全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2679篇 |
免费 | 68篇 |
国内免费 | 29篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1718篇 |
晶体学 | 13篇 |
力学 | 56篇 |
数学 | 552篇 |
物理学 | 437篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 99篇 |
2021年 | 100篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 56篇 |
2018年 | 55篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 97篇 |
2015年 | 74篇 |
2014年 | 108篇 |
2013年 | 191篇 |
2012年 | 178篇 |
2011年 | 185篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 122篇 |
2008年 | 143篇 |
2007年 | 161篇 |
2006年 | 147篇 |
2005年 | 152篇 |
2004年 | 122篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 60篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2776条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to investigate the effect of reactive ion etching (RIE) on poly(methylhydrogensiloxane-co-dimethylsiloxane) surface in fluorine-based plasmas. Polysiloxane layers supported on the standard silicon wafers were etched using SF6 + O2 or CF4 + O2 plasmas. SEM studies show that the polysiloxane morphology depends on plasma chemical composition strongly. Presence of a columnar layer likely covered with a fluorine rich compound was found on the elastomer surface after the CF4 + O2 plasma exposure. After the SF6 + O2 or CF4 + O2 plasma treatment the polysiloxane surface enriches with fluorine or with fluorine and aluminum, respectively. Different morphologies and surface chemical compositions of the silicone elastomer etched in both plasmas indicate different etching mechanisms. 相似文献
12.
Piotr Garbaczewski 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》1986,25(11):1193-1208
The Fock space for the fermion field can be identified with the Fock space for the boson field, provided the overall numbers of internal degrees of freedom are the same. As a consequence, the respective free field Hamiltonian systems are equivalent (dual): the four-component neutrino model is thus equivalent to the doublet of independent (electric and magnetic, respectively) Maxwell fields, which are quantized in the Coulomb gauge. This statement arises on the field theory level, and seems to make doubtful the claim that realistic photons can be constructed from (bound) neutrino pairs: each (anti)neutrino degree should be represented by the photon-type (electric and magnetic, respectively) degree of freedom. 相似文献
13.
Stefanowicz P 《European journal of mass spectrometry (Chichester, England)》2004,10(5):665-671
The cyclic peptides from linseed are composed exclusively of the hydrophobic amino acids: Phe, Leu, Ile, Val, Met, Pro, and Trp. Because these compounds does not contain functional groups which undergo easily protonation or deprotonation. their ionization in solvents used usually for peptide analysis is not efficient. A rapid and sensitive procedure for detection and structure elucidation of the cyclic peptides based on ionization with Na+ and NH4+ ions. A cationisation of methionine containing peptides with methyl iodide has been also described. The extract of seeds of Linum utitatissimum was analyzed directly by ESI-MS and neutral loss ESI-MS/MS technique. The analysis confirms the presence of cyclolinopeptides reported previously: CLA (c(Pro-Pro-Phe-Phe-Leu-Ile-Ile-Leu-Val), and CLB (c(Pro-Pro-Phe-Phe-Val-Ile-Met-Ile-Leu)). Cyclolinopeptides CLC, CLD, CLE, and CLG, which contain methionine oxide, were detected in relatively small quantities. These peptides results likely from the oxidation of their not reported precursors: CLD' (c (Pro- Phe-Phe-Trp-Ile-Met-Leu-Leu)), CLE'(c (Pro-Leu-Phe-Ile-Met-Leu-Val-Phe)), CLF (c (Pro-Phe-Phe-Trp- Val-Met-Leu-Met), and CLG (c (Pro-Phe-Phe-Trp-Ile-Met-Leu-Met), present at higher concentrations in the extract protected from atmospheric oxygen. The sequences of the unreported cyclic peptides were proposed on the basis of CID experiments and homology with peptides described by Morita,1,2 and supported by the fragmentation of synthetic analogues of CLA of a known structure. 相似文献
14.
We study arithmetical properties of homotopy groups of thel-adic completion of Quillen'sK-theory space of number field, with a view on the Dwyer-Friedlander comparison map into étaleK-theory. The relation of these groups toK-theory is a complete analogy to the relation of continuous étale cohomology to étale cohomology. We identify the torsion subgroup of the resulting
term with the subgroup of divisible elements inK
2n
(F). We prove that this
term is sent isomorphically into étaleK-theory, giving some further evidence for the Lichtenbaum-Quillen conjectures. 相似文献
15.
We prove the Cramér theorem forK-invariant Gaussian measures on irreducible symmetric spacesX=G/K withG semisimple noncompact. To do this we use a kind of Abel transform ofK-invariant measures onX.This research is supported by KBN Grant. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Binding energies of ionized donor–exciton complexes in crystals of CdSe, CdTe, and ZnSe are calculated using the most realistic effective potentials available for the electron–hole interaction. 相似文献
19.
Using the silver based mercury film electrode (SBMFE) and cyclic and stripping voltammetric techniques the behaviour of cadmium has been compared with the behaviour of lead as well as with the predictions of the theory of de Vries and van Dalen. At the SBMFE with film thickness between 0.1 and 2 μm lead behaves with good agreement with theoretical predictions and only at thicknesses higher than 2 μm some deviations occur due to collecting of the excess mercury at the bottom of the wire electrode. On the other hand even at thin film electrodes the behaviour of cadmium deviates significantly from the predictions of the theory. The height of the anodic peak decreases and its width increases; also the displacement of the potentials of both cathodic and anodic peaks is smaller than the values predicted theoretically. The deviations are caused neither by the formation of intermetallic compounds in the bulk of mercury phase nor by the formation of heterogenous cadmium amalgam; they reflect the interaction between cadmium dissolved in mercury and the solid silver amalgam which is the substrate of the mercury film. Owing to the effect discussed the stripping determination of cadmium at SBMFE is characterized by a lower sensitivity and reproducibility. 相似文献
20.
Gawroński J Grycz P Kwit M Rychlewska U 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2002,8(18):4210-4215
The absolute configuration and the conformation of 9,10-trans-disubstituted 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes, known chiral metabolites of phenanthrene-9,10-oxide, have been determined by circular dichroism. The absolute configuration assignment is based on the sign of the long-wavelength Cotton effect (A-band), which is conformation invariant and originates from benzylic chirality. This provides a new interpretation of the Mislow biphenyl-helicity rule for the case of the 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene chromophore. The sign of the B-band Cotton effect reflects the conformation of the biphenyl chromophore in 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes. It is shown that the origin of chiroptical properties of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes is closely related to those of 5,6-trans-disubstituted 1,3-cyclohexadienes. 相似文献