ions () which sample a large range of molecular masses. We show that rotation plays a role mainly for the indirect recombination process through bound Rydberg states, and for light molecules. When the direct process based on a strong electronic interaction is fast and dominating, rotational couplings can be safely neglected especially for heavier molecules like NO. Received: 18 September 1997 / Revised in final form: 17 October 1997 / Accepted: 20 October 1997     

Applications of level set methods in computational biophysics

We describe in this paper two applications of Eulerian level set methods to fluid-structure problems arising in biophysics. The first one is concerned with three-dimensional equilibrium shapes of phospholipidic vesicles. This is a complex problem, which can be recast as the minimization of the curvature energy of an immersed elastic membrane, under a constant area constraint. The second deals with isolated cardiomyocyte contraction. This problem corresponds to a generic incompressible fluid-structure coupling between an elastic body and a fluid. By the choice of these two quite different situations, we aim to bring evidence that Eulerian methods provide efficient and flexible computational tools in biophysics applications.     

Zur Moleculargewichtsbestimmung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Homogenization of hexagonal lattices

We characterize the macroscopic effective behavior of a graphene sheet modeled by a hexagonal lattice of elastic bars, using Γ-convergence.