Enhanced Survivin siRNA Delivery Using Cationic Liposome Incorporating Fatty Acid-modified Polyethylenimine

We described a novel approach for survivin siRNA cellular delivery via a cationic liposome incorporating fatty acid-modified polyethylenimine. A linoleic acid derivative of branched polyethylenimine(PEI, M_w=25 kDa), PEI-LA, was synthesized and incorporated into the liposome. The properties of the liposome, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake of cancer cells for survivin siRNA, survivin protein downregulation levels were investigated. PEI-modified liposome showed a lower cytotoxicity and delivered survivin siRNA into HeLa cells and A549 cells efficiently compared with PEI-25kDa.     

New Insight into Competition between Decomposition Pathways of Hydroperoxymethyl Formate in Low Temperature DME Oxidation

Hydroperoxymethyl formate is a crucial intermediate formed during the low-temperature oxidation of dimethyl ether. The decomposition pathways of HOOCH₂OCHO were calculated at QCISD(T)/CBS//B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. The temperature- and pressure-dependent rate constants are computed using microcanonical variational transition state theory coupled with the RRKM/master equation calculations. The calculations show that a pathway leads to the formation of formic acid and a Criegee intermediate does exist, besides the direct dissociation channel to OH and OCH₂OCHO radicals. However, formation of the Criegee intermediate has never been considered as an intermediate in dimethyl ether combustion before. The computed rate constants indicate that the newly confirmed pathway is competitive to the direct dissociation route and it is promising to reduce the low-temperature oxidation reactivity. Also electronic effect of groups, e.g. -CHO and O atom, is taken into account. Moreover, Hirshfeld atomic charge and natural bond order analysis are performed to explain this phenomenon from a perspective of chemical nature.     

生长条件对AlGaN/GaN HEMT势垒层表面形貌及二维电子气迁移率的影响

使用金属有机化学气相沉积法生长了AlGN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管.研究了生长压力和载气组分对AlGaN势垒层及AlGaN高电子迁移率晶体管二维电子气迁移率的影响.原子力显微镜(AFM)光谱和SEM-EDS用于表征外延层的质量.结果表明随着反应室压力从50torr提高到200torr,AlGaN势垒层的表面形貌先变好,随后开始变差.在反应室压力100torr情况下得到最好的表面形貌.同时发现在生长AlGaN势垒层时,同时适当的氢气会提高AlGaN层的质量.在反应室压力100torr、氢气组分59;时得到AlGaNHEMT的最大二维电子气迁移率为1545 cm2/V·s.     

稳定分层流密度界面处湍流混合与分形结构

采用室内混合箱研究稳定分层流(上层淡水、下层盐水) 无剪切密度界面处的湍流混合与分形结构. 湍流通过浸没在盐水层中的振动格栅产生, 密度界面结构通过在盐水层中添加荧光剂或染料可视化, 共进行12 组实验. 实验观测并记录了:(1) 淡、盐水密度界面距混合箱底部的平均高程(h);(2) 淡、盐水层的密度(ρ₀,ρ), (3) 淡、盐水密度界面. 其中, 淡、盐水密度界面通过照片、录像进行记录. 观测结果用于计算:(1) 盐水层密度;(2) 卷挟速度, (3) 整体理查孙数(Ri_o), (4) 二维、三维密度界面, (5) 二维、三维密度界面的分形维度. 结果分析发现:(1) 湍流卷挟率随Rio 增大而减小, 并且满足Ri_o的-3=2 或-7=4 幂律;表明随着湍流强度的减弱, 混合的速度也越来越缓慢;(2) 二维密度界面分形维度大于1, 三维密度界面分形维度大于2;表明二维、三维密度界面存在分形结构;(3) 分形维度随Ri_o的增大而减小;表明随着湍流强度的减弱, 密度界面也越来越趋于光滑.      

