黄酮类天然产物13C NMR数据的计算机检索和辅助解析(Ⅱ)黄酮类天然产物的13C NMR数据规律及其在智能解析中的应用

本文通过对大量的黄酮类化合物¹³C NMR图谱的分析和研究,总结了不同类型的黄酮类化合物的¹³C NMR图谱特征及化学位移规律.对影响黄酮类化合物结构骨架上不同位置碳原子化学位移的因素进行了分析,建立了用于黄酮类天然产物¹³C NMR图谱智能解析的知识库.     

结直肠癌细胞株及细胞核的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

运用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术研究了正常组织(30例)和细胞株(SW 620),正常细胞核和癌变细胞核的红外光谱特征,为红外光谱诊断结直肠癌奠定了细胞及亚细胞水平的实验基础。将所得光谱图的峰位及峰强比进行统计分析发现:细胞株(SW 620)和癌变细胞核中谱带(2 925,1 240和1 085cm-1)的峰位均向高波数移动(p<0.05),而谱带1 400cm-1的峰位均向低波数移动(p<0.05);细胞株(SW 620)中峰强比(I1 650/I1 460,I1 400/I1 460,I1 240/I1 460,)较正常组织升高(p<0.05),而I1 740/I1 460则降低(p<0.01)。癌变细胞核中(I1 650/I1 460,I1 400/I1 460,I1 240/I1 460)较正常细胞核亦升高(p<0.05).这些差异可作为区别组织良恶性的指标。     

Two-photon-excited photoluminescence and heating of gold nanorods through absorption of supercontinuum light

Most of lasers used for imaging and heating gold nanorods are single-wavelength lasers and their efficiency to interact with different gold nanorods is limited. In this study, we demonstrated that supercontinuum light could be a fast, effective and energy efficient excitation source for heating of gold nanorods. The photothermal effect and the heating speed of gold nanorods illuminated by a supercontinuum light and femtosecond pulses through two-photon excitation are experimentally studied through using transmission electron microscopy images and photoluminescence images of gold nanorods. It is found that the supercontinuum light improves the heating speed by 39 %, and melts 30 % more of gold nanorods compared with the femtosecond pulse excitation approach. The heating speed of gold nanorods by supercontinuum light depends not only on its polarization states, but also on the pulse width and numerical aperture of its focused beam. It has been found that the supercontinuum is more efficient in heating of gold nanorods, making it potentially valuable for clinical applications.     

射频功率对类金刚石薄膜性能的影响

在不同射频功率条件下,实验研究了射频等离子体化学气相沉积类金刚石薄膜的金刚石相分数、光学常数和硬度。利用Raman光谱仪、椭圆偏振仪、数字式显微硬度计分别测试了不同条件下单层类金刚石薄膜的金刚石相分数、光学常数和硬度。实验表明,随着功率的增加,金刚石相的相对分数减少,薄膜的折射率先减小再增加然后减小,射频功率大于910 W时,沉积速率急剧增大。而薄膜的硬度先增加后减小,在射频功率为860 W处获得最大值。     

场发射冷阴极微栅孔阵列制备技术

实现了一种采用聚苯乙烯纳米球自组装技术和微机械制造技术加工的场发射阴极用亚微米栅极微孔阵列。设计了一套完整的工艺实验方案,首先采用微球自组装技术获得了亚微米级金属网孔掩膜,然后通过反应离子刻蚀技术获得了亚微米栅极孔阵列,从而实现了集成度高、分布均匀的周期性亚微米孔洞阵列的制备,微孔集成度达到108cm-2。实验研究了氧气刻蚀聚苯乙烯微球的规律。采用金属掩膜,四氟化碳干法刻蚀二氧化硅,获得了深度为500 nm的微孔。实验结果证明该工艺方案是一种获得大面积、均匀分布、集成度高的场发射冷阴极栅孔阵列的有效方法。     

