Blue-emitting long-lasting phosphor, Sr3Al10SiO20:Eu,Ho

A novel blue-emitting long-lasting phosphor Sr₃Al₁₀SiO₂₀:Eu²⁺,Ho³⁺ is prepared by the conventional high-temperature solid-state technique and their luminescent properties are investigated. XRD, photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) are used to characterize the synthesized phosphors. These phosphors are well crystallized by calcinations at 1500-1600 °C for 3 h. The phosphor emits blue light and shows long-lasting phosphorescence after it is excited with 254/365 nm ultraviolet light. TL curves reveal the introduction of Ho³⁺ ions into the Sr₃Al₁₀SiO₂₀:Eu²⁺ host produces a highly dense trap level at appropriate depth, which is the origin of the long-lasting phosphorescence in this kind of material. The long-lasting phosphorescence lasts for nearly 6 h in the light perception of the dark-adapted human eye (0.32 mcd/m²). All the results indicate that this phosphor has promising potential practical applications.     

Possible link of a structurally driven spin flip transition and the insulator-metal transition in the perovskite La(1-x)Ba(x)CoO3

The nature of the magnetic ground state near the insulator-metal transition (IMT) in La(1-x)Ba(x)CoO3 was investigated via neutron scattering. Below the critical concentration, x(c)～0.22, a commensurate antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase appears initially. Upon approaching x(c), the AFM component weakens and a ferromagnetic (FM) ordered phase sets in while in the rhombohedral lattice. At x(c), a spin flip to a new FM structure occurs at the same time as the crystal symmetry transforms to orthorhombic (Pnma). The Pnma phase may be the driving force for the IMT.     

Mini Review of Poincar�� Invariant Quantum Theory

We review the construction and applications of exactly Poincaré invariant quantum mechanical models of few-degree of freedom systems. We discuss the construction of dynamical representations of the Poincaré group on few-particle Hilbert spaces, the relation to quantum field theory, the formulation of cluster properties, and practical considerations related to the construction of realistic interactions and the solution of the dynamical equations. Selected applications illustrate the utility of this approach.     

密度泛函理论的若干进步

密度泛函理论（ＤＦＴ）作为处理非均匀相互作用多粒子体系的近似方法已经在计算凝聚态物理、计算材料科学和计算量子化学诸多领域取得巨大成功并获得广泛应用。然而它也存在一些被广泛关注的弱点或困难。例如关于激发态问题,强关联问题和处理大原子数复杂体系方面的困难。本将针对ＤＦＴ在以上三方面的问题,评述近年来的主要努力和进展。着重量介绍最近发展的含时间密度泛函理论（ＴＤＦＴ）,它有可能发展成为处理激发态问题的标准方法。关于强电子关联体系的处理,主要介绍ＬＤＡ以外的新发展,包括ＬＤＡ＋＋方法和计及动力学平均场理论的ＬＤＡ＋ＤＭＦＴ方法。最后,评述ＤＦＴ框架内的线性标度Ｏｒｄｅｒ－Ｎ算法的物理基础和主要策略。该算法将在处理大原子数复杂体系问题上发挥重要作用。     

Theory of strain relaxation for epitaxial layers grown on substrate of a finite dimension

We present an equilibrium theory for strain relaxation in epitaxial layers grown on substrates of a finite dimension. The conventional dislocation model is refined to take account of the multiple reflection of image dislocations. The effect of strain transfer and dilution due to finite vertical and lateral dimensions of the substrate is also considered. The critical thickness has been obtained based on an energy balance approach. Detailed numerical analysis with primary experiments for the SiGe alloy system is also provided.     

Asymptotic theorems for estimating the distribution function under random truncation

Representation theorem and local asymptotic minimax theorem are derived for nonparametric estimators of the distribution function on the basis of randomly truncated data. The convolution-type representation theorem asserts that the limiting process of any regular estimator of the distribution function is at least as dispersed as the limiting process of the product-limit estimator. The theorems are similar to those results for the complete data case due to Beran (1977, Ann. Statist., 5, 400–404) and for the censored data case due to Wellner (1982, Ann. Statist., 10, 595–602). Both likelihood and functional approaches are considered and the proofs rely on the method of Begun et al. (1983, Ann. Statist., 11, 432–452) with slight modifications.Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Columbia Univ.     

乳腺癌组织中蛋白质与核酸分子氢键特征的研究

正常乳腺组织与乳腺癌组织的红外光谱之间存在明显而规律的差异,其中包括蛋白质与核酸等生物分子的氢键缔合方式和程度上的不同。光谱的变化主要表现在：（1）蛋白质的酰胺Ⅰ带,N－H基团和某些氨基酸残基上C－O（H）基团的振动谱带;（2）核酸分子中磷酸二酯的反对称伸缩振动谱带和配对的碱基N－H基团振动等谱带上。氢键是维系和促进蛋白质与核酸高级结构形成的重要作用力,癌变时氢键的变化与癌细胞的特殊生物学行为密切相关,因此有可能利用氢键的这些光谱特征作为乳腺癌诊断和预测癌变可能性的指标。