Efficient soluble polymer-supported sharpless alkene epoxidation catalysts

High chemical yields and good enantiomeric excesses are obtained by using soluble polymer-supported tartrate ester in the epoxidation of trans-hex-2-en-1-ol using Ti(OPri)4/tert-butyl hydroperoxide.     

Asymmetric Ni(II)/Cr(II)-mediated coupling reaction: stoichiometric process

[reaction: see text] Via an X-ray analysis, the sulfonamide bearing R(1) = i-Pr, R(2) = Me, and R(3) = Me is shown to be a tridentate ligand to a Cr(III) salt. This class of ligands, represented by R(1) = t-Bu, R(2) = 2-naphthyl, and R(3) = Me, is effective to achieve an asymmetric Ni/Cr-mediated coupling reaction and, with the C14-C38 segment of halichondrins, its synthetic potential has been demonstrated. A possible mechanism is suggested for the process.     

Palladium-catalyzed tandem cyclization of allenyl-aldehydes and -ketones with aryl iodides and Bu3SnSnBu3

[reaction: see text] The arylative cyclization of allenyl-aldehydes with aryl iodides and hexa-n-butyldistannane to form substituted cyclopentanols and cyclohexanols by tandem palladium-catalyzed carbostannylation and allylation was achieved under mild conditions.     

CP violation in neutrino oscillation and leptogenesis

We study the correlation between CP violation in neutrino oscillations and leptogenesis in the framework with two heavy Majorana neutrinos and three light neutrinos. Among three unremovable CP phases, a heavy Majorana phase contributes to leptogenesis. We show how the heavy Majorana phase contributes to Jarlskog determinant J as well as neutrinoless double beta decay by identifying a low energy CP-violating phase which signals the CP-violating phase for leptogenesis. For some specific cases of the Dirac mass term of neutrinos, a direct relation between lepton number asymmetry and J is obtained. We also study the effect coming from the phases which are not related to leptogenesis.     

A high statistics measurement of the Lambda(+)(c) lifetime

A high statistics measurement of the Lambda(+)(c) lifetime from the Fermilab fixed-target FOCUS photoproduction experiment is presented. We describe the analysis technique with particular attention to the determination of the systematic uncertainty. The measured value of 204.6 +/- 3.4 (stat) +/- 2.5 (syst) fs from 8034 +/- 122 Lambda(+)(c)-->pK(-)pi(+) decays represents a significant improvement over the present world average.     

Measurements of the cross section for e(+)e(-) --> hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 2 to 5 GeV

We report values of R = sigma(e(+)e(-)-->hadrons)/sigma(e(+)e(-)-->mu(+)mu(-)) for 85 center-of-mass energies between 2 and 5 GeV measured with the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider.     

噪音对光学图象浑沌相位列阵加密和解密的影响

本文提出了一种用浑沌相位列阵对光学图象加密和解密的方法,并重点分析了加法高斯白噪音对光学图象浑沌相位列阵加密和解密的影响.通过计算机模拟发现加密后的图象与原图象相比,抗振幅噪音的能力增强,而抗相位噪音的能力下降.在一定信噪比范围内,相位噪音是影响解密图象质量的主要因素.     

Simulation of plasma flow in toroidal solenoid filters

An improved drift approximation model with an added radial electrostatic field has been successfully developed. Our model provides a computationally efficient way of quantitatively describing the plasma motion and predicting the plasma behavior in the toroidal solenoid in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) system. Storer's (1989) experimental results have been successfully simulated by this model. A good quantitative fit is obtained for our simulation results to the measured ion currents versus distance along the torus for various B field strengths, the attenuation length, and the wall current. The model describes the change of plasma density along the torus and provides the value of the electron-ion collision frequency at various conditions. The effect of the magnetic field and radial electric field on the plasma transportation can be assessed by the simulation and various plasma parameters can be determined. It is found that the radial electric field confines the 3-directional drift of the ions and is one of the most important parameters in determining the ion throughput. For any given B field strength and plasma parameters, there is a peak ion output corresponding to an optimal potential difference which can be obtained by the simulation. Over three times more ion output can be achieved when the torus wall is appropriately biased