Sorption of 241Am by Aspergillus nigerspore and hyphae

Biosorption of ²⁴¹Am by a fungus A. niger, including the spore and hyphae, was investigated. The preliminary results showed that the adsorption of ²⁴¹Am by the microorganism was efficient. More than 96% of the total ²⁴¹Am could be removed from ²⁴¹Am solutions of 5.6-111 MBq/l (C _o) by spore and hyphaeof A. niger, with adsorbed ²⁴¹Am metal (Q) of 7.2-142.4 MBq/g biomass, and 5.2-106.5 MBq/g, respectively. The biosorption equilibrium was achieved within 1 hour and the optimum pH range was pH 1-3. No obvious effects on ²⁴¹Am adsorption by the fungus were observed at 10-45 °C, or in solutions containing Au³⁺ or Ag⁺, even 2000 times above the ²⁴¹Am concentration. The ²⁴¹Am biosorption by the fungus obeys the Freundlich adsorption equation. There was no significant difference between the adsorption behavior of A. nigerspore and hyphae. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The preparation and fluorescence properties of europium nanoparticles

A new structured metallic nanomaterial of europium nanoparticle was prepared using tannic acid as the reductive agent,and nanoeuropium protein conjugates were synthesized by the method of lipoic acid modification on the surface of nanoparticle,which opens a new field of application of lanthanides in nanotechniques.Their properties were also characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and fluorescence spectroscopy.The europium nanoparticle and its protein conjugates solution were stable and water-soluble.The fluorescence intensity of the composite europium nanoparticles was significantly increased in the presence of trace protein,and was linear proportional to the concentration of proteins under optimum conditions.According to this,a fluorimetric method for the determination of protein was developed in this paper.     

IMMOBILIZATION OF POTENTIALLY BIOACTIVE MOIETIES ONTO POLYETHER WITH POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)-SULFONATE SPACER

A new reactive graft copolymer, poly(tetramthylene glycol) - graft-w-propyl sodiumsulfonate-poly(ethylene glycol) (PTMG-g-PEG-CH_2CH_2CH_2SO_3~-Na~+), was synthesizedby the cationic polymerization of a-w-bifunctional PEG macromonomer (O?CH_2—PEG——CH_2 CH_2 CH_2 SO_3 Na) and THF. The obtained copolymer exhibits the expected structureas indicated by the result of characterization. Two amino acids (L-arginine, L-tyrosine)were covalently attached to the copolymer after converting the sulfonate group to sulfonylchloride. So the new reactive graft copolymer (PTMG-g-PEG-CH_2CH_2CH_2SO_3~-Na~+) isexpected to be very useful in attachment of potentially bioactive moieties to polymer viaa hydrophilic PEG spacer.     

Nucleosides. Part LX. Synthesis and Characterization of Monomeric Cordycepin-Vitamin and Cordycepin-Lipid Conjugates Model Substances for Biodegradable Ester and Carbonate Linkages in Conjugates and Potential Inhibitors of HIV-1 Replication

Monomeric 3′-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) was modified at the 2′-O- ( 13–18 ) and 5′-O-position ( 25–29 ) by the vitamins E, D₂, and A and by the two lipids 1,2-di-O-palmitoylglycerol and 1,2-di-O-hexadecylglycerol via succinate or carbonate linkages. The base-labile conjugates afforded protection groups like the 2-(4-nitro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonyl (npeoc) and monomethoxytrityl group (MeOTr) that are cleavable without harming the ester and carbonate bonds, respectively. Monomeric conjugates of cordycepin and vitamin E, vitamin D₂, 1,2-di-O-palmitoylglycerol, and 1,2-di-O-hexadecylglycerol (see 13, 14, 17, 18, 25, 26, 28 , and 29 ) inhibited HIV-1-induced syncytia formation 1.7 to 6.2 fold compared to 1.5-fold for cordycepin (see Table); IC₅₀ values for 25 and 28 were 257 and 267 m?M , respectively. In addition, the monomeric cordycepin-vitamin and -lipid conjugates inhibited HIV-1 RT activity 28–49% which compares with a 13% inhibition of HIV-1 RT observed for cordycepin. The minimal inhibition of HIV-1-induced syncytia formation and HIV-1 RT activity did not proceed by the activation of RNase L. The monomeric conjugates tested ( 13, 14 ) increased PKR expression.     

