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251.
综述了CO2在高分子合成中的研究现状,介绍了以CO2为原料合成高分子的经典方法和新型等离子体聚合法,在此基础上对CO2在高分子材料领域中的应用作了展望。  相似文献   
252.
以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为单体,在水与丙酮混合溶剂中通过沉淀聚合一步法制备了富含胺基的聚脲多孔材料(PPU),通过扫描电镜和压汞法对其表面形貌和孔结构进行了表征.PPU经戊二醛(GA)活化后用于荧光假单胞菌脂肪酶(PFL)的固定,考察了GA活化过程中GA浓度对酶固定量及固定酶活性的影响.结果表明,PPU是一种粒子尺寸分布在30~50μm范围的形状不规则的多孔粒子,孔径在2 nm~100μm之间呈连续分布.在pH=8.0的缓冲溶液中用0.17 mol/L的GA对PPU进行改性,将改性后的PPU用于PFL的固定,当酶溶液浓度为2.56 mg/m L时,得到酶的最大固定量为95.2 mg/g,固定酶的活性为375 U/mg,相对活性为76%.将此固定酶作为催化剂,用于1-苯乙醇外消旋化合物的手性拆分,并与游离酶催化的结果相比较.结果表明,固定酶的反应活性和立体选择性都明显优于游离酶.通过沉淀聚合制备的聚脲多孔材料在酶固定及手性分子拆分方面具有应用前景.  相似文献   
253.
浙江大学海外教师主导的研究生全英文课程建设项目于2013年开始进行建设,高分子科学与工程学系借此契机,在原研究生课程《高分子材料表面与界面》的基础上,邀请德国海德堡大学M.Grunze教授进行全英文教学。本课程旨在建设与国际接轨的,具有基础性、前沿性、交叉性且受益面广的全英文课程,提高高分子专业研究生的专业水平,扩大学生知识面,提高英语交流水平,同时培养一支具有国际化教学能力的中青年师资队伍。本文就该课程三年建设期以来的教学内容形式、课堂管理、学生学习体验等方面进行了总结,并针对研究生学习过程中存在的问题,结合当前我国研究生的基本现状,提出了一系列教学经验。  相似文献   
254.
以交联密度不同的同类轮胎胎面胶A1和A2为研究对象,通过动态拉伸实验得到储能模量及损耗模量随频率变化的曲线.建立了黏弹性广义Maxwell模型来定量分析不同温度的橡胶在不同频率的动态载荷下的能量损耗.采用非线性规划的方法分别在低频(10~25 Hz)及高频(25~60 Hz)下拟合模量-频率曲线,得到黏弹性广义Maxwell模型的参数值.采用有限元软件Abaqus模拟胎面胶动态拉伸过程并计算胎面胶的损耗角正切,得到不同温度下胎面胶的损耗角正切随激振频率的变化规律,通过和实验结果的比较证明文中所述黏弹性广义Maxwell模型及其参数获取方法可准确应用于胎面胶的动态拉伸性能分析.预测了在不同温度及频率下每一循环载荷周期中胎面胶的应力-应变迟滞回线以及单位体积胶料的能量损耗,阐释了不同温度下的胎面胶的能量损耗随频率的变化规律,同时结合2种胎面胶的交联密度测试数据分析了胶料的构效关系.  相似文献   
255.
建立搅拌萃取–分光光度法快速检测水环境中阴离子表面活性剂的含量。用三氯甲烷以800~1 200 r/min搅拌萃取水样与亚甲蓝溶液合成的活性物质,搅拌时间为2 min,静置分层后经脱脂棉过滤,待测。阴离子表面活性剂质量浓度在0.050~0.500 mg/L范围内与吸光度线性良好,相关系数大于0.999 0,方法检出限为0.010 mg/L。选择饮用水源水、农村地下水、湖泊水、城市河道水作为研究对象,平行检测结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.9%~6.5%(n=6),加标回收率为91.3%~110%;对标准物质检测结果的相对误差为–2.3%~3.5%,满足实验室分析质量控制要求和现行地表水、地下水质量标准的评价要求。该方法与国标检测方法相比,在准确度、精密度、灵敏度、分析效率及试剂用量方面均有明显优势,具有推广应用价值。  相似文献   
256.
257.
