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71.
Peter J. Price 《Solid State Communications》1984,51(8):607-608
It is shown that, for two-dimensional heterolayer conduction at low temperatures, the phonon-scattering contribution to the reciprocal of the ohmic mobility has a Bloch-Grüneisen regime, for low enough temperatures T, in which the deformation coupling gives a term proportional to T7 and (for polar semiconductors) piezoelectric coupling gives a term proportional to T5. It is pointed out that there could be an intermediate temperature range with a slower T dependence. 相似文献
72.
Bermejo FJ Saboungi ML Price DL Alvarez M Roessli B Cabrillo C Ivanov A 《Physical review letters》2000,85(1):106-109
Well-defined microscopic collective excitations are found in liquid Ni at 1763 K by means of inelastic neutron scattering. Such excitations are supported by the liquid despite an anharmonic character of its thermodynamic functions. Consideration of the detailed shape of the interionic pair potential provides a way to understand why atomic motions at microscopic scales behave in a way much closer to the alkali metals than to the liquefied rare gases. 相似文献
73.
The motion of a holonomic scleronomic non-conservative mechanicalsystem with minimal dissipation is considered. As applicationsof the theory several problems are studied in detail. 相似文献
74.
A Mukherjee M Dasgupta DJ Hinde CR Morton AC Berriman RD Butt JO Newton H Timmers 《Pramana》2001,57(1):195-198
Fusion cross-sections for the 7Li + 12C reaction have been measured at energies above the Coulomb barrier by the direct detection of evaporation residues. The heavy
evaporation residues with energies below 3 MeV could not be separated out from the α-particles in the spectrum and hence their
contribution was estimated using statistical model calculations. The present work indicates that suppression of fusion cross-sections
due to the breakup of 7Li may not be significant for 7Li + 12C reaction at energies around the barrier. 相似文献
75.
An interpretation of structural sorting diagrams for AB type compounds using molecular orbital ideas
The factors governing the structure adopted by a particular AB compound are investigated by deriving two parameters reflecting aspects of the interaction between A and B, using simple molecular orbital ideas, which can be quantified by use of atomic parameters derived from pseudopotential theory. A plot of the values of these two parameters, for a large database of compounds, produces a remarkable topological clustering of AB compounds with the same structure. This structural sorting can also be effected for nonoctet AB compounds if the number of electrons is taken into account. These parameters are related to other indices, Rσ, Rπ, previously used by Bloch, Zunger, Phillips et al. to construct structural sorting diagrams. Hence we find a justification for the success of such displays, and shed light on the reasons underpinning structural preference, in terms of the number of valence electrons, and the relative positions of the energy levels of the constituent atoms. There appear to be strong similarities between the electronic reasons behind atomic site preferences in molecules and this site preference or coordination number problem in solids. 相似文献
76.
A three-dimensional full-Stokes computational model is considered for determining the dynamics,temperature,and thickness of ice sheets.The goveming thermomechanical equations consist of the three-dimensional full-Stokes system with nonlinear rheology for the momentum,an advective-diffusion energy equation for temperature evolution,and a mass conservation equation for ice-thickness changes.Here,we discuss the variable resolution meshes,the finite element discretizations,and the parallel algorithms employed by the model components.The solvers are integrated through a well-designed coupler for the exchange of parametric data between components.The discretization utilizes high-quality,variable-resolution centroidal Voronoi Delaunay triangulation meshing and existing parallel solvers.We demonstrate the gridding technology,discretization schemes,and the efficiency and scalability of the parallel solvers through computational experiments using both simplified geometries arising from benchmark test problems and a realistic Greenland ice sheet geometry. 相似文献
77.
78.
