绿松石的激光拉曼光谱研究

对湖北、安徽地区绿松石进行了激光拉曼光谱测试分析。结果表明,绿松石中H₂O,OH-及PO3-₄的基团振动是导致其激光拉曼光谱形成的主要原因。3 510～3 440 cm-1的谱峰是由ν(OH)伸缩振动所致,其中ν(OH)振动导致的强拉曼特征谱峰在3 470 cm-1附近,ν(H₂O)伸缩振动致拉曼谱峰位于3 290～3 070 cm-1附近的较为宽缓的弱谱峰处;由ν₃(PO₄)伸缩振动致强拉曼特征谱峰在1 200～1 030 cm-1之间,其中ν₃(PO₄)振动导致的强拉曼特征谱峰在1 039 cm-1附近,ν₄(PO₄)弯曲振动位于650～540 cm-1范围,ν₂(PO₄)的弯曲振动谱峰位于500～410 cm-1处;不同产地、不同结晶类型的绿松石表现出的拉曼谱峰特征基本一致。     

低能离子注入宫颈癌细胞的红外光谱分析

利用离子注入机所产生的低能N+模仿宇宙中低能离子作用于人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa cell),探索其对人类细胞的影响及作用机制。因实验中的低能离子产生和加速要在真空中进行,细胞在离子注入同时将受到真空的影响,为此研究人员利用石蜡油保护细胞以防止注入时的水份蒸发。注入处理完毕后收集细胞,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)分析真空和低能N+束注入后细胞中大分子的相对含量、构型及其构象变化等方面的信息。结果表明：(1)不同处理后的样品在3 300 cm-1附近吸收谱带存在明显差异。对照样品的特征峰位为3 300 cm-1,而其他样品中除了注入5×1014 N+·cm-2外,红外吸收峰均向长波数方向移动,真空2×1015 N+·cm-2样品的频移尤为明显至3 420 cm-1处。(2)与对照样品相比较,各处理样品的1 378 cm-1处吸收峰峰位均向长波数方向频移。(3)处理样品相对于对照样品而言,2 360 cm-1处吸收峰均向长波数方向移动。该结果说明低能离子注入处理可以引起细胞中核酸、蛋白的含量和构象变化。     

Adsorption of thorium(IV) on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes

The influences of pH, contact time, solid-liquid ratio, temperature and C60(C(COOH)2)n on Th(IV) adsorption onto the magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MMWCNTs) were studied by batch technique. The dynamic process showed that the adsorption of Th(IV) onto MMWCNTs could reach equilibrium in 40 h and matched the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The adsorption of Th(IV) onto MMWCNTs was significantly dependent on pH values, the adsorption ratio increased markedly at pH 3.0–5.0, and then maintained a steady state as pH values increased. At low pH, different C60(C(COOH)2)n content could enhance the adsorption content of Th(IV) onto MMWCNTs, but restrained it at higher pH. Through simulating the adsorption isotherms by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubini-Radushkevich models, it could be seen respectively that the adsorption pattern of Th(IV) onto MMWCNTs was mainly surface complexation, and that the adsorption process was endothermic and irreversible.     

Characteristics of the magnetic analysis system for a compact MPR-type spectrometer

The magnetic proton recoil(MPR)spectrometer is a novel diagnostic instrument with high perfor-mance for measurements of neutron spectra in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)experiments and high power fusion devices.A compact MPR-type spectrometer dedicated to the research of pulsed deuterium-tritium(DT)neutron spectroscopy of special experimental conditions is currently under design.Analyses of the main parameters and performance of the magnetic analysis system through 3-D particle transport calculations and MonteCarlo simulations and calibration of the system performance as a test using CR-39 solid track detector and α particle from 239pu and 226Ra radioactive sources are presented in this paper.The results indicate that the magnetic analysis system will achieve a detection efficiency level of 10-5-10-4 at an energy resolution of 1.5%-2.1%,and fulfills the design goals of the spectrometer.     

Alkylation mechanism of benzene with 1-dodecene catalyzed by Et_3NHCl-AlCl_3

The isotope exchange method was employed to investigate the catalytic mechanism of ionic liquid in alkylation of benzenes with olefins.It is proposed that alkylation was induced by the Lewis acid AlCl3 which attracted π electrons of 1-dodecene to shift toward 1-carbon,thus forming a carbonium ion.The carbonium ion further reacted with benzenes to form a complex.Due to unstabilit of the complex,a deuterated ring proton was transferred into an electronegative 1-carbon of the side chain to substitute for the A...     

超声波辐照和臭氧氧化协同降解废水中的结晶紫

采用超声波辐照、臭氧氧化以及超声波辐照-臭氧氧化降解废水中的结晶紫;考察了废水初始pH、超声波功率和频率、氧气流量、反应温度等因素对降解效率的影响.结果表明:超声波和臭氧对结晶紫的降解具有协同作用;当废水溶液初始质量浓度为200mg.L-1、pH为10.0时,控制超声波功率和频率分别为100 W和30kHz,氧气流量为0.4L.min-1,反应温度为25℃,反应时间为90 min,则总有机碳(TOC)的去除率可达89.2%,相应的一级反应速率常数为2.38×10-2min-1.     

澳洲茄胺单糖苷的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以单糖为原料,经苯甲酰化保护和溴代制备中间体酰化溴代糖(3a～3e)。通过Koenigs-Knorr合成法将3a～3e与澳洲茄胺甙化缩合并脱保护合成了5个澳洲茄胺单糖苷化合物(5a～5e,5d和5e为新化合物),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS表征。用MTT法对5a～5e进行体外抗肿瘤细胞活性试验结果表明,5c和5d显示了较好的抗肿瘤活性。     

电化学石英晶体微天平研究高氯酸钠水溶液中活性炭电极的离子存储行为

以电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)为主要测试手段,在不同浓度的高氯酸钠(NaClO4)水溶液中研究了水合离子吸附到活性炭电极孔隙过程中电极的质量变化.对于每种电解液,根据Raman光谱和EQCM数据分别计算了本体溶液中和电极/溶液界面上Na+的水合数.通过比对这两组Na+水合数,探讨了Na+存储到活性炭负极过程中的去溶剂化效应.     

固相萃取-紫外光谱法测定水样中咪唑类离子液体的含量

为了消除无机盐对紫外法测定离子液体的干扰,采用固相萃取(SPE)预富集,再利用紫外光谱法测定了水样中3种离子液体[C4mim][PF6]、[C6mim][PF6]、[C4mim][BF4]的含量。在波长190～300 nm范围内研究了3种离子液体的最大吸收波长,同时还考察了几种常见无机盐对离子液体紫外光谱吸收的影响。采用SPE方法富集100 mL水样时,富集倍数F=100/3,对三种离子液体的富集率分别为90%,91%和51%,并且溶液的pH与盐的浓度对富集率有一定的影响。当离子液体加标浓度分别为0.01、0.05和0.10 mg/L时,该方法的回收率大于90%。