Inhibition of β-galactosidases with mono- and disaccharides

It was demonstrated that, in reactions of the hydrolysis of model substrate 2-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (2-NPGP) monosaccharides D-fructose and D-xylose with hydroxyl substituents oppositely directed at the neighboring carbon atoms in the furan ring, as in D-glucose, act as noncompetitive inhibitors of β-galactosidase from E. coli; for mushroom, β-galactosidases from P. canescens and A. oryzae D-galactose is a stronger inhibitor. It was also found that the inhibition constant is the highest in the case of the most active enzyme (E. coli) and is the lowest for the least active one (P. canescens).     

On the Skorokhod mapping for equations with reflection and possible jump-like exit from a boundary

For a solution of a reflection problem on a half-line similar to the Skorokhod reflection problem but with possible jump-like exit from zero, we obtain an explicit formula and study its properties. We also construct a Wiener process on a half-line with Wentzell boundary condition as a strong solution of a certain stochastic differential equation.     

Polarization phenomena in the intermediate energy elastic deuteron scattering from <Superscript>16</Superscript>C and <Superscript>16</Superscript>O nuclei

A model based on the multiple diffraction scattering theory and the α-cluster model with dispersion of target nuclei is proposed for describing the behavior of observables for the elastic deuteron scattering from ¹²C and ¹⁶O nuclei at intermediate energies. Differential cross-sections and analyzing powers calculated within this approach for incident-deuteron energies of 400 and 700 MeV are in a reasonable agreement with experimental data.     

Protective effect of 1-benzyl-2-R-pyridinium halides in steel acid corrosion

The inhibiting effect of 1-benzoyl-2-R-pyridinium halides on the acid corrosion of steel was studied and compared with that of 1-phenacylmethyl-2-R-pyridinium halides.     

S-matrix approach for description of refraction and absorption effects in9Be elastic scattering

A newS-matrix model was employed for analysing cross sections of⁹Be elastic scattering by¹²C,¹⁶O,²⁶Mg,²⁷Al,⁴⁰Ca,⁶⁰Ni and¹⁹⁷Au nuclei at 158 MeV. The results obtained are compared with those of optical model.     

The special features of protein adsorption isotherms on silica adsorbents

The adsorption isotherms of hemoglobin, peroxidase, and β-galactosidase on silochrome and mesoporous and biporous silicas were comparatively studied. Adsorption developed in two stages, including fast “reversible” protein adsorption (equilibrium was reached in t ≤ 1–2 h) and a “slow stage” of irreversible binding in t ≫ 24 h (multipoint adsorption). The corresponding equilibrium constants were determined. The mechanism of unlimited linear association of peroxidase in the adsorption layer on the surface of silochrome was established.     

Flash – lamp annealing of phosphorus and antimony implanted silicon

The structure and electrophysical properties of a silicon layers after P⁺ and Sb⁺ ion implantation and subsequent pulse annealing of millisecond lengths have been investigated by the transmission electron microscopy and four-point probe measurements. It has been demonstrated, that for certain implantation and annealing conditions the epitaxially grown layers can involve the microtwins and dislocation loops. The impurity redistribution under the pulse annealing depends on the implantation dose and rather weaker the light irradiation energy density.     

Peroxo derivatives of hydroxyapatite and calcium hydrophosphate

Hydroxyapatite and calcium hydrophosphate peroxo solvates were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and TGA to be used as biocompatible and antibacterial medicaments in manufacturing calcium phosphate bioceramics for implantations in orthopedics and dentistry. A wide range of hydrogen peroxide percentages in stable mixtures of mCa₅(PO₄)₃(OH) + nCaHPO₄ · H₂O₂ · H₂O (ranging from 0.5 to 18%) allows composites to be prepared with a tailored active oxygen content.     

Evolution of the dielectric and acoustic parameters of chromium-doped SBN single crystals with variations in temperature

The temperature dependences of the dielectric characteristics of Sr_0.61Ba_0.39Nb_{2 − x} O₆: Cr _x ³⁺ single crystals with x = 0.0, 0.005, and 0.010 are investigated in the low-frequency and infrared ranges. It is revealed that the behavior of the dielectric response exhibits specific features in the vicinity of the transition from the ferroelectric phase to the paraelectric phase and in the low-temperature range. The measurements are performed along the [001] (polar axis) and [100] directions. The temperature dependences of the relative sound velocity and the attenuation of elastic waves are also studied, and the temperature ranges of the anomalous behavior of these parameters are determined. The specific features revealed in the behavior of the dielectric and acoustic properties are considered from the viewpoint of the structural transformations occurring in the SBN system upon doping with a chromium impurity. Original Russian Text ? A.S. Pilipenko, A.I. Burkhanov, L.I. Ivleva, 2009, published in Fizika Tverdogo Tela, 2009, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 543–546.     

A Complex Approach to Noninvasive Estimation of Microcirculatory Tissue Impairments in Feet of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus using Spectroscopy

We investigate conditions for the occurrence of a bistable response from a thin layer of an ensemble of two-level inhomogeneously broadened emitters upon their interaction with resonant radiation. A Lorentz correction to the local field that acts on emitters is taken into account. Bistability phase diagrams in the parameter space (inhomogeneous broadening, detuning away from resonance, and local field) are calculated, and the occurrence of optical hysteresis of the system is demonstrated. In addition to this, we study the switching time from the lower stable branch of the bistable characteristics to the upper one and vice versa against the intensity of the driving field, which determines the operation speed of a bistable device. The possibility of using a thin layer of resonant emitters as a multichannel all-optical switch is discussed.