微纳米加工技术在纳米物理与器件研究中的应用

物质在纳米尺度下可能呈现出与体材料不同的物理特件，这正是纳米科技发展的基础之一。要想探索在纳米尺度下材料物埋性质的变化规律及可能的应用领域，离不开相应的技术手段，微纳米加工技术作为当今高技术发展的重要技术领域之一，是实现功能人工纳米结构与器件微纳米化的基础。本文根据几个不同的应用领域，介绍了微纳米加工技术在纳米物理与器件研究领域的应用。     

重离子治疗计划系统的构想

对重离子柬治癌的优势进行简要的回顾，并着重介绍了用于重离子放射治疗的治疗计划系统。治疗计划系统是一套软件系统，不同的硬件设施应有与其相匹配的软件系统，即治疗计划系统。在此基础上，针对兰州重离子加速器的特点提出一些关于治疗计划系统方面的构想。After a brief review concerning the advantages of heavy ions in radiotherapy, more interests are concentrated on treatment planning system （TPS） for heavy ion radiotherapy. Compared to the hardware devices such as accelerator and beam delivery system, the TPS is a set of software system, and different therapy facilities require their corresponding TPSs. Based on the specialities of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou （HIIRFL）, some suggestions on the TPS for tumor therapy at HIRFL finally are given.     

复杂像散椭圆光束的轨道角动量的实验研究

提出一种直接测量光束的轨道角动量的方法，其原理是把具有轨道角动量的光束照射到一个金属靶上，使其在光束的角动量作用下发生转动. 通过测量靶转动的角度来计算光束的角动量值. 对几种不同参数的光束的轨道角动量进行了测量，获得了轨道角动量与光束参数之间的关系，实验结果与理论分析较好地符合. 关键词： 复杂像散椭圆光束 轨道角动量 测量     

掺杂对碳纳米管拉曼光谱及场发射性能的影响

采用高温热解法在860℃分别制备出了镓、氮以及硼和氮掺杂的碳纳米管,提纯后利用丝网印刷工艺分别将它们制备成薄膜,并测试了它们的拉曼光谱与场发射性能。测试结果表明,掺杂纳米管的缺陷密集度比纯碳纳米管明显增大,而它们的场致电子发射性能则与掺杂元素的性质密切相关。镓和氮掺杂的纳米管均具有非常优异的场发射性能,而硼和氮共掺杂的纳米管的场发射性能很差。掺杂引起碳纳米管费米能级附近能态密度的变化及功函数的降低是其具有优异场致电子发射性能的主要原因。     

Ab Initio Study on the Isomerization and Dehydrogenation of Methylnitrene

The ab initio calculations were performed at the RHF/4-31G level with the reaction pathways of the iso-merization and dehydrogenation of methylnitrene by the intrinsic reaction coordinate method. The results show that the transformation from methylnitrene to methylenimine would be very easy. This accountes for the experimental fact that one couldn' t find the methylnitrene, but only obtained the methylenimine in the pyrolysis of methyl azide. The mode-selective study reveals the reaction coordinates (IRC) of isomerization and dehydrogenation of methylnitrene are associated with the molecular deformation mode of 1191 cm-1 and the methyl group unsymmetrical stretch mode, respectively. The coupling between normal coordinates is favourable to select the reaction channel of isomerization.     

差分流线扩散法的局域稳定性分析

本文讨论差分流线扩散法的局部稳定性分析，在理论上证明了该方法依旧保持着流线扩散法扰动局部影响的特性。     

BEPCⅡ高频发射机和环流器的调整和测试

北京正负电子对撞机升级改造工程(BEPCⅡ)将采用的频率500MHz、输出功率250kW的高频发射机和环流器已安装、调整、测试和验收完毕,这是国内建立的第一套500MHz/250kW发射机系统.本文将详细介绍机器的调测试的原理和各项测量内容及结果, 并比较设计指标和要求,来阐述此发射机的实际技术指标和测试性能.     

灰色Verhulst模型的样条插值函数的残差修正

本用样条函数对灰色Verhulst模型的残差序列进行插值拟合，然后作用于二阶线性微分方程，并以此修正原模型，得到一种新的预测模型的数值解，提高了拟合的精确度。     

应用美学原理进行愉悦式教学的尝试

由于物理学的学习难度均较大,使学生学习完全处于被动状态,如何扭转此局面呢?愉悦式教法定能如愿。1 让学生充分领略学科的美 要学好物理,首先必须对它们产生兴趣.学科安排本身就是一种美,加之论述的逻辑     

Formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber blends: Effects of preparation method,composition, and thermal condition

The effects of preparation method, composition, and thermal condition on formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber (iPP/EPR) blends were studied using modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and phase contrast microscopy (PCM). It was found that the α‐iPP and β‐iPP can simultaneity form in the melt‐blended samples, whereas only α‐iPP exists in the solution‐blended samples. The results show that the formation of β‐iPP in the melt‐blended samples is related to the crystallization temperature and the β‐iPP generally diminishes and finally vanishes when the crystallization temperature moves far from 125 °C. The phenomena that the lower critical temperature of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR obviously increases to 114 °C and the upper critical temperature decreases to 134 °C indicate the narrowing of temperature interval, facilitating the formation of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR. Furthermore, it was found that the amount of β‐iPP in melt‐blended iPP/EPR samples is dependent on the composition and the maximum amount of β‐iPP formed when the composition of iPP/EPR blends is 85:15 in weight. The results through examining the effect of annealing for iPP/EPR samples at melt state indicate that this annealing may eliminate the susceptibility to β‐crystallization of iPP. However, only α‐iPP can be observed in solution‐blended samples subjected to annealing for different time. The PCM images demonstrate that an obvious phase‐separation happens in both melt‐blended and solution‐blended iPP/EPR samples, implying that compared with the disperse degree of EPR in iPP, the preparation method plays a dominant role in formation of β‐iPP. It is suggested that the origin of formation of β‐iPP results from the thermomechanical history of the EPR component in iPP/EPR. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1704–1712, 2007