Quantum anomalous Hall effect and related topological electronic states

Over a long period of exploration, the successful observation of quantized version of anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in thin film of magnetically doped topological insulator (TI) completed a quantum Hall trio—quantum Hall effect (QHE), quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE), and quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE). On the theoretical front, it was understood that the intrinsic AHE is related to Berry curvature and U(1) gauge field in momentum space. This understanding established connection between the QAHE and the topological properties of electronic structures characterized by the Chern number. With the time-reversal symmetry (TRS) broken by magnetization, a QAHE system carries dissipationless charge current at edges, similar to the QHE where an external magnetic field is necessary. The QAHE and corresponding Chern insulators are also closely related to other topological electronic states, such as TIs and topological semimetals, which have been extensively studied recently and have been known to exist in various compounds. First-principles electronic structure calculations play important roles not only for the understanding of fundamental physics in this field, but also towards the prediction and realization of realistic compounds. In this article, a theoretical review on the Berry phase mechanism and related topological electronic states in terms of various topological invariants will be given with focus on the QAHE and Chern insulators. We will introduce the Wilson loop method and the band inversion mechanism for the selection and design of topological materials, and discuss the predictive power of first-principles calculations. Finally, remaining issues, challenges and possible applications for future investigations in the field will be addressed.     

Effect of β-Nucleating Agent on the Crystallization,Mechanical Properties,and Heat Resistance of Injection-Molded Isotactic Polypropylene

Injection-molded β-isotactic polypropylene (β-iPP) was prepared with a commercial β-nucleating agent (NT-A). The effect of NT-A on the crystallization, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of β-iPP was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and mechanical and heat deflection tests. DSC and WAXD analysis showed that the content of β-crystals in the nucleated iPP was higher than that of pure iPP, and the content of β-crystals of the core was higher than that of the skin. PLM observations showed that injection-molded iPP had an obvious skin-core structure. NT-A induced abundant β-crystals and resulted in small spherulites which improved the Izod notched impact strength. When the content of NT-A was 0.075wt%, the Izod notched impact strength reached a maximum, 2.6 times more than that of pure iPP. The heat distortion temperature was also improved by NT-A.     

用概率断裂力学方法预测管状接头的疲劳寿命

本文研究了Ｔ型管状接头在面内和面外弯曲循环载荷作用下的疲劳强度问题，通过将材料常数和初始裂纹尺寸作为随机变量，采用ＭｏｎＣａｒｌｏ模拟方法对疲劳寿命进行了统计分析．同时，对计算结果进行了线性回归，并与实验结果作了比较。     

THE ESTIMATION OF PRIOR FROM FISHER INFORMATION

ＴＨＥＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＰＲＩＯＲＦＲＯＭＦＩＳＨＥＲＩＮＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮ￥ＬＩＹＵＡＮＺＨＡＮＧ；Ｋ．Ｍ．ＬＡＬＳＡＸＥＮＡＡＮＤＱＩＡＮＧＷＥＮＪＩＵＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＩｎＢａｙｅｓｉａｎａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ，ｔｈｅｍａｘｉｍｕｍｅｎｔｒｏｐ...     

暗腹雪鸡细胞色素b基因的克隆及其在雉科中亲缘关系的分析

用聚合酶链式反应克隆暗腹雪鸡(Tetraogallus himalayensis)Cyt b基因,首次报道该基因的全长序列(1143bp AY678108),并与雉科中其他19个属的Cyt b基因进行同源性比较,分析了碱基组成和变异情况.用邻接法、最大简约法和最大拟然法构建了系统进化树,得到了基本相同的拓扑结构.结果表明雪鸡属与鹌鹑属、石鸡属的亲缘关系最近,形成单系群.雪鸡属与鹌鹑属的分歧时间为1.5～2.0百万年,与石鸡属分歧时间为1.7～2.4百万年.     