大电流碳纳米管场发射阴极研究

报道了在较大发射面积上获得较大场发射电流的碳纳米管场发射阴极。为了加强场发射电流,在丝网印刷浆料中增加一种金属纳米颗粒,金属颗粒增强了碳纳米管发射体和衬底的接触,提高碳纳米管和衬底的粘附作用。利用改进后的丝网印刷方法制备了大电流碳纳米管场发射阴极,测得最大发射电流为68.0 mA,阴极有效发射面积约1.1 mm2,发射电流密度约6.2 A/cm2;并成功将改进方法制备的大电流场发射碳纳米管阴极应用于场发射真空器件原型。实验证明这种具有较大发射电流和较大发射电流密度的场发射能够满足部分大功率电子器件的需求。收稿日期:; 修订日期:     

First-principles studies of the vibrational properties of amorphous carbon nitrides

Raman spectra of amorphous carbon nitride films (a-C:N) resemble those of typical amorphous carbon (a-C), and no specific features in the spectra are shown due to N doping. The present work provides a correlation between the microstructure and vibrational properties of a-C:N films from first principles. The six periodic model structures of 64 atoms with various mass densities and nitrogen contents are generated by the liquid-quench method using Car-Parinello molecular dynamics. By using Raman coupling tensors calculated with the finite electric field method, Raman spectra are obtained. The calculated results show that the vibrations of C=N could directly contribute to the Raman spectrum. The similarity of the Raman line shapes of N-doped and N-free amorphous carbons is due to the overlapping of C=N and C=C vibration bands. In addition, the origin of characteristic Raman peaks is also given.     

Modulation of electroencephalograph activity by manual acupuncture stimulation in healthy subjects:An autoregressive spectral analysis

To investigate whether and how manual acupuncture(MA) modulates brain activities,we design an experiment where acupuncture at acupoint ST36 of the right leg is used to obtain electroencephalograph(EEG) signals in healthy subjects.We adopt the autoregressive(AR) Burg method to estimate the power spectrum of EEG signals and analyze the relative powers in delta(0 Hz-4 Hz),theta(4 Hz-8 Hz),alpha(8 Hz-13 Hz),and beta(13 Hz-30 Hz) bands.Our results show that MA at ST36 can significantly increase the EEG slow wave relative power(delta band) and reduce the fast wave relative powers(alpha and beta bands),while there are no statistical differences in theta band relative power between different acupuncture states.In order to quantify the ratio of slow to fast wave EEG activity,we compute the power ratio index.It is found that the MA can significantly increase the power ratio index,especially in frontal and central lobes.All the results highlight the modulation of brain activities with MA and may provide potential help for the clinical use of acupuncture.The proposed quantitative method of acupuncture signals may be further used to make MA more standardized.     

Linewidth of electromagnetically induced transparency under motional averaging in a coated vapor cell

The linewidth of electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) in a coated Rb vapor cell was studied under a magnetic field gradient.The nonlinear broadening of the EIT linewidth with the magnetic field gradient was observed.It was found that the motional averaging of the field gradient was more pronounced at higher laser intensities and larger beam sizes.In the same regime,there was a small linewidth decrease with the increasing magnetic field gradient.We have established a Monte-Carlo model,which gave results in good qualitative agreement with our experiment.Physics pictures for the above phenomena were also suggested.These results provide an understanding of the EIT linewidth behavior under motional averaging,and should be useful for applications in quantum optics and metrology based on coated vapor cells.     

Efficient and rapid accuracy estimation of the Earth’s gravitational field from next-generation GOCE Follow-On by the analytical method

Firstly, a new analytical error model of the cumulative geoid height using the three-dimensional diagonal tensors of satellite gravity gradiometry (SGG) is introduced based on the variance-covariance matrix principle. Secondly, a study for the requirements demonstration on the next-generation GOCE Follow-On satellite gravity gradiometry system is developed using different satellite orbital altitudes and measurement accuracies of satellite gravity gradiometer by the new analytical error model of SGG. The research results show that it is preferable to design satellite orbital altitudes of 300 km-400km and choose the measurement accuracies of 10-13/s2 -10-15/s2 from satellite gravity gradiometer. Finally, the complementarity of the four-stage satellite gravity missions, including past CHAMP, current GRACE, and GOCE, and next-generation GOCE Follow-On, is contrastively demonstrated for precisely recovering the Earth’s full-frequency gravitational field with high spatial resolution.