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41.
P. A. J. van den Bogert R. de Borst 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》1994,64(2):136-146
Summary The mechanical behaviour of rubberlike materials is modelled in a phenomenological approach using a strain-energy formulation. Nonhomogeneous shear experiments on solid rubber specimens have been carried out as well as simple elongation tests on the same rubber compound. The elongation tests have been used to determine the model constants. By a comparison between experiment and numerical simulation of the nonhomogeneous shear test the predictive capabilities of the Mooney-Rivlin, the Ogden and the Besseling model have been assessed for compression-shear deformation paths. An analytical study explains the numerically observed behaviour.
Über das Verhalten von Gummimaterialien unter Druck und Schubverformungen
Übersicht Das mechanische Verhalten von Gummimaterialien wird phänomenologisch modelliert unter Anwendung einer Formänderungsenergiefunktion. Es sind nicht-homogene Schubversuche auf dreidimensionale Versuchsproben aus Gummi so wie auch einfache Verlängerungsversuche auf Gummiproben der gleichen Zusammenstellung durchgeführt worden. Die Verlängerungsversuche sind durchgeführt worden um die Stoffkennwerte feststellen zu können. In einer Vergleichung zwischen dem Experiment und der numerischen Simulation von nicht-homogenen Schubversuchen ist die Genauigkeit des Mooney-Rivlinschen Modells, des Ogdenschen Modells und des Besselingschen Modells für kombinierte Druck-Schubverformungen festgestellt worden. In einem analytischen Studium wird das numerisch betrachtete Verhalten auseinandergesetzt.相似文献
42.
P. I. H. Bastiaens S. G. Mayhew E. M. O'Naulláin A. van Hoek A. J. W. G. Visser 《Journal of fluorescence》1991,1(2):95-103
Both a mode-locked argon-ion laser and synchrotron radiation were used as excitation sources to obtain time-resolved polarized fluorescence of the two FAD cofactors in electron transferring flavoprotein fromMegasphaera elsdenii. Red-edge excited and blue-edge detected fluorescence anisotropy decay curves did not contain a fast relaxation process which was observed upon mainband excitation and detection. This relaxation was assigned to homo-energy transfer between the two FAD cofactors. Failure of energy transfer as observed with edge spectroscopy on this protein excludes restricted reorientational motion of the flavins as a possible mechanism of depolarization. From the global analysis of the fluorescence anisotropy decay surface obtained at multiple excitation and detection wavelengths, the distance between and the relative orientation of the flavins could be estimated. The methodology described has general applicability in other multichromophoric biopolymers and has the potential to acquire accurate geometrical parameters in these systems. 相似文献
43.
In this paper various ensemble learning methods from machine learning and statistics are considered and applied to the customer choice modeling problem. The application of ensemble learning usually improves the prediction quality of flexible models like decision trees and thus leads to improved predictions. We give experimental results for two real-life marketing datasets using decision trees, ensemble versions of decision trees and the logistic regression model, which is a standard approach for this problem. The ensemble models are found to improve upon individual decision trees and outperform logistic regression. 相似文献
44.
Michael Demuth Peter Stollmann Günter Stolz Jan van Casteren 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》1995,23(2):145-153
We give trace norm estimates for products of integral operators and for diffusion semigroups. These are applied to differences of heat semigroups. A natural example of an integral operator with finite trace which is not trace class is given. 相似文献
45.
In this paper we analyse numerical models for time-dependent Boussinesq equations. These equations arise when so-called Boussinesq terms are introduced into the shallow water equations. We use the Boussinesq terms proposed by Katapodes and Dingemans. These terms generalize the constant depth terms given by Broer. The shallow water equations are discretized by using fourth-order finite difference formulae for the space derivatives and a fourth-order explicit time integrator. The effect on the stability and accuracy of various discrete Boussinesq terms is investigated. Numerical experiments are presented in the case of a fourth-order Runge-Kutta time integrator. 相似文献
46.