A series of dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes with similar hydrazone ligands have been prepared, specifically [MoO2L1(MeOH)] (1), [MoO2L2(MeOH)] (2) and [MoO2L3(MeOH)] (3), where L1, L2 and L3 are the dianionic forms of 2-chloro-N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide, 2-chloro-N′-(2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzylidene)benzohydrazide and N′-(3-bromo-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-chlorobenzohydrazide, respectively. The complexes were characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods and also by single-crystal X-ray determination. The hydrazone ligands coordinate to the Mo atoms through their phenolate O, imine N and enolic O atoms. The Mo atoms are six-coordinated in octahedral geometries. The complexes show high catalytic activities and selectivities in the epoxidation of cyclohexene with tert-butylhydroperoxide as primary oxidant.  相似文献   
258.
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteome profiling is essential for molecular diagnostics in modern biomedical study. To date, sample preparation including protein extraction and proteolysis is still very challenging and lack of efficiency. Recently tips-based sample preparation protocols exhibit strong potentials to achieve the goal of “a proteome in an hour”. However, in-tip proteolysis is still rarely reported and far from ideal for dealing with complex bio-samples. In this work, nanoreactors encapsulated micropipette tips were demonstrated as high performance devices for fast (∼minutes) and multiplexing proteolysis to assist the profiling of cancer cells proteome. Nanoporous silica materials with controlled pore size and surface chemistry were prepared as nanoreactors and encapsulated in micropipette tips for efficient in situ proteolysis. The as-constructed device showed desirable sensitivity (LOD of 0.204 ± 0.008 ng/μL and LOQ of 0.937 ± 0.055 ng/μL), selectivity, stability (two months under −20 °C), reusability (at least 10 times), and little memory effect in MS based bottom-up proteomic analysis. It was used for comprehensive protein mapping from cancer cell lines. The number of identified proteins was increased by 18%, 22%, 52%, and 52% dealing with HepG2, F56, MCF7, and HCCLM3 cancer cells, compared to traditional in-solution proteolysis based bottom-up proteomic strategy. With the enhanced performance, our work built a novel, efficient and miniaturized platform for facile proteomic sample preparation, which is promising for advanced biomarkers discovery in biomedical study.  相似文献   
259.
Tin (Sn) has been considered as an attractive anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity (847 mAh g?1). Nevertheless, its low conductivity and large volume change during cycling essentially prevent the possibility of high capacity and long-term cycle for SIBs. In this work, Sn nanoparticles are well embedded into the highly ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) matrix (Sn@CMK-3) using a facile sonochemical method combined with heat treatment. The resultant Sn@CMK-3 nanohybrid electrode delivers an initial charge capacity of 412 mAh g?1 at 100 mA g?1. A reversible capacity of 337 mAh g?1 is obtained after 200 cycles, indicating the good cycle stability of the nanohybrid structure. The electrode also shows a potential rate capability, which maintains a capacity of 228 mAh g?1 at 1000 mA g?1. When the current density returns to 50 mA g?1, the capacity goes back to 381 mAh g?1, with a capacity retention of 86.9%. The enhanced sodium storage performance of Sn@CMK-3 nanohybrid can be related to the synergistic effect between CMK-3 and Sn.
Graphical abstract Sn@CMK-3 nanohybrid with Sn nanoparticles uniformly distributed into the highly ordered mesoporous carbon matrix exhibited good cycling performance and rate capability.
  相似文献   
260.
Etherification of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) with three kinds of quaternary ammonium salts epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐dodecyl‐N‐(1,2‐epoxypropyl) ammonium chloride (DMDEPAC), and N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐octadecyl‐N‐(1,2‐epoxypropyl) ammonium chloride (DMOEPAC) was successfully performed via a nucleophilic addition reaction. The synthesized DMDEPAC and DMOEPAC were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. The modified NCC particles, NCC epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, NCC‐DMDEPAC, and NCC‐DMOEPAC, were characterized by energy dispersive spectrometer. Nanocomposite films based on chitosan (CS) containing quaternary ammonium salts modified NCC were prepared with nanoparticle loadings of 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0%, respectively. The effect of nanoparticle content on the tensile strength of composite films was studied. The results indicated that the films with 5.0% nanoparticle loading exhibited the biggest increase in tensile strength. Surface morphology, smoothness, and antibacterial properties of composite films containing 5% modified NCC were also studied. CS/NCC‐DMDEPAC‐5.0 and CS/NCC‐DMOEPAC‐5.0 displayed excellent biocidal abilities against both Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Gram‐negative Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43895). The bio‐based nanocomposite films with increased mechanical strength and excellent antibacterial properties show great potential as food packaging materials. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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