Experimental Evidence for a Triboluminescent Antiperovskite Ferroelectric: Tris(trimethylammonium) catena‐Tri‐μ‐chloro‐manganate(II) Tetrachloromanganate(II)

The perovskite structure is rich in ferroelectricity. In contrast, ferroelectric antiperovskites have been scarcely confirmed experimentally since the discovery of M₃AB‐type antiperovskites in the 1930s. Ferroelectricity is now revealed in an organic–inorganic hybrid X₃AB antiperovskite structure, which exhibits a clear ferroelectric phase transition 6/mmmF6mm with a high Curie point of 480 K. The physical properties across the phase transition are obviously changed along with the symmetry requirements, providing solid experimental evidence for the ferroelectric phase transition. More interestingly, the discovered antiperovskite shows intense photoluminescence and triboluminescence properties. The confirmation of the triboluminescent ferroelectric antiperovskite will open new avenues to explore excellent optoelectronic properties in the antiperovskite family.     

Preparation of Polylactide/Poly(ether)urethane Blends with Excellent Electro-actuated Shape Memory <Emphasis Type="Italic">via</Emphasis> Incorporating Carbon Black and Carbon Nanotubes Hybrids Fillers

In this work, hybrid conductive fillers of carbon black (CB) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were introduced into polylactide (PLA)/thermoplastic poly(ether)urethane (TPU) blend (70/30 by weight) to tune the phase morphology and realize rapid electrically actuated shape memory effect (SME). Particularly, the dispersion of conductive fillers, the phase morphology, the electrical conductivities and the shape memory properties of the composites containing CB or CB/CNTs were comparatively investigated. The results suggested that both CB and CNTs were selectively localized in TPU phase, and induced the morphological change from the sea-island structure to the co-continuous structure. The presence of CNTs resulted in a denser CB/CNTs network, which enhanced the continuity of TPU phase. Because the formed continuous TPU phase provided stronger recovery driving force, the PLA/TPU/CB/CNTs composites showed better shape recovery properties compared with the PLA/TPU/CB composites at the same CB content. Moreover, the CB and CNTs exerted a synergistic effect on enhancing the electrical conductivities of the composites. As a result, the prepared composites exhibited excellent electrically actuated SME and the shape recovery speed was also greatly enhanced. This work demonstrated a promising strategy to achieve rapid electrically actuated SME via the addition of hybrid nanoparticles with self-networking ability in binary PLA/TPU blends over a much larger composition range.     

Determination and Characterization of the Uptake of Voriconazole in Human Lung Epithelial Cells by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Voriconazole is used to prevent invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. However, little is known about the concentrations of voriconazole in human lung epithelial cells (A549), which is the target for preventing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The goal of this study was to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method to quantify voriconazole in A549 cells. A triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer in selected reaction monitoring mode was used with positive electrospray ionization. The total duration of each run was 5?min. The calibration curves fit a least squares model for the voriconazole concentration ranging from 0.625 to 160?ng/mL. Intraday and interday coefficients of variation were less than 10%. Recoveries at the concentrations of the quality control samples where greater than 85%, and the matrix effects showed that the ratios of the peak response exhibited a 15% suppression of the signal in the matrix compared to water. Voriconazole may penetrate A549 cells. However, the voriconazole uptake was slow in A549 cells, reaching a plateau at 2?h, where the dose-dependent intracellular voriconazole concentrations were 1.98?±?0.38, 4.43?±?0.54, and 8.14?±?0.52?ng/mg protein for extracellular voriconazole concentrations of 5, 10, and 20?µg/mL, respectively. The uptake of voriconazole by A549 cells was linear at extracellular concentrations from 0 to 20?µg/mL. This study established a rapid and sensitive method suitable for determining voriconazole in A549 cells and described the kinetic properties of the absorption of voriconazole by A549 cells.     

Selective fast pyrolysis of biomass impregnated with ZnCl2: Furfural production together with acetic acid and activated carbon as by-products

Fast pyrolysis of biomass materials impregnated with ZnCl₂ offered a promising way to obtain a liquid product rich in furfural (FF) and acetic acid (AA), and the pyrolytic solids could be used as the precursors to prepare activated carbons (ACs). In this study, a lab-scale fast pyrolysis set was designed and used for the quantitative production of the three chemicals. The maximum FF was produced from the corncob impregnated with at least 15 wt% ZnCl₂ and at the pyrolysis temperature around 340 °C, with the yield of more than 8 wt% compared with only 0.49 wt% from the raw corncob. Meanwhile, AA of around 4 wt% could be obtained. The content of the FF and AA was over 50 wt% and 25 wt% on the water-free basis of the pyrolytic liquids. In addition, ACs were prepared from the pyrolytic solids, and they exhibited similar properties as those prepared from direct activation of ZnCl₂-impregnated biomass materials.     

