Pseudo-entanglement evaluated in noninertial frames

We study quantum discord, in addition to entanglement, of bipartite pseudo-entanglement in noninertial frames. It is shown that the entanglement degrades from its maximum value in a stationary frame to a minimum value in an infinite accelerating frame. There is a critical region found in which, for particular cases, entanglement of states vanishes for certain accelerations. The quantum discord of pseudo-entanglement decreases by increasing the acceleration. Also, for a physically inaccessible region, entanglement and nonclassical correlation are evaluated and shown to match the corresponding values of the physically accessible region for an infinite acceleration.     

Superoxide radical biosensor based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c

A biosensor for the quantification of superoxide radical (O(2)˙(-)) was developed based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c (Cyt c), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL). The immobilized Cyt c was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Using this biosensor a formal potential of -280 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) and electron transfer rate constant of 1.24 was recorded for the immobilized Cyt c in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). The biosensor showed a relatively high sensitivity (7.455 A M(-1) cm(-2)) and a long term stability (180 days) towards O(2)˙(-) in the concentration range from 0.05 to 8.1 μM with a detection limit of 0.03 μM. The selectivity of the biosensor to O(2)˙(-) was verified when its response was compared with those obtained by four potential interfering substances (ascorbic acid, uric acid, acetaminophen and hydrogen peroxide).     

Non-Darcy Flow of Water Through a Packed Column Test

As the flow velocity and Reynolds number increase in rockfilled porous media, the flow deviates from Darcy conditions and enters into a new phase known as non-Darcy conditions. Due to a linear relationship between hydraulic gradient and the flow velocity in Darcy formula, the flow can be analyzed with no difficulty. However, as the velocity increases the Darcy law is violated, the flow becomes turbulent, making the analysis more challenging. In this paper a laboratory packed column was built to study high-velocity flow through granular materials and new experimental data have been obtained. The laboratory experiments include application of for six different sizes of rounded aggregates and using different hydraulic gradients to assess the flow behavior. Using new experimental data, the validity of four widely-used head-loss equations were evaluated. The results indicated that the Sidiropoulou et al. (Hydrol Process 21:534–554, 2007) and Ergun’s head-loss equations yield satisfactory results comparing to other available relationships.     

Analytical and numerical simulation investigation in effects of radiation and porosity on a non-orthogonal stagnation-point flow towards a stretching sheet

The steady two-dimensional non-orthogonal flow near the stagnation point on a stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium in the presence of radiation effects is studied. Using similarity variables, the nonlinear boundary-layer equations are solved analytically by homotopy perturbation method (HPM) employing Padé technique. Comparison between the results of HPM-Padé solution and numerical simulation as well as some other results which are available in the literature, demonstrates a very good agreement between them and the HPM-Padé solution provides a convenient way to control and adjust the convergence region of a system of nonlinear boundary-layer problems with high accurate. The effect of involved parameters such as striking angle, radiation parameter, porosity parameter and the Prandtl number on flow and heat transfer characteristics have been discussed with more details.     

Investigation of the anchoring silane coupling reagent effect in porphyrin sensitized mesoporous V-TiO2 on the photodegradation efficiency of methyl orange under visible light irradiation

In order to efficient utilization of visible light in the photodegradation reaction, mesoporous vanadium doped TiO₂ (V-TiO₂) particles sensitized by tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) dyes were synthesized, and characterized. For investigation of the anchoring coupling between porphyrin and TiO₂ surface, two photocatalyst containing ester-like linkage (TCPP–V-TiO₂) and amide-like linkage (TCPP–NH₂–V-TiO₂) were compared in the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) aqueous solution. It was found that the photocatalytic activity of the TCPP–V-TiO₂ was higher than TCPP–NH₂–V-TiO₂ (95 % compared to 62 %). Importantly, TCPP–V-TiO₂ was particularly stable in the visible light photocatalytic activity after six cycles.     

Ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulation of H2 adsorption on CN3Be3+ cluster

Hydrogen adsorption properties of the CN₃Be₃⁺ cluster have been studied using density functional theory and MP2 method with a 6–31++G** basis set. Five hydrogen molecules get adsorbed on the CN₃Be₃⁺ cluster with a hydrogen storage capacity of 10.98 wt%. Adsorption of three H₂ molecules on one of the three Be atoms in a cluster is reported for the first time. It is due to the more positive charge on this Be atom than the remaining two. The average value for H₂ adsorption energy in CN₃Be₃⁺ (5H₂) complexes is 0.41 (0.43) eV/H₂ at MP2 (wB97XD) level, which fits well within the ideal range. Adsorption energy from electronic structure calculations plays an important role in retaining the number of H₂ molecules on a cluster during atom-centered density matrix propagation (ADMP) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. According to ADMP-MD simulations, out of five H₂ adsorbed molecules on CN₃Be₃⁺, four and two H₂ molecules remain absorbed on CN₃Be₃⁺ cluster at 275 K and 350 K, respectively, during the simulation.

     

Ni2+ supported on hydroxyapatite-core-shell γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles: a novel,highly efficient and reusable lewis acid catalyst for the regioselective azidolysis of epoxides in water

In this research, Ni²⁺ supported on hydroxyapatite-core-shell magnetic γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (γ-Fe₂O₃@HAp-Ni²⁺) as a novel, efficient, reusable and heterogeneous catalyst was reported. In this protocol, we used this catalyst for the ring opening of epoxide with sodium azide in water. The catalyst can be readily isolated using an external magnet and no obvious loss of activity was observed when the catalyst was reused in seven consecutive runs. The mean size and the surface morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques.     

An Eu(III) sensor based on N,N-diethyl-N-(4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)guanidine.

A highly selective poly(vinyl chloride)-based membrane sensor produced by using N,N-diethyl-N-(4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)guanidine (GD) as active material is described. The electrode displays Nernstian behavior over the concentration range 7.0 x 10(-5) - 1.0 x 10(-1) M. The detection limit of the electrode is 5.0 x 10(-5) M. The best performance was obtained with the membrane containing 30% PVC, 55% benzyl acetate, 5% GD and 10% oleic acid. The response of the sensor is pH-independent in the range of 3.0 - 7.0. The sensor possesses satisfactory reproducibility, fast response time (< 20 s), and specially excellent discriminating ability for Eu(III) ion with respect to the alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The membrane sensor was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Eu(III) ion with EDTA. It was also applied in determination of fluoride ions in mouth wash preparations.     

Application of ortho‐palladated homoveratrylamine complex containing mixed phosphorus–nitrogen donors in the Suzuki reaction

The catalytic activity of [Pd{C₆H₂(CH₂CH₂NH₂)‐(OMe)₂,3,4}Br(PPh₃)] monomeric ortho‐palladated complex of homoveratrylamine and triphenylphosphine was investigated in the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction of various aryl halides with aryl boronic acids. The substituted biaryls were produced in excellent yields using a catalytic amount of this complex in ethanol at 60°C. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.