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21.
Samit Mandal J Gerl H Geissel K Hauschild M Hellström Z Janas I Kojouharov Y Kopatch RC Lemmon P Mayet Z Podolyak PH Regan H Schaffner C Schlegel J Simpson HJ Wollersheim 《Pramana》2001,57(1):161-164
Feasibility of gamma-ray spectroscopy at relativistic energies with exotic heavy-ions and new generation of germanium detectors
(segmented Clover) is discussed. An experiment with such detector array and radioactive is discussed. 相似文献
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We report measurements of non-linear charge transport in epitaxial (La1−x
Pr
x
)0.7Ca0.3MnO3 thin films fabricated on (100) oriented SrTiO3 single crystals by pulsed laser deposition. The end members of this series, namely Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 are canonical charge-ordered (CO) and ferromagnetic manganites, respectively. The onset of the CO state in Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 is manifested by a pronounced insulating behavior below ∼ 200 K. The CO state remains stable even when a large (∼ 2×105 V/cm) electric field is applied across the thin film samples. However, on substitution of Pr with La, a crossover from the
highly resistive CO state to a state of metallic character is observed at relatively low electric fields. The current-voltage
characteristics of the samples at low temperatures show hysteretic and history dependent effects. The electric field driven
charge transport in the system is modelled on the basis of an inhomogeneous medium consisting of ferromagnetic metallic clusters
dispersed in a CO background. 相似文献
25.
Mechanisation came early to clinical chemistry and has passed through a number of phases. Selective multichannel machines, usually discrete analysers with their associated mechanical complexities, have become popular; the simplicity and reliability of flow analysers has been lost. Flow injection offers new opportunities to develop simple selective machines. Sample waste is avoided in the controlled-dispersion flow analyser; the slug of sample is picked up by a probe, the volume being metered by the peristaltic pump driven by a stepping motor under computer control. Reagent waste is avoided by a similar system and use of merging zones. Very economical operation is thus possible and acceptable precision is attained. Various features of the technique, including prolonged incubation, use of kinetic methods to minimise the need for blanks, and application of different detectors are discussed in the context of clinical assays. Anomalous behaviour of particulate matter in flow streams and the changing shape of sample slugs in stationary streams are described. The application of flow-injection systems in clinical chemistry is extremely promising. 相似文献
26.
Higgins EM Sherwood JA Lindsay AG Armstrong J Massey RS Alder RW O'Donoghue AC 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(5):1559-1561
pK(a) values of 19.8-28.2 are reported for the conjugate acids of a large series of NHCs in water. The effects of ring size, N-substituent and C(4)-C(5) saturation on pK(a) are discussed. 相似文献
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An ordinary subgroup of a group G is (1) a subset of G, (2) closed under the group operation. In a fuzzy subgroup it is precisely these two notions that lose their deterministic character. A fuzzy subgroup μ of a group (G,·) associates with each group element a number, the larger the number the more certainly that element belongs to the fuzzy subgroup. The closure property is captured by the inequality μ(x · y)?T(μ(x), μ(y)). In A. Rosenfeld's original definition, T was the function ‘minimum’. However, any t-norm T provides a meaningful generalization of the closure property. Two classes of fuzzy subgroups are investigated. The fuzzy subgroups in one class are subgroup generated, those in the other are function generated. Each fuzzy subgroup in these classes satisfies the above inequality with T given by T(a, b) = max(a + b ?1, 0). While the two classes look different, each fuzzy subgroup in either is isomorphic to one in the other. It is shown that a fuzzy subgroup satisfies the above inequality with if and only if it is subgroup generated of a very special type. Finally, these notions are applied to some abstract pattern recognition problems. 相似文献
30.
Radiotracer experiments show that self-diffusion in the rotator crystalline phase of adamantane proceeds by a vacancy mechanism. The results are in good agreement with those determined from NMR experiments. 相似文献