一种高效、绿色制备环状硫碘盐的新方法及其在染料敏化太阳电池中的应用

采用高压釜合成和乙酸乙酯/水萃取提纯的模式制备出高产率、高纯度的环状烷基硫碘盐. 高压釜合成在保证产率的前提下, 大大缩短了反应时间(反应时间仅为原来的1/3)|乙酸乙酯和水的萃取提纯模式在保证产品纯度的同时, 大大缩短了提纯时间, 还避免了有毒试剂的使用. 制备出的烷基环状硫碘盐作为碘源用于配制染料敏化太阳电池用电解质, 相应电池的光电转化效率接近使用传统烷基咪唑碘盐的电池. 电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试表明环状烷基锍阳离子相比于烷基咪唑阳离子来说, 更有利于抑制电池内部的电子复合反应, 同时还能促进对电极上电子交换反应的进行, 最终可以提高电池的开路电压和填充因子.     

Theoretical studies on N-loss predissociation mechanisms of N2O+ (A?2Σ+) in Cs symmetry

The N-loss predissociation mechanisms of the A ²Σ⁺ (2 ² A′) state of N₂O⁺ to the first and second dissociation limits were studied in the C _s symmetry. The potential energy curves (PECs) and minimum energy crossing points (MECPs) for the C _s states of N₂O⁺ were calculated at the CAS levels. On the basis of our CAS calculation results (CASPT2 energetic results and CASSCF spin orbit couplings), we suggest two processes for N-loss predissociation mechanisms of A ²Σ⁺ (2 ² A′) to the first and second limits. The first two steps in the two processes are the same: A ²Σ⁺ passes through the 2 ² A′/1 ⁴ A″ MECP and then reaches the 1 ⁴ A″ (1 ⁴Σ⁻) PEC. The 2 ² A′/1 ⁴ A″ MECP has a bent geometry and is slightly higher in energy than the transition state along the 1 ⁴ A″ PEC. Our mechanisms are different from the previously suggested mechanisms (via 1 ⁴Π).     

聚(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸十八酯)的合成及其增稠性能

共聚合;聚(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸十八酯)的合成及其增稠性能     

甲基丙烯酸三丁基锡酯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的分子量测定和K、α值的订定

甲基丙烯酸三丁基锡酯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的分子量测定和K、α值的订定     

直链小碳簇Cn(n=3～6)微正则解离速率常数的RRKM理论计算(Ⅰ)

用从头计算法研究小碳簇的解离通道及其动力学.以MP2/6-31G^*精度优化直链C₃,C₄,C₅,C₆及其过渡态的结构,并对它们进行振动分析.在此基础上计算了各解离通道的能垒,并根据RRKM理论估算各个通道的微正则解离速率.计算结果表明,这些小碳簇的解离主要表现为均裂方式.     

酚醛树脂的增容作用对聚甲醛/丁腈橡胶共混物的韧性、结晶形态和亚微相态的影响

考察了酚醛树脂(Novolak)的增容作用对聚甲醛(POM)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混物的韧性、结晶形态和亚微相态的影响.实验结果表明,POM与NBR不相容,直接共混不能提高POM的韧性;添加Novolak后,当NBR质量分数为40%时共混物发生“脆-韧”转变.POM/NBR共混物中POM球晶尺寸大,易形成应力集中点,导致增韧效果不佳;Novolak可通过与POM的分子链间相互作用,改变POM分子链固有的规程和排列方式,使球晶显著减小.亚微相态显示,POM/NBR呈现“海-岛”结构相态,NBR在基体中分散性很差;添加Novolak可提高NBR在基体中的分散性;当NBR质量分数达到40%时,NBR在基体中呈现带状网络结构.网带结构能够终止受外力作用而在基体中产生的银纹和剪切屈服,增加了共混物的破裂能,从而使共混物的韧性显著提高.