Reduction and second quantisation of generalised electromagnetic field for zero mass system

Reduction and second quantisation of generalised electromagnetic fields in the presence of massless spin-1/2 particles carrying both electric and magnetic charges have been carried out in terms of Lomont-Moses realisation of irreducible representations of Poincare group and the expression for field Hamiltonian has been derived.     

Spectral representations of infinitely divisible processes

Summary The spectral representations for arbitrary discrete parameter infinitely divisible processes as well as for (centered) continuous parameter infinitely divisible processes, which are separable in probability, are obtained. The main tools used for the proofs are (i) a polar-factorization of an arbitrary Lévy measure on a separable Hilbert space, and (ii) the Wiener-type stochastic integrals of non-random functions relative to arbitrary infinitely divisible noise.The research of both authors was supported partially by the AFSOR Grant No. 87-0136; the second named author was also supported partially by a grant from the University of Tennessee     

Tuning the conformation of synthetic co‐polypeptides of serine and glutamic acid through control over polymer composition

Ring opening polymerization (ROP) of N‐carboxy anhydride (NCA) amino acids presents a rapid way to synthesize high molecular weight polypeptides with different amino acid compositions. The compositional and functional versatility of polypeptides make these materials an attractive choice for biomaterials. The functional performance of polypeptide materials is equally linked to their conformation which is determined by the amino acid sequence in the polymer chains. Here, the interplay between composition and conformation of synthetic polypeptides obtained by NCA polymerization was explored. Various copolypeptides from Glu(Bzl) and Ser(Bzl) were prepared to investigate how polypeptide composition affected the conformation of the resulting copolymer. Polymerization kinetics indicated that the copolymerization of Glu(Bzl) and Ser(Bzl) preferentially yielded alternating copolymers. Both the polydispersity and the conformation of the polypeptides were dependent on the Ser(Bzl) content in the polymer, demonstrating that polypeptide functionalities could be tuned directly by altering the relative amounts of amino acids in the chain. This work presents the first step toward an improved understanding and control over polypeptide conformation through modulating the amino acid composition of the material. Understanding this sequence–functionality relationship is essential to advancing the use of ROP as a technique to design smart polypeptide based materials with specific functions. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 2331–2336     

Quantum Encoding and Entanglement in Terms of Phase Operators Associated with Harmonic Oscillator

Realization of qudit quantum computation has been presented in terms of number operator and phase operators associated with one-dimensional harmonic oscillator and it has been demonstrated that the representations of generalized Pauli group, viewed in harmonic oscillator operators, allow the qudits to be explicitly encoded in such systems. The non-Hermitian quantum phase operators contained in decomposition of the annihilation and creation operators associated with harmonic oscillator have been analysed in terms of semi unitary transformations (SUT) and it has been shown that the non-vanishing analytic index for harmonic oscillator leads to an alternative class of quantum anomalies. Choosing unitary transformation and the Hermitian phase operator free from quantum anomalies, the truncated annihilation and creation operators have been obtained for harmonic oscillator and it has been demonstrated that any attempt of removal of quantum anomalies leads to absence of minimum uncertainty.     

Chromatographic behaviour of metal ions on tin(IV) and titanium(IV) antimonate papers

Summary The chromatographic behaviour of 49 metal ions has been studied on papers impregnated with Sn(IV) and Ti(IV) antimonates in aqueous HNO₃ and mixed solvent systems containing dimethyl sulphoxide. Numerous separations have been achieved and the Alberti equation, for Sn(IV) and Ti(IV) antimonate papers, in the modified form: –nloga K⁺=R_M + constant (a K⁺=activity of K⁺), has been verified. The effect of the concentration of impregnating reagents on these papers has been determined and compared with other papers. The effect of pH on R_f, R_i, log R_f and R_M values of metal ions has also been examined in aqueous systems.     

Tail behavior for semigroups of measures on groups

Let (_t)_t>0 be a convolution semigroup of probability measures on a measurable group (G, ). In this paper, we provide precise information about the asymptotic behavior of _t{q>s, whereq is a measurable seminorm and (_t)_t>0 isq-continuous.     

Butterfly structure: signature of vibrational flopping in dissociative acetylene

We report experimental evidence for molecular deformation due to a vibrationally active transition state of multiply charged acetylene molecules under the impact of low energy Ar8+ projectiles. "Butterflylike" structures are observed in the experimental coincidence spectra between hydrogen and carbon ionic fragments. Such structures can be generated by numerical simulations and are found to originate from the bending motion of the dissociating molecule. Angular distributions for dissociation products from triply charged C2H2 ion are reported.     

Dual Superconductivity in Abelian Higgs Model of QCD

The study of generalized field associated with Abelian dyons has been undertaken and it has been demonstrated that topologically, a non-Abelian gauge theory is equivalent to a set of Abelian gauge theories supplemented by dyons which undergo condensation leading to confinement and consequently to superconducting model of QCD vacuum, where the Higgs field plays the role of a regulator only. Constructing the effective action for dyonic field in Abelian projection of QCD, it has been demonstrated that any charge (electrical or magnetic) of dyon screens its own direct potential to which it minimally couples and anti-screens the dual potential leading to dual superconductivity in accordance with generalized Meissner effect. In this Abelian projection of QCD an Abelian Higgs model (AHM) has been successfully constructed and it has been shown to incorporate dual superconductivity and confinement as the consequence of dyonic condensation. It has been demonstrated that in AHM t’ Hooft loop creates the string (AHM-string) around which the monopole current under London limit leads to vanishing coherence length in the chromo-magnetic superconductor. It has also been shown that in London limit the squared density of monopole current around AHM-string has a maximum at the distance of the order of penetration length.