Effects of Aromatic Stabilization Energies on Photochromism of New Asymmetrical Azaindole‐Containing Diarylethenes

Three new asymmetrical diarylethenes containing an azaindole moiety and a variable heteroaryl ring have been synthesized. Their properties, such as photochromism, fatigue resistance, thermal stability, acidichromism, and fluorescence, were systematically investigated to elucidate the effects of aromatic stabilization energies (ASE) of the heteroaryl moieties. The results indicated that thermal stability decreased with the increment of the aromatic stabilization energies of the variable heteroaryl rings in the order of thiazyl<thienyl<pyrrolyl. Moreover, the dual switching behaviors of these azaindole‐containing diarylethenes were also studied by the stimulation of acid/base and light. Addition of trifluoroacetic acid to the solutions of these diarylethenes resulted in obvious hypochromic shifts, and their N‐protonated forms also exhibited favorable photochromism.     

A novel and facile synthesis of 4-arylquinolin-2(1H)-ones under metal-free conditions

A novel and facile synthesis of 4-arylquinolin-2(1H)-ones without metal catalysis has been developed. This reaction involved cyclization/elimination steps and was performed under metal-free conditions using inexpensive reagents such as NaI, selectfluor and KOH.     

A new alternariol glucoside from fungus Alternaria alternate cib-137

A new secondary metabolite, 2-O-methylalternariol 4-O-β-[4-methoxyl-glucopyranoside] (1), together with four known compounds alternariol methyl ether (2), altenuene (3), isoaltenuene (4) and 2-(2′S-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-7-hydroxychromone (5), was isolated from the fungus Alternaria alternate cib-137. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 3 and 4 demonstrated moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus.     

Molecularly Engineered Macrophage-Derived Exosomes with Inflammation Tropism and Intrinsic Heme Biosynthesis for Atherosclerosis Treatment

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases worldwide, and alleviating inflammation is a promising strategy for AS treatment. Here, we report molecularly engineered M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2 Exo) with inflammation-tropism and anti-inflammatory capabilities for AS imaging and therapy. M2 Exo are derived from M2 macrophages and further electroporated with FDA-approved hexyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride (HAL). After systematic administration, the engineered M2 Exo exhibit excellent inflammation-tropism and anti-inflammation effects via the surface-bonded chemokine receptors and the anti-inflammatory cytokines released from the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Moreover, the encapsulated HAL can undergo intrinsic biosynthesis and metabolism of heme to generate anti-inflammatory carbon monoxide and bilirubin, which further enhance the anti-inflammation effects and finally alleviate AS. Meanwhile, the intermediate protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) of the heme biosynthesis pathway permits the fluorescence imaging and tracking of AS.     

Adaptive sliding mode control of uncertain chaotic systems with input nonlinearity

This paper is concerned with the stabilization problem of uncertain chaotic systems with input nonlinearity. The slope parameters of this nonlinearity are unmeasured. A new sliding function is designed, then an adaptive sliding mode controller is established such that the trajectory of the system converges to the sliding surface in a finite time and finite-time reachability is theoretically proved. Using a virtual state feedback control technique, sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of sliding mode dynamics is derived via linear matrix inequality (LMI). Then the results can be extended to uncertain chaotic systems with disturbances and adaptive sliding mode H _∞ controllers are designed. Finally, a simulation example is presented to show the validity and advantage of the proposed method.     

A wideband tunable phase shifter based on orthogonal optical single-sideband

We present a novel technique to generate an orthogonally polarized optical single sideband （OSSB） generated by a tunable bandpass filter （TBF）. When the OSSB passes through the other polarization modulation （PolM） which is polarization dependent, the phase shift of the optical carrier and first-order sideband is different under different bias. As a result, a wideband tunable phase shifter is realized by adjusting the bias applied to the polarization modulator.     

特定和非特定溶剂化对BPTI在金表面吸附的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学方法研究了三种水溶剂环境(即介电常数模型、部分溶剂化模型和全溶剂化模型)中牛胰蛋白酶抑制剂(BPTI)在金表面上的吸附效应. 结果表明BPTI在介电常数模型中会发生快而强的吸附作用并导致蛋白质结构发生大的结构偏差、明显的沿金表面的平铺展开、二级结构的快速消失、更多的原子出现在与金表面强相互作用的区域. 与介电常数模型相比,部分溶剂化模型中蛋白质与金表面间的显含水分子削弱了金的吸附作用,使得吸附速度和结构的变化程度减弱,但金吸附导致的蛋白质紧密水化层的损失仍然使得它的结构发生明显的变化. 蛋白质在全溶剂化的体系中吸附速度和程度是最慢最弱的,结构变化最小并能发生一定程度的旋转来寻找合适的吸附     

Gorenstein-Projective Modules over T_（m,n）（A）

A new class of Gorenstein algebras T _m,n (A) is introduced, their module categories are described, and all the Gorenstein-projective T _m,n (A)-modules are explicitly determined.     

国产全光纤结构激光器实现245 W高功率激光输出

 以国产掺镱光纤为增益介质,利用国产泵浦源和光纤器件,构建了主振荡功率放大（MOPA）结构的全国产大功率全光纤激光器。激光器包括10 W种子激光器和高功率放大器两部分。在注入最大泵浦功率为356 W时,获得了245 W波长1 080 nm激光的稳定输出,光-光效率为69%。激光器单次连续出光时间约30 min,功率稳定性在1%以内。目前激光器输出功率受限于泵浦功率,增加泵浦源的数目有望进一步提高输出功率。     

全光纤激光器实现kW级功率输出

 搭建了一台全光纤结构的光纤激光器。采用双端泵浦结构,共有36个泵浦输入端。在使用其中的24个泵浦输入端,泵浦功率为1 477 W时,获得了1 008 W高功率输出,光光转换效率为68%。输出激光的中心波长为1 082 nm,半波全宽为3 nm。目前激光器输出功率受限于泵浦功率,增加泵浦源的数目有望进一步提高输出功率。