γ辐照掺杂SiO2的ESR研究

分别掺有磷和硼的二氧化硅经γ辐照后产生多种顺磁性中心,ESR研究指出氧空穴O^-主要稳定在杂质离子附近.O₂^-自由基稳定在Si离子上.F心的研究认为氧缺位俘获电子存在一个动态平衡过程.     

Continuity of Effect Algebra Operations in the Interval Topology

We study the continuity of and of effect algebras in the interval topology, and present several examples of effect algebras with interesting properties.     

Direct experimental limit on neutron-mirror-neutron oscillations

In case a mirror world with a copy of our ordinary particle spectrum would exist, the neutron n and its degenerate partner, the mirror neutron n', could potentially mix and undergo nn' oscillations. The interaction of an ordinary magnetic field with the ordinary neutron would lift the degeneracy between the mirror partners, diminish the n' amplitude in the n wave function and, thus, suppress its observability. We report an experimental comparison of ultracold neutron storage in a trap with and without superimposed magnetic field. No influence of the magnetic field is found and, assuming negligible mirror magnetic fields, a limit on the oscillation time taunn' > 103 s (95% C.L.) is derived.     

磷酸苯基二乙基酯的合成及波谱检测

作为有机磷小分子化合物 ,磷酰胺及其酯类衍生物大多具有广泛的生物活性。磷作为生命的重要元素 ,在生命体系中处于一种重要的地位 ,研究磷参与的生命过程的化学本质 ,对于更好地认识生命体及人类自身都具有重要意义。从化学意义上讲 ,磷参与的绝大部分生命过程 ,其化学本质都是磷酰基转移反应 ,对于这样一类生物体普遍存在的磷酰基转移反应 ,亦可应用到医药和农药上 ,对一些官能团进行结构改造 ,以改变其活性及仿生作用。Atherton Todd反应是合成此类物质极有价值的方法。为了进一步改善和提高水杨酸类药物的仿生作用 ,作者曾采用Atherton Todd反应合成了水杨酸羟基磷酸酯 ,但产率偏低。因此怀疑是水杨酸中羧基和羟基与磷酰化试剂发生竞争反应时羧基更具反应活性 ,为进一步探讨原因 ,文章选择了不含羧基的酯化过的水杨酸乙酯作为磷酰化反应的对象。结果首次采用改造后的Atherton Todd反应成功地制备出o [邻乙氧甲酰 (基 )苯基 ]磷酸二乙酯 ,并具较高产率。文章进一步详细给出了o [邻乙氧甲酰 (基 )苯基 ]磷酸二乙酯NMR谱数据 ,首次探讨了其ESI MS质谱裂解规律 ,对进一步合成更广泛的具有生物活性的酚类磷酸酯化合物将起到重要参考作用     

Sensitive detection of DNA based on the optical properties of core–shell gold nanorods

In this article, a type of core–shell nanostructure, Au₂S/AuAgS/Ag₃AuS₂-coated gold nanorods (GNRs) with unique optical properties was used as a sensing platform to detect fish sperm DNA (fsDNA). The prepared core–shell nanorods are positively charged due to the adsorption of the positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) cations on their surface. fsDNA can form ternary fsDNA–CTAB–nanorod complexes together with CTAB and nanorod, which provides a useful platform to detect fsDNA through absorption spectra and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopy. In this sensitive core–shell nanorod sensor, CTAB concentration and the nanoparticle dosage play important roles and have been investigated. Moreover, the fsDNA–CTAB–nanorod complexes induce a great enhancement of RLS intensity of the core–shell GNRs and directly proportional to the concentration of fsDNA, reaching a detection limit of about 10⁻⁹ mg/mL. This study will be significant for as-prepared core–shell GNRs for future application in biological systems.     

溶剂热合成法制备的Zn1-xMnxO和Zn1-2xMnxLixO纳米材料的磁学性质

用溶剂热合成法在160oC制备出Zn_1-xMn_xO纳米棒和Zn_1-2xMn_xLi_xO纳米颗粒. XRD和拉曼测试结果表明Mn离子已很好地掺入ZnO母体中. M-H图中未观察到磁回滞,ESR谱中的精细结构说明掺杂的Mn离子间没有铁磁相互作用. 共掺Li仅仅改变了产物的形貌,并不能改变其磁学性质.     