Enhanced Terahertz Phonon Polariton in Lithium Niobate Chip

Terahertz (THz) phonon polaritons, fundamental quasi-particles that couple lattice vibrations with electromagnetic fields at THz frequencies, are found in a variety of materials that offer the potential for a wide range of THz optoelectronic devices and on-chip integrated systems. However, these compact devices and on-chip systems are hampered by the absence of on-chip powerful THz phonon polariton sources. In this study, the efficient generation and amplification of THz phonon polaritons are proposed and directly visualized on a lithium niobate (LN) chip via a tilted pulsefront phase matching technique. By combining lateral pumping and phase matching schemes, two orders of magnitude are successfully attained in the interaction distance between the pump light and the LN chip, accompanied by a substantial amplification of generated THz phonon polariton. The results of this study may lead to abundant potential applications in chip scale THz photonic devices and systems based on LN materials and its integrated heterostructures.     

中国聚变工程实验堆水冷包层钢构件流道成形控制研究

针对CFETR水冷包层流道钢构件热等静压制备时易变形压塌问题,利用单轴扩散焊设备开展了焊接工艺参数优化试验。在此基础上,重新设计了流道焊接界面位置和尺寸,用两步热等静压扩散焊法制备出了流道变形可控的平板型第一壁钢构件模块。优化试验表明,低活化钢试样的固相扩散焊温度需高于950℃,焊后经过760℃/60min回火热处理试样力学性能可以得到有效回复。     

均匀磁场下碳离子笔形束的剂量变化分析及位置修正方法

分析外加均匀磁场对于碳离子笔形束剂量分布的影响,并考虑修正这种影响,为磁共振成像引导碳离子放射治疗的临床应用提供指导。本文利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算了不同能量碳离子笔形束在不同强度磁场下的剂量分布情况,发现垂直于碳离子束入射方向的均匀磁场对于碳离子笔形束射程缩短的影响很小,磁场对碳离子束的主要影响是引起束流横向偏转,特别是碳离子束布拉格峰位置的横向侧移。横向侧移程度与碳离子束的能量和磁场强度相关,根据模拟结果,得到了一个计算碳离子束布拉格峰在磁场中相对横向偏转的方程,并提出一种校正外加磁场引起的碳离子束布拉格峰横移的角度修正方法。这些结果可用于指导磁共振图像引导碳离子放射治疗计划系统的研发。     

碳离子在不同材料叶片的多叶光栅上产生的次级粒子研究

在碳离子放射治疗中,碳离子束与治疗头设备和患者身体相互作用产生的次级粒子可以到达患者体内的许多区域,在产生的次级粒子中以中子和$\gamma $射线的产额为最大。在不影响束流配送功能的情况下,减少碳离子放疗中产生的次级中子和$\gamma $射线对于降低放疗后出现的正常组织并发症及二次肿瘤风险有着非常重要的意义。本文利用蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)方法模拟计算了被动式束流配送系统下,400 MeV/u碳离子束照射到由不同材料叶片构成的多叶光栅(MLC)形成典型的10 cm×10 cm方形射野时,在水模体中产生的次级中子和$\gamma $射线所沉积的剂量及空间分布等。模拟结果显示:碳离子束通过MLC形成射野后在水模体中产生的次级中子主要分布在水模体的入射端,次级$\gamma $射线较为均匀的分布在整个水模体内,且较多分布在具有展宽Bragg峰(SOBP)射野在水模体中贯穿时的坪区。对于MLC叶片材料的选择,则需根据实际情况对叶片厚度以及次级粒子当量剂量的要求来确定。本文通过模拟研究不同MLC叶片材料产生次级粒子的情况,为被动式束流配送系统中MLC叶片及其他元件的材料选择提供了科学依据。     

窄线宽光纤激光器在1 030 nm波段实现3 kW近衍射极限输出

基于大模场面积掺镱光纤搭建了全光纤1 030 nm高功率窄线宽光纤激光主振荡功率放大系统,实现了3 004 W的最高功率输出,斜率效率69.27%,是目前报道的输出功率最高的1 030 nm波段近衍射极限光纤激光器。最高输出功率时,x,y方向的光束质量因子分别为1.169,1.174,3 dB光谱宽度为0.18 nm,放大自发辐射抑制比达到37 dB。