Solitons in nucleus-nucleus collisions near the speed of sound

The equations of hydrodynamics as applied to nucleus-nucleus collisions admit a soliton solution at energies slightly exceeding the velocity of sound (10 MeV/A < E? 30 MeV/A). Possible phenomenological signatures of this effect are mentioned.     

Limiting fragmentation in high-energy heavy-ion reactions and preequilibrium

The space-time evolution towards equilibrium of heavy-ion fragments in high-energy reactions investigated. An initial excitation which is generated during the collision process in a small region on the surface of the fragment leads to a characteristic angular and energy spectrum of light emitted particles which is characterized by an “up-down” asymmetry.     

Can cosmic strangelets reach the earth?

The mechanism for the propagation of strangelets with low baryon number through the atmosphere of the Earth has been explored. It has been shown that, under suitable initial conditions, such strangelets may indeed reach depths near mountain altitudes with mass numbers and charges close to the observed values in cosmic ray experiments.     

Facile synthesis of a library of lyme disease glycolipid antigens

A library of one of the two Lyme disease antigens, BbGL1, has been synthesized in four steps from d-galactose using BF(3)-promoted glycosylation of the peracetate to introduce the cholesteryl β-glycoside and TBTU-promoted esterification to add a range of fatty acids regioselectively at O-6 of d-galactose in good yield.     

Making and Breaking of C−N Bonds: Applications in the Synthesis of Unsymmetric Tertiary Amines and α-Amino Carbonyl Derivatives

An operationally simple process has been developed for the synthesis of unsymmetrical amines and α-amino carbonyl derivatives in the absence of a catalyst, ligand, oxidant, or any additives. Contrary to known reductive amination methods, this protocol is amenable to substrates containing other reducible groups. This process effectively results in consecutive cleavage and formation of C−N bonds. DFT studies and Hammett analysis provide useful insight into the mechanism. The role of noncovalent interactions as a stabilizing factor have been examined in the protocol. A wide range of alkyl-bromides have been coupled efficiently with a variety of dimethyl anilines to get unsymmetric tertiary amines with yields up to 90%. This methodology was further extended to the synthesis of α-amino carbonyl derivatives with yields up to 93%.