Almost thirty years ago, Penny G. Estabrooks asked “Where and what are the scalar mesons?” (P. Estabrooks, Phys. Rev. D 19, 2678 (1979)). The first part of her question can now be confidently responded (E. van Beveren et al., Z. Phys. C 30, 615 (1986)). However, with respect to the “What” many puzzles remain unanswered. Scalar and axial-vector mesons form part
of a large family of mesons. Consequently, though it is useful to pay them some extra attention, there is no point in discussing
them as isolated phenomena. The particularity of structures in the scattering of --basically-- pions and kaons with zero angular
momentum is the absence of the centrifugal barrier, which allows us to “see” strong interactions at short distances. Experimentally
observed differences and similarities between scalar and axial-vector mesons on the one hand, and other mesons on the other
hand, are very instructive for further studies. Nowadays, there exists an abundance of theoretical approaches towards the
mesonic spectrum, ranging from confinement models of all kinds, i.e., glueballs, and quark-antiquark, multiquark and hybrid configurations, to models in which only mesonic degrees of freedom
are taken into account. Nature seems to come out somewhere in the middle, neither preferring pure bound states, nor effective
meson-meson physics with only coupling constants and possibly form factors. As a matter of fact, apart from a few exceptions,
like pions and kaons, Nature does not allow us to study mesonic bound states of any kind, which is equivalent to saying that
such states do not really exist. Hence, instead of extrapolating from pions and kaons to the remainder of the meson family,
it is more democratic to consider pions and kaons mesonic resonances that happen to come out below the lowest threshold for
strong decay. Nevertheless, confinement is an important ingredient for understanding the many regularities observed in mesonic
spectra. Therefore, excluding quark degrees of freedom is also not the most obvious way of describing mesons in general, and
scalars and axial-vectors in particular. 相似文献
47.
S. S. Banerjee S. Goldberg Y. Myasoedov M. Rappaport E. Zeldov A. Soibel F. de la Cruz J. van der Beek M. Konczykowski T. Tamegai V. Vinokur 《Pramana》2006,66(1):43-54
Disorder and porosity are parameters that strongly influence the physical behavior of materials, including their mechanical,
electrical, magnetic and optical properties. Vortices in superconductors can provide important insight into the effects of
disorder because their size is comparable to characteristic sizes of nanofabricated structures. Here we present experimental
evidence for a novel form of vortex matter that consists of inter-connected nanodroplets of vortex liquid caged in the pores
of a solid vortex structure, like a liquid permeated into a nanoporous solid skeleton. Our nanoporous skeleton is formed by
vortices pinned by correlated disorder created by high-energy heavy ion irradiation. By sweeping the applied magnetic field,
the number of vortices in the nanodroplets is varied continuously from a few to several hundred. Upon cooling, the caged nanodroplets
freeze into ordered nanocrystals through either a first-order or a continuous transition, whereas at high temperatures a uniform
liquid phase is formed upon delocalization-induced melting of the solid skeleton. This new vortex nanoliquid displays unique
properties and symmetries that are distinct from both solid and liquid phases. 相似文献
48.
Bram van Asch Henk Hollmann Henk van Tilborg 《Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A》2006,113(8):1594-1613
When Jack van Lint was appointed as full professor at the Eindhoven University of Technology at the age of 26 he combined a PhD in number theory with a very open scientific mind. It took a sabbatical visit to Bell Laboratories in 1966 to make him understand that a new and fascinating field of applied mathematics was emerging: discrete mathematics. It fascinated and inspired him for the rest of his life. When he passed away on September 28, 2004, he left behind a legacy of 18 books and 177 articles, covering many aspects of coding theory, combinatorics, and finite geometry.van Lint was also a strong international advocate of the role that discrete mathematics ought to play in modern applied mathematics curricula. Quite a few departments sought his advice. Years later, four different universities showed their appreciation by awarding him an honorary degree.This overview is an homage to van Lint's academic achievements and can serve as an introduction to his work for younger generations. 相似文献
49.
Remco van der Hofstad Gerard Hooghiemstra Piet Van Mieghem 《Random Structures and Algorithms》2002,20(4):519-539
In this paper we study the covariance structure of the number of nodes k and l steps away from the root in random recursive trees. We give an analytic expression valid for all k, l and tree sizes N. The fraction of nodes k steps away from the root is a random probability distribution in k. The expression for the covariances allows us to show that the total variation distance between this (random) probability distribution and its mean converges in probability to zero. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 20: 519–539, 2002 相似文献
50.