混浊介质中线偏振光和圆偏振光的后向漫散射特征

以标准的组织模型Intralipid脂肪乳溶液为研究对象,采用CCD偏振成像系统,通过测量该混浊介质的后向漫散射光的斯托克斯矢量,深入研究了不同方位的线偏振光及不同旋向的圆偏振光入射时,后向漫散射光的特征.研究结果表明：对不同的入射偏振态,后向漫散射强度、偏振度的空间分布具有方位选择性,强度和偏振度的大小随距离入射点的距离增加而减小;介质浓度增加,后向散射强度增加,偏振度减小,且同一浓度下,圆偏振光的偏振度总是高于线偏振光.     

格结构在晶体梳状滤波器设计中的应用

利用数字信号处理中的格滤波器理论,研究了晶体梳状滤波器的设计方法.当传输函数满足对称和功率互补时,分析指出滤波器的阶数是奇数,N阶滤波器只需要(N+1)/2个波片,且所用波片的厚度比为1∶2∶2…2或2∶2…2∶1;提出了对半带滤波器传输函数作谱分解得到光梳状滤波器传输函数的方法.在此基础上总结出根据应用要求设计晶体梳状滤波器传输函数和结构参量的方法,通过设计一个7阶滤波器,表明提出的方法设计过程简单,且设计结果符合梳状滤波特征.     

基于表面等离子体共振的水质分析系统稳定性研究

根据表面等离子体共振的原理,建立了可用于长期、实时、不间断检测的水质分析系统.为了提高系统的稳定性,对表面等离子体共振传感芯片进行了改进,利用LB法在传感芯片的金属膜表面镀制了聚苯乙烯（PS）层.利用改进前后的表面等离子体共振传感芯片分别对两种样品进行了稳定性实验研究.分析经过长时间检测前后所测得的实验数据,发现改进后的水质分析系统所测得的溶液表面等离子体共振共振角的变化为改进前系统的1/10,最小反射率改变为改进前的1/30.实验证明,经过改进的水质分析系统能更适用于长期不间断的检测分析.     

2,7-二芳基呫吨螺芴二醇衍生物的合成

以2,7-二溴-9-芴酮、间苯二酚和苯硼酸的衍生物为原料,经过环化、羟乙基化和Suzuki偶联等3步反应,设计并合成了一系列2,7-芳基呫吨螺芴二醇衍生物,通过红外光谱、核磁光谱(¹H NMR,¹³C NMR)、元素分析等表征了化合物的结构。折光率和紫外可见光谱测试结果表明：与2,7-无取代基的呫吨螺芴二乙醇衍生物相比,目标化合物具有更高的折光率(1.66～1.68)和良好的透光率,有望作为聚碳酸酯光学树脂的二醇单体,应用于光学透镜、光学膜等领域。     

正火和回火处理过程中W/Fe/RAFM钢接头W/Fe界面组织和剪切性能的演化

对热等静压(HIP)扩散焊制备的W/Fe/RAFM钢接头进行了正火和回火处理,以恢复其中RAFM钢的组织和性能.采用电子探针微分析器(EPMA)和掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)对W/Fe界面组织的演化进行了分析,采用剪切测试和扫描电镜(SEM)对接头连接性能的演化进行了测试和分析.结果表明,正火处理后,RAFM钢中的C...     

固态电解质中锂离子传输机理研究进展

固态电解质在室温下表现出非凡的离子导电性,使其有潜力应用于全固态锂离子电池.开发新的高性能固态电解质需要对锂离子传输机理及其规律进行深入研究.本文论述了近期研究中锂离子传输机理方面的研究进展,包括离子传输理论基础的概述;总结Li10GeP2S12、Li7La3Zr2O12和Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3固态电解...     

The Carboxyl Functionalized UiO-66-(COOH)2 for Selective Adsorption of Sr2+

Efficient and selective removal of ⁹⁰Sr is an important process for the safe use of nuclear energy. Herein, we investigate and assess the Sr²⁺ adsorption properties of a metal-organic framework UiO-66-(COOH)₂ functionalized by non-bonded carboxylic groups. This MOF is an exciting class of free carboxylic functionalized MOFs that combine chemical stability with gas sorption, dye elimination, and conductivity. Specifically, we show that uniformly distributed carboxyl and water stability make it accessible for loading Sr²⁺ without structural changes. The FTIR spectroscopy, PXRD analysis, XPS, and SEM-EDS studies show excellent stability as well as the strong affinity between -COOH active site and Sr²⁺. This strong coordination interaction guarantees a high adsorption capacity of 114 mg g⁻¹ within 5 h (pH 5 and 298 K). Combined kinetic and thermodynamic studies show that the surface complexation is strong chemisorption and cost-effective spontaneous process (ΔG = −5.49 kJ mol⁻¹~−2.16 kJ mol⁻¹). The fact that UiO-66-(COOH)₂ not only possesses a high adsorption capacity, but also enables selectivity to Sr²⁺ in the presence of similar radius ions Na⁺ and K⁺, prefigures its great potential for the practical treatment of radioactive Sr²⁺ in polluted water.     

微孔滤膜富集分离法测定粮食中微量元素铁

本文叙述了可溶性滤膜富集分光光度法测定粮食中微量元素铁的简便方法.在pH4.7的醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲溶液中,铁(Ⅱ)与邻二氮菲、十二烷基苯磺酸钠形成络合物,该络合物被硝化纤维微孔滤膜定量富集,富集膜能溶解在小体积的乙二醇独甲醚中,于510 nm处以空白试剂为参比测定吸光度,可提高测定的灵敏度.     

钴铁水滑石基材料在电催化析氧中的应用

析氧反应(OER)是电催化裂解水、二次金属-空气电池和可再生燃料电池等绿色可持续能源储存和转化技术中的关键步骤,但其较高的势垒和迟滞的动力学过程限制了反应的效率。因此,设计开发高效、稳定的非贵金属催化剂是新能源领域面临的挑战之一。钴铁水滑石(CoFe LDH)材料具有独特的二维层状结构、丰富多变的化学组成、高分散的金属阳离子、优异的稳定性和成本低廉等优点,在OER反应中有广泛的应用前景。但不良的导电性和有限的活性位点阻碍了CoFe LDH的工业化应用。本文首先介绍了CoFe LDH的结构并阐述了其OER反应机理,接着总结了CoFe LDH的制备工艺,并详细综述了近年来提升其OER性能的改性策略：插层剥离、空位制造、材料复合、离子取代和衍生物等。最后讨论了水滑石材料现阶段存在的问题和未来在能源转化和利用领域的发展方向。     

Rosmanol and Carnosol Synergistically Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis through Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway

Callicarpalongissima has been used as a Yao folk medicine to treat arthritis for years in China, although its active anti-arthritic moieties have not been clarified so far. In this study, two natural phenolic diterpenoids with anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effects, rosmanol and carnosol, isolated from the medicinal plant were reported on for the first time. In type II collagen-induced arthritis DBA/1 mice, both rosmanol (40 mg/kg/d) and carnosol (40 mg/kg/d) alone alleviated the RA symptoms, such as swelling, redness, and synovitis; decreased the arthritis index score; and downregulated the serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Additionally, they blocked the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Of particular interest was that when they were used in combination (20 mg/kg/d each), the anti-RA effect and inhibitory activity on the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway were significantly enhanced. The results demonstrated that rosmanol and carnosol synergistically alleviated RA by inhibiting inflammation through regulating the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway, meaning they have the potential to be developed into novel, safe natural combinations for the treatment of RA.