Solitons in stimulated Raman scattering and resonant two-photon propagation

We are starting from equations of motion describing both stimulated Raman scattering and resonant two-photon absorption and emission processes. Application of the Estabrook-Wahlquist method leads to a system of differential equations whose integrability conditions are the original equations. This system is used as the starting point for applying the inverse scattering method. Implicit N-soliton formulae and explicit one-soliton formulae are derived. Possible applications under specified experimental conditions are discussed.     

Zeemaneffektuntersuchungen im Samarium I-Spektrum

Zeeman effect investigations in Sm I were made in the 3350 to 6700 Å range at field strengths of approximately 25 kOe. 26J-values of those terms, for whichAlbertson gave twoJ-values, were determined, 4J-values ofAlbertson had to be changed. 28g_J-values were measured.     

Peptide synthesis by means of immobilized enzymes

-Chymotrypsin covalently bound to silica, enzacryl AA, and enzacryl AH catalyzes peptide bond formation between N-protected dipeptide methyl esters and H-Leu-NH₂ with results similar to those with the free enzyme. The influence of water-miscible and water-immiscible cosolvents, of the supports, and of the structure of the substrates is shown to be of importance for the ease of the chymotrypsin-medicated coupling reactions. The best yields were obtained using biphasic aqueous-organic solvent mixtures, silica-bound chymotrypsin, and substrates with leucine in the P₂-position. The yields of the syntheses are discussed in terms of the reactivity of substrates with similar structure in enzymatic hydrolyses. All the immobilized chymotrypsin preparations could be re-utilized successfully for further couplings. Abbreviations: IUPAC/IUB rules for peptides are followed, see Eur. J. Biochem.27, 201 (1972); Glt=4-carboxybutyrul (glutaryl),-Nan=4-nitroanilide. All amino acids except glycine are of L-configuration.     

Optical isotope shifts in neodymium

Isotope shifts have been measured in Nd II from which the shifts between pure configurations 4f ⁴ 6s and 4f ⁴ 5d can be determined. The specific mass shift for such a “transition” was estimated to be + 3 mK for a change of two neutrons. By comparison with electronic X-ray isotope shifts the following values were obtained for the change in the nuclear charge distributionδ〈r ²〉 [fm²]: (142, 144) 0.277; (144, 146) 0.257; (146, 148) 0.286; (148, 150) 0.381; (142, 143) 0.130; (144, 145) 0.111. Field shifts in several optical transitions have been compared with values of ¦ψ(0)¦² obtained from Hartree-Fock wave functions; agreement is good. Other specific mass shifts have been estimated 4f ⁴ 6s? 4f ⁴ 6p, ?1 mK; 4f ⁴ 6s? 4f ³ 5d ², ?30 mK. These values are in good agreement with calculated values of ?1.1 and ?30.6 mK.