体布拉格光栅滤波片及其光谱成像应用

利用厚体布拉格光栅的波长选择特性对目标光场进行窄带滤波,是实现高光谱成像的一种新途径。基于严格耦合波理论,设计了体布拉格光栅结构,探索了厚体布拉格光栅的制作工艺,搭建系统光路验证了体布拉格光栅的光谱成像能力。研究结果表明：要获得较窄滤波谱宽,需要提高体布拉格光栅的厚度周期比,并严格控制入射光束发散角;刻写光束质量、震动和偏振会极大地影响制作的光栅条纹面质量,需要从优化写入光的光束均匀性、采用防震措施以及调整两刻写光束偏振一致性等方面优化刻写过程,以提高光栅的衍射效率和质量;验证了体布拉格光栅滤波片进行空间二维面阵成像的能力,宽谱光源透射条件下,通过对入射光束进行准直,滤波谱宽5 nm左右,空间分辨率约4 lines/mm;漫反射条件下,使用体布拉格光栅对进行色散补偿,能够实现较为清晰的成像,空间分辨率约4.9 lines/mm。     

Evaluation of the Chemical Composition,Bioactive Substance,Gas Production,and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Four Types of Distiller’s Grains

Distiller’s grain is rich in natural active ingredients and can be used as an excellent antioxidant feed for goats. The current study aimed to assess the feeding value of four different types of distiller’s grains with an in vitro gas production trial. The chemical composition, total phenols, total anthocyanins, dry matter degradability, methane, hydrogen, and rumen fermentation parameters were evaluated. The results indicated that red distiller’s grain and glutinous rice distiller’s grain had higher (p < 0.05) levels of crude protein than the other two types. There were significantly (p < 0.05) higher concentrations of dry matter, ether extract, hemicellulose, and total carbohydrate in corn distiller’s grain than in the other three types of distiller’s grain. In addition, red distiller’s grain showed a higher (p < 0.05) gas production rate constant (c) and ruminal outflow rate, as well as higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of total phenol, total anthocyanins and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, than the other three types of distiller’s grains. In contrast, red distiller’s grain displayed the lowest (p < 0.05) immediately soluble fraction (a) and half the time of maximum gas production relative to the other samples. In particular, the levels of methane (%) in white distiller’s grain and glutinous rice distiller’s grain were greater (p < 0.05) than that in red distiller’s grain. Moreover, the ammonia nitrogen content in red distiller’s grain was greater (p < 0.05) than that in white distiller’s grain and corn distiller’s grain. In contrast, red distiller’s grain exhibited a lower (p < 0.05) level of ruminal fluid acetic acid relative to that found in white distiller’s grain and corn distiller’s grain. Taken together, the results showed that red distiller’s grain and glutinous rice distiller’s grain could be used as protein feed, red distiller’s grain had higher levels of total phenols and total anthocyanins and a high DPPH scavenging activity; corn distiller’s grain might be considered as an alternative energy source feed, and white distiller’s grain exhibited higher total gas production.     

Radiative B meson decays into kpigamma and kpipigamma final states

We report observations of radiative B meson decays into the K+pi(-)gamma and K+pi(-)pi(+)gamma final states. In the B0-->K+pi(-)gamma channel, we present evidence for decays via an intermediate tensor meson state with a branching fraction of B(B0-->K(*)(2)(1430)(0)gamma)=[1.3+/-0.5(stat)+/-0.1(syst)]x10(-5). We measure the branching fraction B(B+-->K+pi(-)pi(+)gamma)=[2.4+/-0.5(stat) +0.4-0.2(syst)]x10(-5), in which the B+-->K(*0)pi(+)gamma and B+-->K+rho(0)gamma channels dominate. The analysis is based on a data set of 29.4 fb(-1) recorded by the Belle experiment at the KEKB collider.     

Intersubband absorption in strained AlxGa1−xN/GaN quantum wells with InyGa1−yN nanogroove layers

The intersubband absorption in a four-energy-level system consisting of a strained Al_xGa_1?xN/GaN quantum well with an In_yGa_1?yN nanogroove layer is calculated by considering the strain modification on the material parameters and polarization effect. It is found that the In_yGa_1?yN nanogroove layer in the middle of quantum well can enhance the confinement of electrons and their energy levels which consequently affect the intersubband absorption. With increasing the In composition and the groove thickness or applying a moderate compressive stress, an inflexion of energy levels appears when the lowest energy potentials of the left well and the groove are equivalent. The intersubband absorption spectrum exhibits multiple peaks contributed by different transitions. The position and height of absorption peaks are sensitive to the structural parameters (i.e., In composition and nanogroove thickness) and the strain induced by the groove layer.     

