An investigation of intermittency in proton-gold, oxygen-gold, sulphur-gold and sulphur-sulphur interactions at 200 GeV per nucleon

The intermittency phenomenon is investigated in proton-gold, oxygen-gold, sulphur-gold and sulphur-sulphur collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon. The data were taken with the NA 35 streamer chamber detector at the CERN SPS. The data samples are carefully corrected for double counting of tracks and for contamination from photon conversions, particle decays and secondary interactions. The analysis is carried out in terms of factorial moments, using a new definition, and of correlation integrals. Both methods show the presence of nonstatistical fluctuations (intermittency). The main conclusions are: The observation of the effect for pairs of hadrons with negative charges and its near absence for pairs of opposite charges is consistent with the assumption that Bose-Einstein correlations yield the dominant contribution. The intermittency effect is not proportional to (dn/dy)^–1 which would be expected in superposition models. The measured relation between the second and third factorial moment for negative hadrons indicates that genuine 3-particle correlations are small. The predictions of a Monte Carlo simulation which is based on the Lund Fritiof model with the inclusion of Bose-Einstein correlations agree with the experimental results.Deceased     

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Few-Body Systems — News Section

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Spin correlations in amorphous Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox

Zero and longitudinal field SR has been used to probe the magnetic state of amorphous Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_x prepared by rapid quenching from the melt. The results suggest quasi-static spin correlations between extremely dilute Cu²⁺ ions.Work performed while at the J J Thomson Physical Laboratory, University of Reading.     

Spectroscopy of excited state positronium

Electric dipole transitions in the microwave range have been induced between the fine-structure levels of positronium in the excited staten=2. As an indication of the transitions, we used the increase in Lyman- radiation when the metastable 2³S₁-level is depopulated. The results for the transitions 2³S₁2³P_0,1,2 are ₀=18499.65±1.20±4.00 MHz, ₁=13012.42 ±0.65±1.54 MHz and ₂=8624.38±0.54±1.40 MHz. The first error is statistical and the second systematic. The precision of the present measurement has improved by a factor of 3, compared to previous data. Recent bound state QED-calculations have been extended to the orderR _t8 ⁴ln ^–1. The not yet completely calculated orderR _t8 ⁴ is estimated to contribute less than 1 MHz. Our experimental results are in good agreement with theory. By applying a weak magnetic field, we were able to observe the transition 2³S₁2¹P₁ which is strictly forbidden byC-invariance in zero field. Our result, corrected for Zeeman- and motional Starkeffect, is ₃=11180.0±5.0±4.0 MHz. An upper limit for theC-violating matrix element of MHz could be deduced. Our experiment used moderated slow positrons from the bremsstrahlung and pair production of a pulsed electron linear accelerator (TEPOS facility at the university of Giessen).     

Evaluation of electric hyperfine interactions inAuFe andCrFe

A detailed analysis of room temperature⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectra ofAuFe (5 at.% Fe) andCrFe (5, 10 at.% Fe) samples is presented. The deviation from Lorentzian line shape observed in the spectra indicates both thickness effects and structural disorder in these systems. The thickness effect has been taken into account using a new fitting technique that solves the transmission integral numerically rather than relying on the thin absorber approximation. The present results and analyses using both the thin absorber approximation and the full transmission integral methods on these alloy systems are compared with earlier results obtained on these alloy systems using only the thin absorber approximation.     

1H one- and two-dimensional five-pulse ESEEM investigations on a radiation center in betaine phosphite single crystals

1D and 2D five-pulse ESEEM experiments on a PO ₃ ^2? center in γ-irradiated betaine phosphite are presented to study the protons bound to the radical in more detail. The ESEEM results are in accordance with previous ENDOR investigations. From the 2D fivepulse ESEEM experiments the¹H ENDOR assignment in the ferroelectric ordered state of betaine phosphite could be completed. Additionally, the occurrence of ordered proton states in the disordered paraelectric high-temperature phase and of disordered proton states in the ordered ferroelectric low-temperature phase as well could be observed due to the enhanced resolution of the 2D method.     

The CO fundamental-band laser as secondary frequency standard at 5 µm

We present a very high-resolution heterodyne spectrometer based on a CO laser which operates down to fundamental-band transitions of the molecule. This allows us to detect saturated absorption signals on these transitions at very low pressure (0.4 Pa) and laser intensity (< 1 mW/cm²), yielding a linewidth of about 250 kHz. With the CO fundamental-band laser stabilized to these saturation signals we have measured the transition frequencies of the fundamental bands of three isotopic species to an accuracy of typically 20 kHz (v/v 3 × 10^–10), referenced to the CO₂ frequency standard. Together with additional frequency measurements of the first hot bands, these provide the first heterodyne frequency data of sub-Doppler accuracy for transitions in low lying bands of CO. They now represent the most accurate secondary frequency standard in the spectral region around 5 µm (60 THz).