Formulation of Naringin Encapsulation in Zein/Caseinate Biopolymers and its Anti-adipogenic Activity in 3T3-L1 Pre-adipocytes

Journal of Cluster Science - Naringin, a dietary flavonoid of citrus fruits, was encapsulated in biodegradable proteins of zein/casein biopolymers for its enhanced functional properties. The...     

Ordered and Canonical Ramsey Numbers of Stars

A canonical version of Ramsey’s Theorem proved by Erdös and Rado, implies that given any acyclic digraph D, there exists a least integer ρ _c (D) = n, such that every arc colouring (with an arbitrary number of colours) of the transitive tournament TT _n contains a canonically coloured D (in the sense of Erdös-Rado). It follows that if P _m is a directed path and D is an acyclic digraph, then there exists a least integer ρ_*(P _m , D) = n such that every arc coloring of TT _n , with an arbitrary number of colours, contains either a P _m with no two arcs of the same colour or a monochromatic D. Recently, Lefmann, Rödl and Thomas [4], Lefmann and Rödl [5] have studied the numbers ρ_*(P _n , P _m ) and ρ_*(P _n , TT _m ). In this paper we find ρ_*(P _n , S _m ), where S _m is the out-star and give bounds for ρ _c (S _{m, n} ) where S _{m, n} is the directed star with m in-arcs and n out-arcs at the centre.     

Subordination properties of certain integrals

Let B₁(μ,β) denote the class of functions f(z)= z + a ₂ z ² + h+ a _n z ^m +… that are analytic in the unit disc Δ and satisfy the condition Ref′(z)(f(z)/z)^?-1 > β, zεΔ, for some ?>0 and β< 1. Denote by S*(0)for B₁(0,0). For μ andc such thatc > -μ, letF =I _gm,c (f) be defined by $$F(z) = \left[ {\frac{{\mu + c}}{{Z^c }}\int_0^z {f^\mu (t)} t^{c - 1} dt} \right]^{1/\mu } ,z \in \Delta .$$ The author considers the following two types of problems: (i) To find conditions on ?,c and ρ > 0 so thatfεB ₁ (μ -ρ) implies I_μ,c(f<εS*(0); (ii) To determine the range of μ and δ > 0 so that fεB₁ (μ -δ) impliesI _μο (f)εS*(0); We also prove that if / satisfies Re(f′(z) +zf′’(z)) > 0 in Δ then the nth partial sumf _n off satisfiesf_n(z)/z? -1 -(2/z)log(l -z)in Δ. Here, ? denotes the subordination of analytic functions with univalent analytic functions. As applications we also give few examples.     

Stereoselective synthesis of tri- and tetrasubstituted oxepanes via n-Bu3SnH mediated 7-endo-trig vinyl radical cyclisation

A stereoselective 7-endo-trig cyclisation of homopropargyl and phenyl homopropargyl derivatives of Baylis-Hillman adducts using n-Bu₃SnH/AIBN mediated vinyl radical cyclisation affords tri- and tetrasubstituted oxepanes, respectively, in good yields.     

A facile and efficient stereoselective synthesis of highly functionalised trisubstituted alkene derivatives of ferrocenealdehyde

The reaction of the Baylis–Hillman adduct 2 of ferrocenealdehyde with various oxygen and carbon nucleophiles in the presence of montmorillonite K10 clay catalyst furnished highly functionalised trisubstituted alkene derivatives of ferrocenealdehyde in excellent yield. Synthetic use of one of products 7 has been demonstrated with the synthesis of a 1,3-diyne ether derivative of ferrocene 16 via an Eglinton coupling reaction.     

Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure study of disordering in Gd2(Ti1-yZry)2O7 pyrochlores

Disorder in Gd2(Ti(1-y)Zry)2O7 pyrochlores, for y = 0.0-1.0, is investigated by Ti 2p and O 1s near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Ti(4+) ions are found to occupy octahedral sites in Gd2Ti2O7 with a tetragonal distortion induced by vacant oxygen sites. As Zr substitutes for Ti, the tetragonal distortion decreases, and Zr coordination increases from 6 to 8. The migration of oxygen ions from 48f or 8b sites to vacant 8a sites compensate for the increased Zr coordination, thereby reducing the number of vacant 8a sites, which further reduces the tetragonal distortion and introduces more disorder around Ti. This is evidence for simultaneous cation disorder with anion migration.     

Synthesis of fluorescent,dansyl end‐functionalized PMMA and poly(methyl methacrylate‐b‐phenanthren‐1‐yl‐methacrylate) diblock copolymers,at ambient temperature

The polymerization of MMA, at ambient temperature, mediated by dansyl chloride is investigated using controlled radical polymerization methods. The solution ATRP results in reasonably controlled polymerization with PDI < 1.3. The SET‐LRP polymerization is less controlled while SET‐RAFT polymerization is controlled producing poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with the PDI < 1.3. In all the cases, the polymerization rate followed first order kinetics with respect to monomer conversion and the molecular weight of the polymer increased linearly with conversion. The R group in the CTAs do not appear to play a key role in controlling the propagation rate. SET‐RAFT method appears to be a simpler tool to produce methacrylate polymers, under ambient conditions, in comparison with ATRP and SET‐LRP. Fluorescent diblock copolymers, P(MMA‐b‐PhMA), were synthesized. These were highly fluorescent with two distinguishable emission signatures from the dansyl group and the phenanthren‐1‐yl methacrylate block. The fluorescence emission spectra reveal interesting features such as large red shift when compared to the small molecule. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

Analysis on air suspended particles of Coimbatore — a FTIR study

An infrared absorption method has been used to identify the minerals in dust collected from some parts of Coimbatore, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu without grinding. The KBr pellet technique was employed. The results obtained from the IR spectra show the presence of quartz, asbestos, kaolinite, calcite, haematite, montmorllonite, nacrite and coal. The hazardous effect of inhalation of these minerals are explained. The results show Pollachi main road is more contaminated with hazardous minerals.     

Montmorillonite K10 Clay Catalysed Friedel-Crafts Aralkylation in Room Temperature: Synthesis of Functionalised Linear Aryl-Alkyl-Aryl Systems

The Montmorillonite K10 clay catalysed Friedel-Crafts aralkylation of compound 2 with a number of aromatic hydrocarbons furnished functionalised linear Aryl-Alkyl-Aryl systems in good yield. A comparative study of this reaction was carried out with mont-K10 and Fe³⁺-Mont-K10.     

Synthesis and characterization of a new organic nonlinear optical crystal: l-Phenylalaninium maleate

l-Phenylalaninium maleate (abbreviated as LPM) chemical formula C₉H₁₂NO₂⁺·C₄H₃O₄⁻, a new organic nonlinear optical crystal was grown by slow evaporation technique. Transparent needle shaped crystal of dimensions 7 mm × 1 mm × 0.5 mm was obtained. Single crystals of LPM have been subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to estimate the lattice parameters and the space group. The powder X-ray diffractogram of the crystal has been recorded and the reflections from various planes are identified. The XRD studies confirm the crystalline nature. The qualitative analysis on the crystal has been carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Fourier transform Raman (FTRaman) spectral measurements. The presence of hydrogen and carbon in the grown crystal was confirmed by using proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analyses. Optical behaviour of the crystal was investigated using UV–vis spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the crystal was analysed with the aid of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The nonlinear optical (NLO) property of the crystal was tested by Nd:YAG laser source.