低温放电等离子体—催化还原脱除SO2催化剂的研究

低温放电等离子体催化还原脱除ＳＯ２是一项新技术，本文介绍一种可用于该技术的新型、常温、常压的催化剂。此催化剂采用双组分活性非均布的结构，ＳＯ２最高脱除率达８５～９１％，工作硫容可达到９％ｇＳＯ２／ｇＭ（Ｍ为活性组分）。文中使用热重法，模拟固定床反应器法和化学法对反应后的催化剂上的硫产物的分布进行测试，分析测试的结果表明，催化剂上存在各种形态的硫，主要为单质Ｓ和ＳＯ２４，Ｓ２基本上检验不到。本项研究为低温无废脱硫作出了有意义的探索。     

Quantitative analysis of a ubiquitin‐dependent substrate using capillary electrophoresis with dual laser‐induced fluorescence

Protein degradation by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) affects many biological processes. Inhibition of the proteasome has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this study, we developed a method for monitoring the degradation and accumulation of UPS‐dependent substrates in cells using CE with dual LIF. We used a green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐fusion of the ubiquitin substrate ribophorin 1 (GFP‐RPN1) along with red fluorescent protein (RFP) as an internal control to normalize transfection efficiency. Determination of GFP‐RPN1 and RFP in cell lysates were performed in an untreated capillary (75 μm × 50 cm) and 100 mM Tris‐CHES buffer (pH 9.0) containing 10 mM SDS. GFP‐RPN1 and RFP fluorescence were detected at excitation wavelengths of 488 and 635 nm, and emission wavelengths of 520 and 675 nm, respectively, without any interference or crosstalk. The intensity of GFP‐RPN1 fluorescence was normalized to that of RFP. Additionally, the proposed approach was used successfully to detect the degradation of GFP‐RPN1 and evaluate proteasome inhibitors. These results show that the developed method is effective and promising for rapid and quantitative monitoring of UPS‐dependent substrates compared to the current common methods, such as immunoblotting and pulse chase assays.     

高效液相色谱-程序波长紫外检测法同时测定血浆中的色氨酸及其代谢物

建立了一种高效液相色谱-程序波长紫外检测法同时测定血浆中色氨酸(Trp)及其主要代谢产物犬尿氨酸(Kyn)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)。以茶碱为内标(IS),采用BDS-Hypersil-C8柱(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)分离。流动相为10 mmol/L醋酸钠缓冲液(pH 4.5)-乙腈(94:6, v/v),流速为0.6 mL/min;柱温为25 ℃;紫外检测波长设定: Kyn和IS为360 nm, 5-HT为220 nm, Trp为302 nm。3种物质的平均回收率为87%～113%;线性范围分别为3.97～400 μmol/L(Trp), 0.421～20.2 μmol/L(Kyn), 4.36～980 nmol/L(5-HT);检出限分别为0.134 μmol/L(Trp), 0.0160 μmol/L(Kyn), 2.03 nmol/L(5-HT)。利用该方法对15例抑郁症患者和15例健康志愿者的血浆进行测定,结果表明两组间Trp的代谢存在显著的差异。     

Pretilt angle for BTDA,PMDA and CPDA series polyimides with various side chain lengths

Polyamic acid precursors were prepared by mixing dianhydride of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 1,2,3,4-benzene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (pyrromellitic dianhydride PMDA), cis-1,2,3,4-cyclopentane-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CPDA), the diamine (alkyl 3,5-diaminobenzoate) with side chain, and 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA) without side chain. Copolyimide films with various side chain lengths were prepared by thermal imidization of polyamic acid precursors. The roughness of rubbed polyimide surface increased with increase in the side chain length. The pretilt angle for the BTDA and PMDA series polyimide (PI) increased exponentially with increase in side chain length. Various pretilt angles were obtained on the synthesized polyimides. In the case of CPDA series PI, the pretilt angle was nearly constant at 0 until the alkyl side chain length reached 12 (C12) and then increased markedly at C18. Models of pretilt angle generation were tested.