Ultrasound promoted para-selective nitration of phenols in ionic liquid

Ultrasound promoted nitration of phenol and substituted phenols using ferric nitrate and Clayfen respectively in the ionic liquid ethyl ammonium nitrate has exhibited significant enhancement in rates of reaction as well as high para selectivity as compared to corresponding reactions performed without ultrasound.     

Nonexponential decay in relaxation phenomena

A variety of considerations from different points of view including non-Markovian stochastic processes, basic quantum mechanics, and a mechanism based on condensed matter physics, all lead to the fractional exponential decay at long times in relaxation processes. Implications of this decay law and its verifiable predictions in a broad range of phenomena in condensed matter physics are pointed out.     

A note on the falkner-skan flows of a non-newtonian fluid

Non-similar solutions are established for the boundary layer flow of a homogeneous incompressible fluid of second grade past a wedge placed symmetrically with respect to the flow direction. The variation of the skin-friction with respect to the non-Newtonian parameters is discussed.     

Emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate

Emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with sodium laryl sulfate as emulsifier and potassium persulfate as initiator was studied and found to follow the rate equation suggested by Harriot:      

A singular perturbation theory for the FitzHugh-Nagumo nerve conduction equation

A singular perturbation theory is applied to the FitzHugh-Nagumo nerve conduction equation with cubic nonlinearity to obtain jacobian elliptic-function travelling-wave profiles. Starting with zeroth-order elliptic-function solutions, we obtain explicit first-order correction to the propagating waves and pulses.     

Quasiparticles in the Mixed Phase of Superconducting Cuprates: A Semiclassical Green's Function Approach

We consider $\left( {d_{x^2 - y^2 } } \right)$ superconducting state quasiparticles coupled to vortices. Since the perturbation due to the latter varies slowly with distance outside the vortex core, a semiclassical approximation for the quasiparticle Green's function suffices. This is used to discuss several questions of interest, viz. choices of gauge, the quasiparticle density of states in presence of vortices, and finally longitudinal as well as Hall magneto thermal conductivity.     

Enforced electrical neutrality of the color-flavor locked phase

We demonstrate that quark matter in the color-flavor locked phase of QCD is rigorously electrically neutral, despite the unequal quark masses, and even in the presence of an electron chemical potential. As long as the strange quark mass and the electron chemical potential do not preclude the color-flavor locked phase, quark matter is automatically neutral. No electrons are required and none are admitted.