全文获取类型
收费全文 | 57918篇 |
免费 | 4659篇 |
国内免费 | 4067篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 31948篇 |
晶体学 | 626篇 |
力学 | 3118篇 |
综合类 | 326篇 |
数学 | 11966篇 |
物理学 | 18660篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 88篇 |
2023年 | 530篇 |
2022年 | 919篇 |
2021年 | 1034篇 |
2020年 | 1148篇 |
2019年 | 1107篇 |
2018年 | 2140篇 |
2017年 | 2372篇 |
2016年 | 2035篇 |
2015年 | 1919篇 |
2014年 | 2092篇 |
2013年 | 2743篇 |
2012年 | 5526篇 |
2011年 | 4847篇 |
2010年 | 3587篇 |
2009年 | 3265篇 |
2008年 | 2497篇 |
2007年 | 2346篇 |
2006年 | 2200篇 |
2005年 | 5725篇 |
2004年 | 5021篇 |
2003年 | 3225篇 |
2002年 | 1464篇 |
2001年 | 1046篇 |
2000年 | 789篇 |
1999年 | 820篇 |
1998年 | 635篇 |
1997年 | 554篇 |
1996年 | 579篇 |
1995年 | 471篇 |
1994年 | 458篇 |
1993年 | 329篇 |
1992年 | 453篇 |
1991年 | 414篇 |
1990年 | 324篇 |
1989年 | 245篇 |
1988年 | 229篇 |
1987年 | 163篇 |
1986年 | 142篇 |
1985年 | 125篇 |
1984年 | 88篇 |
1983年 | 75篇 |
1982年 | 58篇 |
1981年 | 48篇 |
1980年 | 44篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1976年 | 84篇 |
1975年 | 44篇 |
1974年 | 46篇 |
1973年 | 54篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
101.
By introducing an imaginary space transform curvature ρs, a complex space called Riemannian space is constructed, in which the light propagating in free space has the trajectory
of straight line while propagating. Moreover, this curvature couples with that of the wave front of the paraxial beam ρw, and therefore a complex curvature ρc is constructed, which can be employed to investigate the behavior of the light transmission and to generalize the ABCD law.
Project supported by the National Hi-Tech Inertial Confinement Fusion Committee, the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation
the Postdoctoral Foundation of Guangdong and National Postdoctoral Foundation of China. 相似文献
102.
Diming Lu 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》1998,41(2):139-146
Let (H,R) be a triangular Hopf algebra. The monoidal functors on the category of representations ofH is studied, and a universal quantum commutative algebraSeR(M) and a dual H°-comoduleM° for any H-moduleM with an integrale are constructed. Both constructions given here have tensor isomorphism properties.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
103.
104.
用传统的预测效度估计法估计高考预测效度,其估计值往往偏低。为此,本文应用回归分析中混合估计理论提出了高考预测效度的混合估计。这种估计是预测效度的无偏估计,并解决了预测效度估计值偏低的问题。 相似文献
105.
P E S?rensen R A McClelland R D Gandour 《Acta chemica Scandinavica (Copenhagen, Denmark : 1989)》1991,45(6):558-566
The ring-chain tautomerism in aqueous solution of some aryl-substituted morpholinium salts (bromides), has been studied and equilibrium constants are reported. In the crystals the substrates exist entirely in their cyclic forms as hemiacetals, but in aqueous solution NMR measurements reveal that an equilibrium is established between the cyclic (hemiacetal) and the noncyclic (ketone) form, the degree of ring-opening being more pronounced with electron-donating aryl substituents at the carbonyl carbon. The kinetics of the ring-chain interconversion in water has been investigated spectrophotometrically by a 'pH jump' stopped-flow technique. General base catalysis is observed with a Br?nsted beta value apparently independent of substituent and equal to 0.60. The Hammett rho values for various base catalysts are close to those for very similar intermolecular reactions involving hemiacetal breakdown, leading to the suggestion of a 'normal' class n mechanism for base catalysis. For acid catalysis, however, a quite different situation is encountered, since no general acid but only (weak) catalysis by the hydronium ion can be detected. We believe this deviation from 'normal' general acid catalysis is caused by an electrostatic interaction, and we suggest that it might result from a change in the usual class e mechanism for general acid catalysis by a situation in which rate-limiting concerted proton transfer is replaced by rate-limiting preprotonation. This is supported by the observed drastic change in Hammett rho value for catalysis by the hydronium ion, compared with the 'normal' case. An interesting case is encountered for the 4-aminophenyl-substituted substrate, in which the amino group becomes protonated in acid solution, thus representing a new substituent. Despite this complication, the various equilibrium and rate constants may also be evaluated experimentally for this substrate. 相似文献
106.
