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11.
We have found the angular dependence of the surface tension using simplified models including short-range interaction as well as long-range interaction. The shape of a rounded surface is found in total range of angles as well as sizes of rectilinear (smooth) faces depending on parameters of a model and the temperature. Some dimensionless ratios have occurred to be universal. 相似文献
12.
R. P. Schmitt T. Botting G. G. Chubarian K. L. Wolf B. J. Hurst H. Jabs M. Hamelin A. Bacak Yu. Ts. Oganessian M. G. Itkis E. M. Kozulin N. A. Kondratiev V. S. Salamatin I. V. Pokrovsky F. Hanappe E. de Goès Brennand A. Huck L. Stuttgé E. Liatard J. Beene R. Varner M. Halbert N. Gan 《Physics of Atomic Nuclei》2003,66(6):1163-1167
The time scales for nuclear fission have been explored using both pre-and postfission neutrons and GDR gamma rays. Four systems were investigated: 133-MeV 16O + 176Yb and 208Pb and 104-MeV 4He + 188Os and 209Bi. Fission fragments were measured in coincidence with PPACs. The neutrons were detected using eight detectors from the DEMON array, while gamma rays were measured using the US BaF2 array. The pre-and postfission gamma rays were determined using moving source fits parallel and perpendicular to the fission fragment emission directions. The time scales for fission for the neutrons were determined using the neutron clock technique. The gamma-ray data were fitted using a statistical model calculation based on the code CASCADE. The results of the fits from both data types were used to extract nuclear friction coefficients, γ, and fission time scales. The γ values ranged from 7 to 20, while the fission times were (31–105)×10?21 s. 相似文献
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E. G. Boos A. H. Vinitsky A. Sh. Gaitinov L. E. Eremenko B. O. Zhautykov N. A. Zastrozhnova M. Izbasarov N. S. Pokrovsky V. V. Samoilov L. A. Sanko I. S. Streltsov T. Temiraliev A. V. Kholmetskaya 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1995,351(2):209-215
The data obtained by the bubble chambers and nuclear photoemulsion in the interval of energies from 4 up to 400 GeV have been analysed in the quasirapidity scale with the purpose of secondary hadrons' clasterisation study. The new method of the multiparticle correlations, independing on the energy, quasirapidity interval chosen and models, has been proposed in this work. It is shown that the density correlations of different signs in the analysed events are observed. Among their the events with maximal densities, in which the correlations factor does not differ from background beyond a double statistical error, are not observed. However are bumps at 400 GeV the values of which require an affimation. 相似文献
17.
Ehrlich H Koutsoukos PG Demadis KD Pokrovsky OS 《Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)》2008,39(8):1062-1091
In contrast to biomineralization phenomena, that are among the most widely studied topics in modern material and earth science and biomedicine, much less is systematized on modern view of demineralization. Biomineralized structures and tissues are composites, containing a biologically produced organic matrix and nano- or microscale amorphous or crystalline minerals. Demineralization is the process of removing the inorganic part, or the biominerals, that takes place in nature via either physiological or pathological pathways in organisms. In vitro demineralization processes, used to obtain mechanistic information, consist in the isolation of the mineral phase of the composite biomaterials from the organic matrix. Physiological and pathological demineralization include, for example, bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. Bioerosion, a more general term for the process of deterioration of the composite biomaterials represents chemical deterioration of the organic and mineral phase followed by biological attack of the composite by microorganisms and enzymes. Bioerosional organisms are represented by endolithic cyanobacteria, fungi, algae, plants, sponges, phoronids and polychaetes, mollusks, fish and echinoids.In the history of demineralization studies, the driving force was based on problems of human health, mostly dental caries. In this paper we summarize and integrate a number of events, discoveries, milestone papers and books on different aspect of demineralization during the last 400 years. Overall, demineralization is a rapidly growing and challenging aspect of various scientific disciplines such as astrobiology, paleoclimatology, geomedicine, archaeology, geobiology, dentistry, histology, biotechnology, and others to mention just a few. 相似文献
18.
The viscous motion of an interface driven by an ac external field of frequency omega(0) in a random medium is considered here in the nonadiabatic regime. The velocity exhibits a smeared depinning transition showing a double hysteresis which is absent in the adiabatic case omega(0)-->0. Using scaling arguments and an approximate renormalization group calculation we explain the main characteristics of the hysteresis loop. In the low frequency limit these can be expressed in terms of the depinning threshold and the critical exponents of the adiabatic case. 相似文献
19.
V. V. Atuchin V. A. Kochubey L. D. Pokrovsky V. N. Kruchinin C. V. Ramana 《Optics and Spectroscopy》2014,117(3):423-427
The optical properties of the highly-textured V2O5 thin-films grown on Si(100) by sputter-deposition at various oxygen reactive-pressures were investigated in detail. The profiles of the optical constants, namely the refractive index and extinction coefficient, of V2O5 films were evaluated in the photon-energy range of 1–5 eV. At photon-energy above 2.5 eV, the dispersion behavior in optical constants is explained based on Lorentz-Drude model. The refractive index dispersion fits to a Cauchy’s relation at photon-energy below 2.5 eV, where the V2O5-film is mostly transparent. The optical transitions across the bandgap occur at energy ~2.5–3.2 eV depending on the V2O5 growth conditions and film-microstructure. The highly-textured and c-axis oriented V2O5-films, fabricated under optimum conditions of temperature and oxygen partial pressure, exhibit excellent optical characteristics similar to V2O5 single crystals. 相似文献
20.
A relativistic field-gradient (ponderomotive) force in a laser standing wave ceases to exist in a familiar form; e.g., the adiabatic Hamiltonian is not separable into kinetic and potential energies for electrons moving in the antinode planes. We show that the force in the direction across the initial motion of an electron reverses its sign and makes the high-field areas attractive for electrons, opposite to a regular ponderomotive force. The reversal occurs at a relativistic-scale incident momentum, and represents the only effect known so far that pins down a distinct borderline between relativistic and nonrelativistic motion. 相似文献