全文获取类型
收费全文 | 165篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 92篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 3篇 |
数学 | 36篇 |
物理学 | 35篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 10篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 13篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 13篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有168条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
Petros A. Psathas Edward A. Sander Min Young Lee Kwon Taek Lim Keith P. Johnston 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(1-3):65-80
The stability and curvature of emulsions of H2O and CO2 are reported and analyzed in terms of measurements of interfacial tension versus formulation variables, including salinity, CO2 density, temperature and pH. Among the surfactants studied are, quaternary ammonium cationic ones with perfluoropolyether tails, block copolymer ionomers and a poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) with polydimethylsiloxane tails, and a nonionic ethylene oxide surfactant with a fluoroalkane tail. The interfacial tension measurements were made at surfactant concentrations from 0.05 to 1.0 wt% with a variable-volume pendant drop tensiometer up to 345 bar and 363°K. As a formulation variable was varied, the system reached a balanced state characterized by a minimum in interfacial tension, a loss in emulsion stability and in some cases an inversion from a W/C to C/W emulsion. Here the Marangoni-Gibbs stabilization weakens, and also it becomes easy to bend and rupture the surfactant monolayer, causing coalescence. Except in the case of the nonionic fluorinated surfactant C8F17—SO2NEt-(CH2CH2O)12–14CH3, the crossover from the CO2-continuous (W/C) to the H2O-continuous (C/W) emulsion occurred abruptly due to clouding of the surfactant out of the CO2 phase. For PFPE-TMAA, the plot of γ versus surfactant concentration revealed both pre-micellar aggregates and a critical micro emulsion, each of which was dependent on salinity. 相似文献
162.
Petros A. Psathas Edward A. Sander Won Ryoo Daniel Mitchell Richard J. Lagow Kwon Taek Lim 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(1-3):81-92
Measurements of the interfacial tension, γ, for water-CO2-perfiuoropoly ether (PFPE) ionic surfactant systems are utilized to understand the surfactant affinity for the various phases and adsorption at the interface. A marked decrease in γ with salinity is observed as salt screens electrostatic repulsion and induces microemulsion formation, as confirmed with dynamic light scattering. In several cases, the interfacial tension goes through an unusual maximum with salinity, which is explained in terms of competition between surfactant affinity for the various phases and microemulsion formation. Fundamental studies of interfacial properties provide important insight for designing surfactants and experimental conditions to achieve the desired properties of water/CO2 microemulsions and emulsions. 相似文献
163.
Polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidines bearing a methyl group at C-5 have been synthesized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of five membered cyclic nitrones with methyl vinyl ketone followed by a N–O reductive cleavage and in situ intramolecular reductive amination. The stereochemistry of the obtained compounds is examined in relation to the reactions mechanism. 相似文献
164.
Petros Chatzigeorgiou Athinaida Mourelatou Evangelos Pollatos Dimitra Margari Nikolaos Zogzas Kyriakos Viras Thomas Mavromoustakos Charis E. Semidalas 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2018,131(2):887-898
The temperature dependence of conformational changes for partially and fully hydrated DPPC systems through two physicochemical techniques, namely DSC and Raman spectroscopy, is studied. DSC experiments have shown a different thermal behavior between the two considered systems, indicating the effective role of water in the thermal behavior. A temperature resolution of inter- and intramolecular interactions during the main melting phase transition was achieved by using three different Raman intensity ratios, which confirm that the main phase transition represents a two-stage transition. Van’t Hoff plots for the C–C, C–H, C=O and C4N+ stretching modes, in a temperature range just below the main transition temperature, have been used to compare the thermodynamic parameters extracted by the two physicochemical techniques. The significance of these results can be summarized as follows: (a) DSC and Raman spectroscopy have shown complementary results indicating that DPPC exists in partially or fully hydrated states; (b) thermodynamic parameters ΔΗ and ΔS calculated in both techniques for the two different hydration states of DPPC were in harmony; (c) water more significantly affects the thermal and dynamic properties of fully hydrated DPPC bilayers than of the partially hydrated DPPC; and (d) water disturbs the head-group packing, the alkyl chains interactions and the mesophase region. It appears that the amount of water plays a vital role in the bilayer structure. As more and more extensive studies appear in the literature on biomolecules or drug membrane interactions, this information will be valuable in understanding the role of water in these interactions. 相似文献
165.
Jason S. Hamilton Roberto Aguilar Robby A. Petros Guido F. Verbeck 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2017,28(5):918-928
The cellular metabolome is considered to be a representation of cellular phenotype and cellular response to changes to internal or external events. Methods to expand the coverage of the expansive physiochemical properties that makeup the metabolome currently utilize multi-step extractions and chromatographic separations prior to chemical detection, leading to lengthy analysis times. In this study, a single-step procedure for the extraction and separation of a sample using a micro-capillary as a separatory funnel to achieve analyte partitioning within an organic/aqueous immiscible solvent system is described. The separated analytes are then spotted for MALDI-MS imaging and distribution ratios are calculated. Initially, the method is applied to standard mixtures for proof of partitioning. The extraction of an individual cell is non-reproducible; therefore, a broad chemical analysis of metabolites is necessary and will be illustrated with the one-cell analysis of a single Snu-5 gastric cancer cell taken from a cellular suspension. The method presented here shows a broad partitioning dynamic range as a single-step method for lipid analysis demonstrating a decrease in ion suppression often present in MALDI analysis of lipids. 相似文献
166.
Kimbaris AC Siatis NG Daferera DJ Tarantilis PA Pappas CS Polissiou MG 《Ultrasonics sonochemistry》2006,13(1):54-60
A comparative study of traditional simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), microwave assisted hydrodistillation extraction (MWHD) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (USE) is presented, for the extraction of essential oils from fresh garlic (Allium sativum) cloves. Each method is evaluated in terms of qualitative and quantitative composition of the isolated essential oil. The highly reactive sulfur molecules of the garlic volatile fraction show variable response to the different isolation methods. The application of ultrasound for the extraction of the essential oil is considered to cause a lesser damage of thermal-sensitive molecules, thus, providing a better approach of the compounds primarily responsible for the characteristic odor and taste of freshly chopped garlic. All heat-involving isolation procedures have been shown to differentiate the volatile-fraction profile as analyzed by GC-MS. Especially when grouping the compounds into cyclic and acyclic, the percentage concentrations drop from 77.4% to 8.7% for the acyclic while that of the cyclic compounds increase from 4.7% to 70.8%. The observed fact may be attributed to the effect of the heat applied, which changes from harsh thermal treatment (SDE) to short time thermal (MWHD) and room-temperature isolation (USE). The use of USE proves to be crucial in order to provide reliable insight into garlic's chemistry. 相似文献
167.
168.
Clifford S. Morrison Jana B. LampeTesia C. Kolodziejczyk Ronaldo J. Cavazos Robby A. Petros 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
The synthesis of medium-ring heterocycles remains a challenge largely due to unfavorable energetic factors. We are reporting syntheses of 7–9-member diaza heterocycles that go to completion in 5 min, require no solvents, and are quantitative with the only byproducts being acetone and water. The reaction products could be isolated in pure form by simply placing the mixture under vacuum. The reaction sequence possesses many of the hallmarks of a click reaction. 相似文献