基于可信基站和HASH函数的WSN密钥管理方案

针对现有的基于二元多项式或q-composite的密钥管理方案存在的被捕获率高和网络连通率低的缺点,提出了一种基于可信基站产生三元多项式密钥和HASH函数的WSN密钥管理方案;首先,采用层次型分簇路由协议将整个WSN监测区域划分为簇,然后,由可信基站产生三元多项式密钥,并将其分配给簇头,当任意两簇头之间共享的多项式密钥超过q时可以进行通信,并通过HASH函数来生成对应的通信密钥,有效地隐藏了节点的部分密钥信息;理论研究和仿真试验结果表明:文中方法能有效地实现网络的密钥管理,较其他方法相比,具有网络连通率高和抗捕获能力强的优点,具有一定的优越性。     

Superconductivity in ropes of single-walled carbon nanotubes

We report measurements on ropes of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in low-resistance contact to nonsuperconducting (normal) metallic pads, at low voltage and at temperatures down to 70 mK. In one sample, we find a 2 orders of magnitude resistance drop below 0.55 K, which is destroyed by a magnetic field of the order of 1 T, or by a dc current greater than 2.5 microA. These features strongly suggest the existence of superconductivity in ropes of SWNT.     

固体核磁共振定量表征方法及其在高分子结构研究中的应用

高分子材料拥有众多优良的特性,使其广泛应用于现代社会的生产、生活及高新科技等领域。对于高分子特性的研究离不开微观物理、化学结构的定量表征。在众多表征高分子结构定量信息的实验技术中,固体核磁共振（SSNMR）发挥着重要的作用。它可以定量表征高分子的化学结构、材料体系的相成分及共混组分等,从而实现了难溶高分子产物的结构鉴定,以及高分子微观物理、化学结构关联材料性能的研究。然而,传统的SSNMR定量方法（直接激发法,DD）往往需要耗费十几个小时甚至数天的实验时间。交叉极化方法（CP）虽然大大缩短了实验时间,却往往无法提供定量的信息。基于此,研究者们提出了多个定量CP的实验方法,同时满足了方法定量性和实验耗时短的需求。本文综述了传统SSNMR定量方法及几种定量的CP方法,简单介绍了每个方法的基本原理,并平行阐述了实验方法的应用范围及特点,通过部分实例展示了SSNMR定量方法在高分子材料领域的应用价值,为研究者研发新型的高分子材料提供可靠并有效的结构表征手段。     

Two New Cytotoxic Alkaloids from Mappianthus iodoides Hand.‐Mazz.

Two new alkaloids, mappine A ( 1 ) and mapposidic acid ( 2 ), together with eleven known compounds, were isolated from the stems of Mappianthus iodoides Hand.‐Mazz. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic and mass‐spectrometric analyses, particularly 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxic activities of the two new alkaloids were also evaluated.     

One‐dimensional CuII coordination polymers containing C2h‐symmetric 1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate linkers

Two new one‐dimensional Cu^II coordination polymers (CPs) containing the C_2h‐symmetric terphenyl‐based dicarboxylate linker 1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate (3,3′‐TPDC), namely catena‐poly[[bis(dimethylamine‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁴O,O′:O′′:O′′′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C₂₀H₁₂O₄)(C₂H₇N)₂]·H₂O}_n, (I), and catena‐poly[[aquabis(dimethylamine‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ²O³:O^3′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C₂₀H₁₂O₄)(C₂H₇N)₂(H₂O)]·H₂O}_n, (II), were both obtained from two different methods of preparation: one reaction was performed in the presence of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a potential pillar ligand and the other was carried out in the absence of the DABCO pillar. Both reactions afforded crystals of different colours, i.e. violet plates for (I) and blue needles for (II), both of which were analysed by X‐ray crystallography. The 3,3′‐TPDC bridging ligands coordinate the Cu^II ions in asymmetric chelating modes in (I) and in monodenate binding modes in (II), forming one‐dimensional chains in each case. Both coordination polymers contain two coordinated dimethylamine ligands in mutually trans positions, and there is an additional aqua ligand in (II). The solvent water molecules are involved in hydrogen bonds between the one‐dimensional coordination polymer chains, forming a two‐dimensional network in (I) and a three‐dimensional network in (II).     

Research on mechanical and dielectric properties of XLPE cable under accelerated electrical‐thermal aging

Research into the electrical‐thermal aging properties of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable has great significance, because of its wide application. This study conducted accelerated electrical‐thermal aging tests on 10‐kV XLPE cable in order to assess the cable's mechanical and dielectric properties. After being aged by applying 34.8‐kV AC voltage at the four temperatures of 90, 103, 114, and 135°C, the cable samples were taken out in five stages according to the aging time and cut into slices. The slices were conducted experiments to test the breaking elongation, tensile strength, gel content, breakdown voltage, and frequency spectrums of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss. The results demonstrate that the mechanical strength and gel content of XLPE vary greatly under different aging temperatures, a finding that is associated with the crystallization characteristics of the material. The breakdown voltage shows a slight decreasing trend with aging time. The dielectric constant decreases with aging time in high‐frequency areas (10³–10⁶ Hz), while the dielectric loss factor increases with aging time at low frequencies (10^?2–0 Hz). These two parameters can be used to characterize the degree of aging in cable. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

行星际日冕物质抛射引起福布斯下降的一维随机微分模拟

福布斯下降(Forbush decrease,FD)是银河宇宙线(galactic cosmic rays,GCRs)受短期剧烈太阳活动调制的重要现象之一.本文设GCRs进入由行星际日冕物质抛射(interplanetary coronal mass ejection,ICME)及其前沿激波共同形成的扰动区时,其径向扩散系数κ_(rr)受抑制变为μ(r)·κ_(rr)(0μ(r)1),且抑制强度与粒子位置处的太阳风等离子体速度正相关.对任意时刻的扰动区,抑制系数μ(r)在激波处最小为μ(r_(sh)),并按指数规律增大,在ICME尾部归一.CME爆发时,μ(r_(sh))取全局最小值μm.在扰动区向日球层外传播的过程中,μ(r_(sh))逐步恢复为1.在此基础上,根据GOES和ACE卫星观测确定模型参数,用一维随机微分方程描述GCRs在日球层内的传播,并采用倒向随机方法模拟了一个由独立Halo ICME调制GCRs引起的2005年5月15日FD事件.计算所得地面中子通量的主相、恢复相及其在CME到达地球前的增加过程,均与Oulu中子探测器观测结果一致.     

Influencing factors of microscanning performance based on flat optical component

To decrease the performance difference between the actual microscanning thermal imager and the theoretical value, a germanium lens (placed at a certain angle between the infrared focal plane array and infrared lens) dip angle model of flat optical component microscanning is introduced in this letter. The model is the basis for choosing the dip angle of the germanium lens, which is used in the microscanning thermal imager. In addition, the actual dip angle of the germanium lens is chosen according to the model, the infrared lens parameters of the thermal imager, and the germanium lens parameters of manufacture and installation. Only in this manner can the optimal performance of the microscanning thermal imager based on the flat optical component be obtained. Results of the experiments confirm the accuracy of the conclusions above.