Yankeelov TE Luci JJ Lepage M Li R Debusk L Lin PC Price RR Gore JC 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2005,23(4):519-529
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can assess tumor perfusion, microvascular vessel wall permeability and extravascular-extracellular volume fraction. Analysis of DCE-MRI data is usually based on indicator dilution theory that requires knowledge of the concentration of the contrast agent in the blood plasma, the arterial input function (AIF). A method is presented that compares the tissues of interest (TOI) curve shape to that of a reference region (RR), thereby eliminating the need for direct AIF measurement. By assigning literature values for Ktrans (the blood perfusion-vessel permeability product) and v(e) (extravascular-extracellular volume fraction) in a reference tissue, it is possible to extract the Ktrans and v(e) values for a TOI without knowledge of the AIF. The operational RR equation for DCE-MRI analysis is derived, and its sensitivity to noise and incorrect assignment of the RR parameters is tested via simulations. The method is robust at noise levels of 10%, returning accurate (+/-20% in the worst case) and precise (+/-15% in the worst case) values. Errors in the TOI Ktrans and v(e) values scale approximately linearly with the errors in the assigned RR Ktrans and v(e) values. The methodology is then applied to a Lewis Lung Carcinoma mouse tumor model. A slowly enhancing TOI yielded Ktrans=0.039+/-0.002 min-1 and v(e)=0.46+/-0.01, while a rapidly enhancing region yielded Ktrans=0.35+/-0.05 min-1 and v(e)=0.31+/-0.01. Parametric Ktrans and v(e) mappings manifested a tumor periphery with elevated Ktrans (>0.30 min-1) and v(e) (>0.30) values. The main advantage of the RR approach is that it allows for quantitative assessment of tissue properties without having to obtain high temporal resolution images to characterize an AIF. This allows for acquiring images with higher spatial resolution and/or SNR, and therefore, increased ability to probe tissue heterogeneity. 相似文献
79.
Abachi S Derrick M Kooijman P Musgrave B Price LE Repond J Sugano K Blockus D Brabson B Brom J Jung C Ogren H Rust DR Akerlof C Chapman J Errede D Ken MT Meyer DI Neal H Nitz D Thun R Tschirhart R Baringer P Bylsma BG DeBonte R Koltick D Low EH McIlwain RL Miller DH Ng CR Shibata EI 《Physical review D: Particles and fields》1989,40(3):902-905
80.
A new stimulated echo based pulsed gradient spin-echo sequence, MAG-PGSTE, has been developed for the determination of self-diffusion in magnetically inhomogeneous samples. The sequence was tested on two glass bead samples (i.e., 212-300 and <106 microm glass bead packs). The MAG-PGSTE sequence was compared to the MAGSTE (or MPFG) (P.Z. Sun, J.G. Seland, D. Cory, Background gradient suppression in pulsed gradient stimulated echo measurements, J. Magn. Reson. 161 (2003) 168-173; P.Z. Sun, S.A. Smith, J. Zhou, Analysis of the magic asymmetric gradient stimulated echo sequence with shaped gradients, J. Magn. Reson. 171 (2004) 324-329; P.Z. Sun, Improved diffusion measurement in heterogeneous systems using the magic asymmetric gradient stimulated echo (MAGSTE) technique, J. Magn. Reson. 187 (2007) 177-183; P. Galvosas, F. Stallmach, J. K?rger, Background gradient suppression in stimulated echo NMR diffusion studies using magic pulsed field gradient ratios, J. Magn. Reson. 166 (2004) 164-173, P. Galvosas, PFG NMR-Diffusionsuntersuchungen mit ultra-hohen gepulsten magnetischen Feldgradienten an mikropor?sen Materialien, Ph.D. Thesis, Universit?t Leipzig, 2003, P.Z. Sun, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy and Diffusion, Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003] sequence and Cotts 13-interval [R.M. Cotts, M.J.R. Hoch, T. Sun, J.T. Marker, Pulsed field gradient stimulated echo methods for improved NMR diffusion measurements in heterogeneous systems, J. Magn. Reson. 83 (1989) 252-266] sequence using both glass bead samples. The MAG-PGSTE and MAGSTE (or MPFG) sequences outperformed the Cotts 13-interval sequence in the measurement of diffusion coefficients; more interestingly, for the sample with higher background gradients (i.e., the <106 microm glass bead sample), the MAG-PGSTE sequence provided higher signal-to-noise ratios and thus better diffusion measurements than the MAGSTE and Cotts 13-interval sequences. In addition, the MAG-PGSTE sequence provided good characterization of the surface-to-volume ratio for the glass bead samples. 相似文献