Geometry of strength theory

Equations of the strength surface are proposed. The equations contain second- and fourth-power terms with respect to stresses acting over the areas of structural symmetry in the orthropic material.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 703–707, 1967     

Reaction of bicyclic dienes with 4-substituted-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones

Reaction of 1,2-dihydrophthalic anhydride and several of its imide derivatives, 1,2-dihydrophthalide and 1,2-dihydrophthalan with N-methyl- and N-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione affords two configurational families of adducts through attack from both possible directions. Major attack in the first three cases occurs mainly syn- to the hetero-ring but in the two latter cases anti- to it. These results may be explained by invoking stabilization of the transition state in the former cases through secondary orbital overlap and by simple steric effects in the latter.     

THE EMBRYOTOXIC EFFECT OF PHOTOTHERAPY: SEPARATION OF THERAPEUTIC AND GAMETOTOXIC ACTIVITIES

Abstract— Illumination of gametes of the American sea urchin with visible light from a phototherapy unit causes abnormal development. Filters prevent these embryotoxic effects and permit their separation from the therapeutic effect of these lights, i.e. conversion of bilirubin to water-soluble products.     

On the equivalence of the Fröhlich and the Bloch approaches to the electron-phonon coupling

It is shown that the Fröhlich approach for calculating electron-phonon coupling constants based on wave functions moving with the vibrating atoms can be set on a rigorous basis. This approach and the Bloch approach are shown to lead to the same physical results provided that one stays within the adiabatic approximation and considers both first and second order vertices (in the harmonic approximation). Advantages of the Fröhlich approach in past and in possible future calculations are discussed.     

Thermodynamics of the In|In+3 Electrode in HCl + InCl3 Solutions

Electromotive force measurements have been made using the cell $$\mbox{In(s)}|\mbox{HCl }(m_{\mathrm{A}}),\mbox{InCl}_{3}(m_{\mathrm{B}}),\mbox{H}_{2}\mbox{O}|\mbox{AgCl, Ag}$$ in the ionic strength range of I=0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mol?kg^?1 at 25?°C. The value of E ^o, the standard potential of the In/In³⁺ electrode, has been determined at 25?°C. Our value of E ^o (?0.3371 V) at 25?°C obtained from our measurements is in good agreement with ?0.336 (Hakomori, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 52: 2372–2376, 1930) and ?0.3382 V (Covington et al., J. Chem. Soc. 4394–4401, 1963). The activity coefficients of InCl₃ as well as Harned interaction coefficients have been determined at 25?°C for each of the experimental ionic strengths at ionic strength fractions of 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 of HCl. Harned’s rule for the salt is obeyed at I=0.05,0.1 and 0.25 mol?kg^?1 but the quadratic terms are needed for higher ionic strengths. These data, together with others for the activity coefficient of HCl in the same solutions, have been treated by the ion-interaction (Pitzer, Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions, CRC Press, 1991) equations in a previous publication.