Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Synthesized Compounds as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Imidazole derivatives, namely, 1-((1-(piperazinomethyl)-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-phenylhydrazine (PBIP), and 1-((1-(morpholinomethyl)-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-phenylhydrazine (MBIP) were synthesized and investigated as inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in 15% HCl solution using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was found that the inhibition efficiency of both the inhibitors increases with increase in concentration of inhibitors and decreases with increase in temperature. The inhibitors, PBIP and MBIP, show corrosion inhibition efficiency of 92.6% and 91.4% at 300 ppm concentration, respectively, at 303 K. Polarization studies showed that both the studied inhibitors were of mixed type in nature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed for surface study of uninhibited and inhibited mild steel samples. The semi-empirical AM1 method was employed for theoretical calculations.     

Radioanalytical separation and size-dependent ion exchange property of micelle-directed titanium phosphate nanocomposites

Nanocomposite titanium-phosphate (TiP) of different sizes was synthesized using Triton X-100 (polyethylene glycol-p-isooctylphenyl ether) surfactant. The materials were characterized by FTIR and powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structural and morphological details of the material were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. The SEM study was followed by energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis for elemental analysis of the sample. The important peaks of the XRD spectra were analyzed to determine the probable composition of the material. The average size distribution of the particles was determined by dynamic light scattering method. Ion exchange capacity was measured for different metal ions with sizes of the TiP nanocomposite and size-dependent ion exchange property of the material was investigated thoroughly. The nanomaterial of the smallest size of around 43 nm was employed to separate carrier-free ^137mBa from ¹³⁷Cs in column chromatographic technique using 1.0 M HNO₃ as eluting agent at pH 5.     

Optoelectronic and biological quantification of semi-conducting,crimson europium chelates with fluorinated β-keto acid and N-donor ancillary ligands

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Five luminescent ternary and one binary Europium(III) complexes were synthesised with β-keto acid as primary ligand and neocuproine(neo),...     

Combined OX40 Agonist and PD-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy Improves the Efficacy of Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in a Urothelial Tumor Model

Purpose: Vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) is a nonsurgical tumor ablation approach used to treat early-stage prostate cancer and may also be effective for upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) based on preclinical data. Toward increasing response rates to VTP, we evaluated its efficacy in combination with concurrent PD-1 inhibitor/OX40 agonist immunotherapy in a urothelial tumor-bearing model. Experimental design: In mice allografted with MB-49 UTUC cells, we compared the effects of combined VTP with PD-1 inhibitor/OX40 agonist with those of the component treatments on tumor growth, survival, lung metastasis, and antitumor immune responses. Results: The combination of VTP with both PD-1 inhibitor and OX40 agonist inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival to a greater degree than VTP with either immunotherapeutic individually. These effects result from increased tumor infiltration and intratumoral proliferation of cytotoxic and helper T cells, depletion of Treg cells, and suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that VTP synergizes with PD-1 blockade and OX40 agonist to promote strong antitumor immune responses, yielding therapeutic efficacy in an animal model of urothelial cancer.     

A green route towards substituted 2-amino-4H-chromenes catalyzed by an organobase (TBD) functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticle without heating

Research on Chemical Intermediates - 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo-[4,4,0]-dec-1-ene functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticle promoted one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes from a...     

Magnetic polymer nanocomposites for environmental and biomedical applications

Hybrid nanomaterials have received voluminous interest due to the combination of unique properties of organic and inorganic component in one material. In this class, magnetic polymer nanocomposites are of particular interest because of the combination of excellent magnetic properties, stability, and good biocompatibility. Organic–inorganic magnetic nanocomposites can be prepared by in situ, ex situ, microwave reflux, co-precipitation, melt blending, and ceramic–glass processing and plasma polymerization techniques. These nanocomposites have been exploited for in vivo imaging, as superparamagnetic or negative contrast agents, drug carriers, heavy metal adsorbents, and magnetically recoverable photocatalysts for degradation of organic pollutants. This review article is mainly focused on fabrication of magnetic polymer nanocomposites and their applications. Different types of magnetic nanoparticles, methods of their synthesis, properties, and applications have also been reviewed briefly. The review also provides detailed insight into various types of magnetic nanocomposites and their synthesis. Diverse applications of magnetic nanocomposites including environmental and biomedical uses have been discussed.     

Synthesis and characterization of some acetoxime-modified hetero-metal alkoxide precursors of zinc(II) and aluminum(III) for sol–gel transformation to nano-sized ZnAl2O4

Reactions of [ZnAl₂(OPr_i)₈] [A] with acetoxime in different molar ratios in refluxing anhydrous benzene, yield complexes of the type [ZnAl₂(OPrⁱ)_8?n{(CH₃)₂CNO}_n] {where, n = 1–4}. All the complexes are transparent viscous/foamy solids. They were characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR and NMR (¹H, ¹³C {¹H}) spectral studies. ²⁷Al NMR spectrum of [ZnAl₂(OPrⁱ)₄{(CH₃)₂CNO}₄] [4] in CDCl₃ suggests presence of four coordination around both the aluminum atoms. IR spectra suggest that the oximato ligands bind the aluminum atoms in a side on manner in all the complexes. The ESI-mass spectrum of the representative derivative [4] suggests its monomeric nature while the thermo-gravimetric curve shows its low thermal stability. Sol–gel transformations of the precursors (A), (1), and (4) yielded nano-sized ZnAl₂O₄ samples (a), (b) and (c) at ~500 °C, respectively. The XRD patterns of (a), (b) and (c) indicate formation of cubic phase nano-sized zinc aluminate in all the samples. Surface morphologies of these samples were investigated by SEM images. IR spectra as well as EDX analyses indicate formation of pure zinc aluminate in all the cases. TEM image of sample (c) shows spherical (~5–8 nm) morphology.