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81.
The preparations, stabilities and structures of the complexes R2TlX and R2 LTlX (R = C6F5, p-HC6F4, or o-HC6F4; X = Br or Cl; L = Ph3PO, 2,2′-bipyridyl (bpy) or Ph3P) have been examined or (R = C6 F5) reinvestigated. The derivatives R2TlX are monomeric in acetone, from which the complex (p-HC6F4)2 Me2COTIBr has been isolated. In this solvent, the complexes R2LTlX (L = Ph3PO, bpy, or Ph3P) undergo partial dissociation by loss of L. When L = bpy, there is also slight ionization into R2LTl+ and R2TlX?2. The acceptor properties of R2TlX compounds towards uncharged ligands decrease R = C6F5 ? p-HC6F4 > o-HC6F4 > Ph. Dimeric behaviour is observed for R2TIX compounds in benzene, whilst R2LTlX (L = Ph3PO or bpy) derivatives show slight but significant association. In the solid state, R2TlX compounds are considered to be polymeric with five coordinate thallium, and R2LTlX derivatives to be dimeric with five (L = Ph3PO) or six (L = bpy) coordinate thallium by contrast with four coordinate dimeric and four or five coordinate monomeric structures previously proposed for the respective pentafluorophenyl derivatives. Halogen bridging is unsymmetrical for R = C6F5 or p-HC6F4, but may be more symmetrical for R = o-HC6F4 when L = Ph3PO or bpy. Reported structural data for the complexes (C6F5)LTlX (L = Ph3AsO, Ph3P, Ph3As, or 1,10-phenanthroline; X = Br or Cl) and (C6F5)2TlCl?2 are reinterpreted and the proposed structures revised. 相似文献
82.
Kim Henrick Mary McPartlin Glen B. Deacon Roderic J. Phillips 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1980,204(3):287-294
An X-ray crystallographic study has shown that the complex (C6H5)2TlO2CC6F5(OPPh3) has a dimeric structure with unsymmetrical pentafluorobenzoate bridging (TlO 2.531 and 2.789 Å) but an exact crystallographic centre of symmetry. The pentafluorobenzoate groups are also unsymmetrically chelated to thallium (TlO 2.389 and 2.531 Å.), which overall has irregular six coordination. 相似文献
83.
[reaction; see text] Picosecond and nanosecond time-resolved resonance Raman (TR(3)) spectroscopy was employed to investigate the deprotonation/ionization reaction of p-hydroxyacetophenone (HA) after ultraviolet photolysis in water solution. The TR(3) spectra in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to characterize the structure and dynamics of the excited-state HA deprotonation to form HA anions in near neutral water solvent. DFT calculations based on a solute-solvent intermolecular H-bonded complex model containing up to three water molecules were used to evaluate the H-bond interactions and their influence on the deprotonation reaction and the structures of the intermediates. The deprotonation reaction was found to occur on the triplet manifold with a planar H-bonded HA triplet complex as the precursor species. The HA triplet species is generated within several picoseconds and then decays with a approximately 10 ns time constant to produce the HA triplet anion species after 267 nm photolysis of HA in water solution. The triplet anion species was observed to decay with a time constant of about 90 ns into the ground-state anion species that was found to have a lifetime of about 200 ns. The DFT calculations on the H-bonded complexes of the anion triplet and ground-states species suggest that these anion species are H-bonded complexes with planar quinonoidal structures containing two water molecules H-bonded, respectively, with oxygen lone pairs of the carbonyl and deprotonated hydroxyl moieties. A deactivation scheme of the photoexcited HA in regard to the deprotonation reaction in neutral water solutions was proposed. With the above dynamic and structural information available, we briefly discuss the possible implications of the model HA photochemistry in water solutions for the photodeprotection reactions of related p-HP phototrigger compounds in aqueous solutions. 相似文献
84.
S.L. Lin J. Mellor-Crummey B.M. Pettitt G.N. Phillips 《Journal of computational chemistry》1992,13(8):1022-1035
Dynamics simulations of molecular systems are notoriously computationally intensive. Using parallel computers for these simulations is important for reducing their turnaround time. In this article we describe a parallelization of the simulation program CHARMM for the Intel iPSC/860, a distributed memory multiprocessor. In the parallelization, the computational work is partitioned among the processors for core calculations including the calculation of forces, the integration of equations of motion, the correction of atomic coordinates by constraint, and the generation and update of data structures used to compute nonbonded interactions. Processors coordinate their activity using synchronous communication to exchange data values. Key data structures used are partitioned among the processors in nearly equal pieces, reducing the memory requirement per node and making it possible to simulate larger molecular systems. We examine the effectiveness of the parallelization in the context of a case study of a realistic molecular system. While effective speedup was achieved for many of the dynamics calculations, other calculations fared less well due to growing communication costs for exchanging data among processors. The strategies we used are applicable to parallelization of similar molecular mechanics and dynamics programs for distributed memory multiprocessors. © 1992 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
85.
N. S. Allen J. F. McKellar G. O. Phillips D. G. M. Wood 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1974,12(11):2647-2650
Phosphorescence from polyolefins was studied from the aspects of excitation and emission wavelength and lifetime. Effects of photochemical oxidation on polypropylene phosphorescence are discussed in contrast to the effects of thermal oxidation. 相似文献
86.
The fluorescence decay of the tertiary aliphatic animes trimethylamine (TMA), triethylamine (TEA) and tri-n-propylamine (TPA) in the vapour phase excited between 260 and 215 nm has been shown to consist of a single, wavelength-dependent, component when the first excited state is uniquely excited, but two components when the first and second excited states are simultaneously excited. This dual exponentiality persists at pressures as low as 10 mTorr, and it is argued that the two-component decay does not arise from collisional vibrational relaxation. 相似文献
87.
Summary A rapid and efficient procedure is described for extraction and determination of aminocaproic acid in horse urine. Urine was
extracted by passing through a bonded silica column (Bond-Elut). The adsorbed drug was washed free of endogenous materials
before being eluted. The extract was then examined by thin-layer chromatography and HPLC. The purity of the extract was determined
by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 相似文献
88.
Buck KK Gerhardt NI Dungan SR Phillips RJ 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2001,234(2):400-409
The effect of solute concentration on the equilibrium partitioning of sphere-like, colloidal solutes in stiff polymer hydrogels is examined theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical development is a statistical mechanics approach, and allows quantitative calculations to be performed to determine the concentration-dependent partition coefficient correct to first order in solute concentration at specific surface charge densities. The theory predicts that repulsive steric and/or electrostatic solute-fiber interactions exclude solute from the gel phase, but that repulsive solute-solute interactions cause partitioning into the gel to increase with increasing solute concentration. These trends are enhanced for larger solutes, increased fiber volume fractions, or stronger electrostatic repulsion. Partition coefficients have also been measured for two proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and alpha-lactalbumin (ALA), in a system consisting of a salt solution and cubes of agarose hydrogel. To investigate the effect of electrostatic interactions, the experiments were performed at 0.15 M KCl and 0.01 M KCl. The theory underpredicts the strong electrostatic repulsion between BSA macromolecules at the lower ionic strength. The experimental results for ALA show the influence of an attractive interaction between the protein macromolecules, in addition to hard-sphere repulsive and electrostatic interactions. Copyright 2001 Academic Press. 相似文献
89.
90.