创新研究型物理实验教学平台的建设与实践

实验教学中心在面向全校物理、材料科学、地空科学及生命科学类高年级本科生开设创新研究型实验课程中,创建了创新研究型物理实验教学平台,使学生自主设计课题,制定研究方案,选择相应的平台对该课题进行系统研究.通过三学年的建设与教学实践,表明该平台的建立不仅增强了学生实验动手机会,而且提高了学生自主分析问题、解决问题的能力,激发了学生的主观能动性、主动创造思维,培养了学生的创新能力.同时也促进了教师知识的更新和教学水平的提高.     

Two-Dimensional Breather Lattice Solutions and Compact-Like Discrete Breathers and Their Stability in Discrete Two-Dimensional Monatomic β-FPU Lattice

We restrict our attention to the discrete two-dimensional monatomic β-FPU lattice. We look for two- dimensional breather lattice solutions and two-dimensional compact-like discrete breathers by using trying method and analyze their stability by using Aubry＇s linearly stable theory. We obtain the conditions of existence and stability of two-dimensional breather lattice solutions and two-dimensional compact-like discrete breathers in the discrete two- dimensional monatomic β-FPU lattice.     

6.17-W continuous wave operation of a 2132-nm c-cut Tm,Ho:YAP pumped by a laser diode of 794.3 nm

Continuous wave (CW) operation of a c-cut Tm (5 at %), Ho (0.3 at %):YAP laser at 2132 nm wavelength were reported in this paper. In the temperature of 77 K, the Tm,Ho:YAP crystal was double end-pumped by a 21.4 W fiber-coupled laser diode (LD) at the center wavelength of 794.3 nm. Different resonator lengths and output couplers for the total pump power were tried. The resonator length was 205 mm, and the maximum CW output power of 6.17 W was acquired, corresponding to an optical-optical conversion efficiency of 28.8% and a slope efficiency of 35.6%.     

电子辐照下聚合物介质深层充电现象研究

空间辐射环境中,聚合物介质的深层充放电效应是威胁航天器安全的重要因素之一.文中在Chudleigh和von Berlepsch所发展的电位衰减模型基础上引入传输电流项,考虑了电子入射引起的感应电导率和感应电场的影响,提出了新的分析研究介质材料深层充电规律和特征的模型.通过该模型,分析了不同辐射条件下介质的表面电位、内部电荷与电场分布的变化,并设计实验及援引其他实验数据对模型分析结果进行验证.分析和实验结果表明,聚合物介质在深层充电过程中的平衡电位随着入射电子束流强度和介质电阻率的增加而增大,决定深层充电平 关键词： 深层充电 电荷传输模型 电子束 聚合物     

Research on the cyclostationary nearfield acoustic holography based on boundary element method

Cyclostationary sound field is a special kind of nonstationary sound field, in which the pressure signal is modulated seriously and sidebands exist in its spectrum. The reconstructed sound field can＇t figure the cyclostationary features in conventional Nearfield Acoustic Holography （NAH） procedure. On the basis of planar cyclostationary NAH, the cyclostationary NAH based on boundary element method is proposed which can be utilized to analyze radiators with complicated surface. Replacing the Fourier＇s transform with the second-order cyclic statistics, the Cyclic Spectral Density （CSD） functions is used as the reconstructed physical quantity in the proposed NAH technique, instead of the spectrum or power spectral density of pressure signal. By virtue of the demodulation ability of CSD function, the reconstructed CSD can effectively express the information of modulating and carrier wave respectively. The simulation and experiment illustrate that the validity and accuracy of this cyclostationary NAH technique satisfy the request of engineering.     

电弧蒸馏光谱法测定地球化学样品中银及其他痕量元素的研究进展

发射光谱法因具有多元素同时测定,分析速度快,灵敏度高,检出限低,使用方便的特点,被用于地质样品中银及其他痕量元素的测定。随着我国地质勘查事业的发展和地球化学调查工作力度的加大,对覆盖区的多目标地球化学调查样品的测试及质量控制提出了更高的要求。同时分析方法和测试技术有了新的进展。基于蒸馏原理的电弧光谱测试技术也有了多方面的进展。本论文归纳总结了国内主要刊物上所发表的电弧蒸馏光谱法测定地球化学样品中银及其他痕量元素的研究和应用情况,重点就固体缓冲剂的组成成分进行简要概述,以期为今后样品测试提供参考。     

低β 162.5 MHz taper型HWR腔的机械性能分析（英文）

北京大学正在设计β=0.09,频率为162.5 MHz taper型的二分之一波长射频超导谐振腔(HWR腔),这种腔针对高流强质子束(约100mA)和氘束(约50mA)的加速而设计。对于这种超导腔而言机械性能分析是十分重要的,可以通过机械性能分析来估计由于腔体的形变带来的频率偏移。用ANSYS分析了由于液氦压力不稳定造成的麦克风效应以及洛伦兹力造成的腔体失谐,并且对沿腔体轴线方向的调谐进行了分析。模拟结果显示这只腔压力敏感系数为31.1 Hz/kPa,洛伦兹力系数为-0.41Hz/(MV·m~(-1))~2。腔体的调谐范围达到±177kHz,足够补偿腔体可能的频率偏移。腔体的机械性能满足腔体正常运行的要求。     

利多卡因醇质体的制备及其透皮性能评价

为了提高酰胺类局部麻醉药利多卡因的经皮渗透量,采取乙醇注入法制备了利多卡因醇质体,正交实验得到其最优制备工艺:卵磷脂与利多卡因质量比1∶1,乙醇体积分数40%,温度30℃,超声时间3min.该法制得利多卡因醇质体的平均包封率为(75.93±5.07)%.将该醇质体制成含裸药5%的凝胶,皮肤刺激性实验和体外透皮实验结果显示该凝胶对豚鼠皮肤无刺激性、无致敏性.该凝胶6h的体外累计渗透量为241.968μg.cm-2,6h的渗透速率(40.331μg.cm-2.h-1)为裸药凝胶渗透速率的7.71倍.