The relationship between the four components, (1) fluorescence intensity, (2) arsenic concentration, (3) pH and (4) total dissolved solids, (TDS) measured in well waters from areas in Taiwan where blackfoot disease (BFD) is endemic was studied, as well as the relationships between the four degrees of BFD and each of the above four symptomatic components, in order to evaluate the etiological factors of BFD more progressively. The following 95% confidence intervals were obtained in well water samples (n = 1189): fluorescence intensity, 26.837–32.570; arsenic concentration, 0.103–0.127 mg dm?3; pH, 7.466–7.519; and TDS 733.063–801.647 mg dm?3. Fluorescence intensities of the four degrees of BFD were not all the same (F = 64.54, P < 0.001), and nor were arsenic concentrations (F = 72.03, P < 0.001), pH values (F = 7.30, P < 0.001), nor TDS values (F = 10.76, P < 0.001). In addition, multiple comparisons indicate that the higher the epidemical degree, the higher the fluorescence intensities, arsenic concentrations and pH values become; however, such a relationship is not found for TDS values. Moreover, the fluorescence intensities have positive linear correlations with arsenic concentrations (r = 0.49, P < 0.001), pH (r = 0.25, P < 0.001), and TDS (r = 0.18, P < 0.001), as do the arsenic concentrations with pH (r = 0.22, P < 0.001). Of the four epidemical degree groups, pairs are not significantly different from one another in correlation coefficients between fluorescence intensity and arsenic concentration, which implies a steady relationship between fluorescent compounds and arsenic. We conclude that fluorescent compounds in well water, as possible etiological factors of BFD, are closely related to arsenic along with pH and TDS values in the areas where BFD is endemic. In addition, we infer that a complex is formed by fluorescent compounds, arsenic and other metals. 相似文献
107.
微微秒自动调谐参量激光的研究 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
采用一对MgO:LiNbO_3角度调谐覆盖了红近外波段0.7~2.2μm,并配以自动波长扫描。文中分析了影响脉冲宽度与线宽的因素,与实验结果相吻合。脉宽<30ps,线宽~1nm(简并波长附近~10nm),单脉冲峰功率达MW级,参量光总能量转换效率达5.4%。 相似文献
108.
109.
F. Cannata J. P. Dedonder L. Le?niak 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1992,343(4):451-460
We investigate the origin of the attraction in theK¯K channel around the threshold by introducing an additional channel to theππ andK¯K channels in a separable potential formalism assuming, in general, no direct interaction in theK¯K channel. To reproduce the features of the data, we find that the threshold of the additional channel is much above thef 0(975) meson position. We show that this three-channel problem can be reduced to an effective two-channel problem where thef 0(975) behaves as if it were aK¯K molecule bound by the coupling to the exotic channel. This picture is also supported by the fact that a single pole only, in the complexK¯K momentum plane, is associated to thef 0(975) meson. Various physical observables, like the decay branching ratio and theK¯K scattering length, are then discussed in an effective two-channel framework. 相似文献
110.
稳态锁模产生4ps激光脉冲 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首次利用GaAs光电导开关,控制Nd:YLF激光器腔内Q值,实现稳态锁模,获得脉宽和能量稳定性极高的4ps激光脉冲。 相似文献