Biosorption of americium-241 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The biosorption of radionuclide ²⁴¹Am from solution by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), and the effects of experimental conditions on the adsorption were investigated. The preliminary results showed thatS. cerevisiae is a very efficient biosorbent. An average of more than 99% of the total ²⁴¹Am could be removed by S. cerevisiae of 2.1 g/l (dry weight) from ²⁴¹Am solutions of 17.54–4386.0 mg/l (2.22 MBq/l–555 MBq/l) with adsorption capacities of 7.45–1880.0 mg/g biomass (dry weight) (0.94 MBq/g–237.9 MBq/g). The adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 1 hour and the optimum pH ranged 1–3. No significant differences on ²⁴¹Am adsorption were observed at 10–45 °C, or in solutions containing Au³⁺ or Ag⁺, even 2000 times above ²⁴¹Am concentration. The relationship between concentrations and adsorption capacities of ²⁴¹Am indicated the biosorption process should be described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm.     

Two New Cyclopeptides from Arenaria oreophila (Caryophyllaceae)

Two new cyclopeptides, named arenariphilin A ( 1 ) and arenariphilin B ( 2 ), were isolated from the whole plants of Arenaria oreophila. Their structures were determined as cyclo‐(Thr‐Gly) ( 1 ) and cyclo‐(Ser₁‐Gly ‐Ser₂‐Ile ‐Phe₁‐Phe₂) ( 2 ) on the basis of spectral data, especially by 2D‐NMR.     

三氮宾分子的磁性设计

采用量子化学ＧＡＵＳＳＩＡＮ９４ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏＵＨＦ方法和ＳＴＯ－３Ｇ基组设计一系列三氮宾分子，讨论分子的几何结构和取代基对其磁性的影响，计算结果表明，这些分子都具有铁磁性并有高自旋基态，有效交换积分值随代基的变化而变化，其中一种具有较代的总能量和高的有效交换积分值的分子，可期望被合成。     

μ‐{N,N′‐Bis[2‐(dimethyl­amino)ethyl]oxamidato(2–)}‐1κ2O,O′:2κ4N,N′,N′′,N′′′‐bis­(4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine‐1κ2N,N′)dinickel(II) bis­(perchlorate)

In the crystal structure of the title complex, [Ni₂(C₁₀H₂₀N₄O₂)(C₁₂H₁₂N₂)₂](ClO₄)₂ or [Ni(dmaeoxd)Ni(dmbp)₂](ClO₄)₂ {H₂dmaeoxd is N,N′‐bis­[2‐(dimethyl­amino)ethyl]oxamide and dmbp is 4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine}, the deprotonated dmaeoxd²⁻ ligand is in a cis conformation and bridges two Ni^II atoms, one of which is located in a slightly distorted square‐planar environment, while the other is in an irregular octa­hedral environment. The cation is located on a twofold symmetry axis running through both Ni atoms. The dmaeoxd²⁻ ligands inter­act with each other via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π inter­actions, which results in an extended chain along the c axis.     

α-Al2O3纳米粒子对Co-Ni合金异常共沉积电化学行为的影响

为了研究在电化学复合共沉积过程中,惰性纳米粒子和金属离子、电极表面的相互作用,以及由此产生的对合金电化学共沉积行为的影响.本文从两个吸附过程出发: 电解液中的金属离子和H＋在纳米粒子表面的吸附；纳米粒子迁移到阴极表面,在电极表面的吸附.采用Zeta电势和稳态极化以及电化学交流阻抗（EIS）研究了纳米Al2O3粒子和电解液中的金属离子，和电极表面的相互作用,进而分析了纳米粒子对Co2＋和Ni2＋还原沉积的影响规律.通过对阻抗数据的拟合,讨论了Al2O3纳米粒子对等效电路中各物理参数的影响.在H＋和不同金属离子在纳米粒子上发生竞争吸附的基础上,提出了纳米粒子和合金共沉积的可能反应历程.     

锂离子蓄电池正极材料LiFePO4研究进展

锂离子电池正极材料正在向着高比能量、长寿命、低成本、环境友好的方向发展,而具有橄榄石结构的LiFePO_4正极材料以其结构稳定、成本低、无污染等优点成为21世纪最理想的绿色电源,但自身也存在缺点。综述了锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4的研究进展。系统地阐述了LiFePO_4的晶体结构特征及性能、多种合成方法以及掺杂多种导电材料和控制晶体生长制备纳米粉体对材料性能的影响。对该材料的应用前景进行了展望,并提出了下一步可能的研究趋势。