多源共蒸发制备高性能REBa2Cu3O7-x涂层导体的进展与展望

REBa2Cu3O7-x (RE：钇、钆等稀土元素,REBCO）高温超导体因其具备较高的不可逆场和上临界场等优越性能,一经发现就备受关注。但由于材料本身固有的陶瓷性及弱连接等属性,导致其实际应用起来难度较大。目前,人们已经发展了诸多制备工艺来克服这些困难,实现了REBCO超导体的实际应用。按照前驱膜沉积方法可将REBCO超导薄膜的制备分为物理法和化学法。本文综述了物理气相沉积（PVD-Physical Vapor Deposition）法中多源共蒸发法制备REBCO超导薄膜的技术起源及演变历程,并与金属有机沉积、金属有机化学气相沉积、脉冲激光沉积等不同方法生产的REBCO超导带材进行对比,突出多源共蒸发法制备的REBCO薄膜性能优异、在商业化生产效率上具有更大的优势。最后对多源共蒸发法制备REBCO超导薄膜进行总结及展望,解决多源共蒸发沉积制备REBCO薄膜的成相机理、提高薄膜的钉扎中心等问题对未来第二代高温超导带材的大规模应用具有重要意义。     

棒状纳米纤维素仿生矿化及光谱分析

以棒状纳米纤维素为模板,采用仿生矿化的方法制备纳米纤维素/纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料。并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜能谱分析(SEM-EDAX)对仿生矿化前后纳米纤维素中碳、氧、钙、磷元素的变化情况及分布状态进行了表征,并探讨了纳米羟基磷灰石的生长机理。结果表明纳米纤维素表面形成了纳米羟基磷灰石;纳米纤维素的碳氧比为1.81,仿生矿化后下降为1.54;仿生矿化后纳米纤维素的钙磷比nCa/nP=1.70;纳米羟基磷灰石成核是在纳米纤维素的羟基上,并且纳米纤维素表面羟基和纳米羟基磷灰石的钙离子之间发生了配位作用。纳米羟基磷灰石较为均一的形成在纳米纤维素的基体中。通过原子力显微镜(AFM)图片可以看出,直径为20nm左右的羟基磷灰石生长在纳米纤维素的表面。     

Effects of （LiCe） co-substitution on the structural and electrical properties of CaBi2Nb209 ceramics

The piezoelectric,dielectric,and ferroelectric properties of the(LiCe) co-substituted calcium bismuth niobate(CaBi2Nb2O9,CBNO) are investigated.The piezoelectric properties of CBNO ceramics are significantly enhanced and the dielectric loss tan δ decreased.This makes poling using(LiCe) co-substitution easier.The ceramics(where represents A-site Ca2+ vacancies,possess a pure layered structure phase and no other phases can be found.The Ca0.88(LiCe)0.04 0.04Bi2Nb2O9 ceramics possess optimal piezoelectric properties,with piezoelectric coefficient(d 33) and Curie temperature(TC) found to be 13.3 pC/N and 960 C,respectively.The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the(LiCe) co-substituted CBNO ceramics exhibit very stable temperature behaviours.This demonstrates that the CBNO ceramics are a promising candidate for ultrahigh temperature applications.     

TiO2薄膜的结构和光学性质的研究

以金属钛为靶材，用反应射频溅射法制备了TiO2薄膜，并在600－900℃下进行了热处理，经XRD测量，在600－800℃下TiO2薄膜为锐钛矿和金红石两种结构的混合态，在900℃下TiO2薄膜为纯金红石结构，研究TiO2薄膜的SEM照片和UV－vis透射光谱发现，不同的热处理温度会影响TiO2薄膜中锐矿和金红石两种结构的比例，从而导致TiO2薄膜的微观形貌，折射率，禁带宽度等性质的变化。