豚鼠内耳前庭-半规管生物力学模型研究

人体维持平衡主要依靠前庭、视觉及本体感觉3个系统的相互协调来完成,其中前庭系统最为重要.因其结构细微且位置深在,传统方法难以满足现代前庭医学定位、定性、定量的研究需要,而生物数值模拟研究方法在现代耳科学研究中优势显著.建立精准的生物数值模型是其重点之一.本研究通过连续组织切片技术获取豚鼠内耳膜性结构的二维解剖数据,进一步建立同时包括前庭和3个半规管的宏观三维生物数值模型,其空间结构特征及尺寸与解剖学观察一致;数值模拟临床医学冷热实验,量化描述了不同环境温度激励下半规管内壶腹嵴顶位移、速度和压强等参数随时间变化的生物力学特征,其与临床观察到的眼震结果一致.总之,通过连续组织切片技术获取内耳膜性结构二维解剖数据并据此建立内耳三维生物数值模型的研究方法可行,所建立的生物模型可满足前庭-半规管平衡功能定位、定性、定量的研究需要.      

New Strategy Targeting Well‐Defined Polymethylene‐block‐Polystyrene Copolymers: The Combination of Living Polymerization of Ylides and Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Well‐defined polymethylene‐block‐polystyrene (PM‐b‐PS) diblock copolymers were synthesized via a combination of living polymerization of ylides and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene. A series of hydroxyl‐terminated polymethylenes (PM‐OHs) with different molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution were prepared using living polymerization of ylides following efficient oxidation in a quantitive functionality. Then, the macroinitiators (PM‐MIs ( = 1 900–15 000; PDI = 1.12–1.23)) transformed from PM‐OHs in ≈ 100% conversion initiated ATRPs of styrene to construct PM‐b‐PS copolymers. The GPC traces indicated the successful extension of PS segment ( of PM‐b‐PS = 5 000–41 800; PDI = 1.08–1.23). Such copolymers were characterized by ¹H NMR and DSC.

     

空间目标探测与识别的波段选择

介绍了根据目标的反射率实验测量和大气光谱特征对大气层外目标进行探测的波段选择方法.测量出样品及标准板的反射光强度,计算出样品的光谱反射率,在考虑空间目标自身的辐射强度、光谱反射率、背景大气的辐射亮度、目标-背景对比度、不同波段斜程透过率等诸多因素后进行波段选择.利用MODTRAN大气传输模型计算了目标亮度、背景大气的辐射亮度、对比度以及不同波段斜程透过率的典型光谱特征、并进行光谱特征分析,综合考虑目标的视亮度以及对比度,结果表明0.76～0.90 μm是包覆黄色镀铝聚酯薄膜的目标最佳探测波段,0.52～0.60 μm是包覆银色镀铝聚酯薄膜的目标最佳探测波段.     

Effect of cooling rate on microstructural formation and hardness of 30CrNi3Mo steel

The variation of microstructural formation and the hardness of the 30CrNi3Mo steel were systematically explored as a function of applied cooling rates in the range of 1–500°C/min. According to the measured Rockwell hardness results, four characteristic stages could be separated as different ranges of cooling rates, which corresponds well with the microstructural evolution observed. With the applied cooling rate increasing, the transformed structure evolves from granular bainite, lower bainite, self-tempered martensite, to finally martensite without self-tempering. Among them, the self-tempered martensite, obtained in the transformed specimens cooled with rates of 25–80°C/min, exhibits the highest hardness values due to the precipitation of fine carbides within it.     

离焦量对空气中激光诱导铜等离子体光谱特性的影响

利用Nd: YAG脉冲激光在空气中烧蚀金属Cu靶,获得等离子体光谱;采用改变离焦量的方法,研究了离焦量的变化对谱线结构及谱线强度的影响;分析了离焦量分别为1mm、0mm和-2mm时,沿靶面法线方向不同空间距离处电子温度的演化规律;并对等离子体光谱的特性和产生机制进行了讨论. 结果表明,谱线结构、谱线强度和等离子体的电子温度都与离焦量的变化密切相关,聚焦点在-2mm处CuⅠ谱线相对强度出现峰值,电子温度数值最大;聚焦点在-0.5mm和-1.0mm附近谱线相对强度遽然降低的现象是由于等离子体的屏蔽效应造成的.     

基于ARM技术的嵌入式OCT成像系统研究

分析了光谱光学相干层成像的基本原理,并基于ARM9内核的嵌入式微处理器S3C2443和当前主流嵌入式的WINCE实时多任务操作系统,提出了一套用于检测人体胃肠道病变的光谱光学相干层内窥成像系统的研制方案。从硬件和软件两个方面,详细介绍了系统的搭建过程,给出了整个系统框架图和软件运行流程图,并通过旋转扫描实验获得三层盖玻片的实物图,实验结果表明该嵌入式光学相干层成像系统是可行的。