High-power high-stability Q-switched green laser with intracavity frequency doubling of diode-pumped composite ceramic Nd:YAG laser

We successfully obtain high-average-power high-stability Q-switched green laser based on diode-side-pumped composite ceramic Nd:YAG in a straight plano-concave cavity. The temperature distribution in composite ceramic Nd:YAG crystal is numerically analyzed and compared with that of conventional Nd:YAG crystal. By use of a composite ceramic Nd:YAG rod and a type-II high gray track resistance KTP (HGTR-KTP) crystal, a green laser with an average output power of 165 W is obtained at a repetition rate of 25 kHz, with a diode-to-green optical conversion of 14.68%, and a pulse width of 162 ns. To the best of our knowledge, both the output power and optical-to-optical efficiency are the highest values for green laser systems with intracavity frequency doubling of this novel composite ceramic Nd:YAG laser to date. The power fluctuation at around 160 W is lower than 0.3% in 2.5 hours.     

Investigation of ultrafast dynamics of CdTe quantum dots by femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy

The ultrafast carrier relaxation processes in CdTe quantum dots are investigated by femtosecond fluorescence upconversion spectroscopy.Photo-excited hole relaxing to the edge of the forbidden gap takes a maximal time of ～ 1.6 ps with exciting at 400 nm,depending on the state of the photo-excited hole.The shallow trapped states and deep trap states in the forbidden gap are confirmed for CdTe quantum dots.In addition,Auger relaxation of trapped carriers is observed to occur with a time constant of ～ 5 ps.A schematic model of photodynamics is established based on the results of the spectroscopy studies.Our work demonstrates that femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy is a suitable and effective tool in studying the transportation and conversion dynamics of photon energy in a nanosystem.     

A three-dimensional in vitro culture model for primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes

To overcome bad prognosis of patients with heart failure and the lack of organ donors, cardiac tissue engineering has developed as a biomimetic approach to repair, replace, and regenerate the damaged cardiac tissue. During the past decade years, researchers are devoted to find different natural and/or synthetic materials that can build appropriate physical structures to contain and organize implanted cells. In this study, we present a new method for primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes culture in vitro using alginate/collagen/chitosan hydrogel. To investigate the feasibility of this material as scaffold for cardiac myocytes, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were isolated and encapsulated in alginate-based beads cross-linked with calcium ion. The growth of cells was evaluated by staining with α-Sarcomeric actin (α-SCA) and Troponin T type 2 (TNNT2), and the viability of cardiomyocytes was studied in vitro by assessing the expression levels of several cardiac ion channels, including CACNL1A1, Connexin 43 and SCN5A. The results showed a significant increase in cardiac myocytes number, and the expression levels of CACNL1A1, Connexin 43 (Cx43) were up-regulated significantly except SCN5A, as compared with two-dimensional cultures. Moreover, extracellular matrix produced by the seeded cells themselves was observed by staining with fibronectin. Taken together, these findings indicate that this alginate/collagen/chitosan hydrogel bead is suitable for supporting the growth and retaining the morphologic and electrophysiologic characteristics of primary cultured rat cardiac muscle cells.     

Perturbation to Mei Symmetry and Adiabatic Invariants for Nonholonomic Systems in Terms of Quasi-Coordinates

Based on the concept of adiabatic invariant, the perturbation to Meisymmetry and adiabatic invariants for nonholonomic mechanical systems interms of quasi-coordinates are studied. The definition of the perturbationto Mei symmetry for the system is presented, and the criterion of theperturbation to Mei symmetry is given. Meanwhile, the Mei adiabaticinvariants for the perturbed system are obtained.     

两种反射膜系的激光热力损伤特性

 在驻波场理论基础上,用表面和界面强吸收理论模型,计算出了激光辐照下两种不同反射膜系中温度场的“多峰”分布特性,分析了激光对薄膜的热力损伤特性、主要破坏模式和阈值条件。结果表明,光学薄膜对激光能量的吸收,主要由驻波场分布及膜层的消光系数决定;膜系表面的杂质吸附层和界面吸收层是膜系的主要能量沉积区,从而在这些界面形成温度场的“多峰”分布,界面因此成为最容易受激光损伤的部分。导致光学薄膜激光损伤的主要模式为膜层熔融和脱落两种。如果膜层中含有杂质,则容易诱导杂质处膜层剥落破坏。     

液氮温区下应变式位移传感系统测量性能的研究

文中研究了一种应变式位移传感系统在室温和液氮温度下的静态传输特性。实验结果表明,该系统在液氮温区下具有良好的输出特性,系统非线性度低于1%,滞环率低于5%,其灵敏系数与温度相关,293K和77K温度下的灵敏系数分别为-0.3654mV/V/mm和-0.3886mV/V/mm。实验结果为该位移传感系统在低温环境中的应用提供了一定基础。     

基于虚拟现实的动车组维修性验证系统研究与设计

针对动车组维修性验证方法不足的问题,提出了采用虚拟仿真手段对维修性进行验证的方法;结合动车组系统的特点,对基于虚拟现实的动车组维修性验证系统进行了方案设计,给出了维修性验证具体流程,研究了三维虚拟样机建模的基本方法;虚拟维修性验证系统有效提高了动车组维修性设计效率,缩短了研制周期,是一种实现动车组维修性并行优化设计的有效方法。     

色噪声对光学双稳态的影响

采用统一色噪声近似构建了由乘法色噪声驱动的纯吸收型光学双稳态状态方程,并分析了色噪声对光学双稳态的影响,将结果与白噪声驱动的光学双稳态进行比较.结果表明:当乘法噪声与加法噪声处在正关联时,增加乘法色噪声的自关联时间r,光学双稳性的区域显著变宽,即磁滞回线面积变大;当乘法噪声与加法噪声处在负关联时,只有乘法噪声较小时,改变乘法色噪声的自关联时间r,光学双稳态才发生改变;当乘法噪声的自相关时间等于零时,本文模型退化为乘法白噪声驱动的光学双稳性状态方程.     

Application of 3-D Fluorescence: Characterization of Natural Organic Matter in Natural Water and Water Purification Systems

Natural organic matter (NOM) found in water sources is broadly defined as a mixture of polyfunctional organic molecules, characterized by its complex structure and paramount influence on water quality. Because the inevitable release of pollutants into aquatic environments due to an ineffective control of industrial and agricultural pollution, the evaluation of the interaction of NOM with heavy metals, nanoparticles, organic pollutants and other pollutants in the aquatic environment, has greatly increased. Three-dimensional (3-D) fluorescence has the potential to reveal the interaction mechanisms between NOM and pollutants as well as the source of NOM pollution. In water purification engineering system, the 3-D fluorescence can indicate the variations of NOM composition and gives an effective prediction of water quality as well as the underline water purification mechanisms. Inadequately treated NOM is a cause of precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), posing a potential threat to human health. Effective control and measurement/evaluation of NOM have long been an important factors in the prevention of water pollution. Overall, 3-D fluorescence allows for a rapid identification of organic components thus indicating possible sources of water pollution, mechanisms of pollutant interactions, and possible DBPs formed during conventional treatment of this water. This article reviews the 3-D fluorescence characteristics of NOM in natural water and typical water purification systems. The 3-D fluorescence was effective for indicating the variabilities in NOM composition and chemistry thus providing a better understanding of NOM in natural water system and water engineering system.