全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8159篇 |
免费 | 253篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3999篇 |
晶体学 | 62篇 |
力学 | 194篇 |
数学 | 1842篇 |
物理学 | 2317篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 92篇 |
2020年 | 118篇 |
2019年 | 107篇 |
2018年 | 152篇 |
2017年 | 145篇 |
2016年 | 322篇 |
2015年 | 291篇 |
2014年 | 321篇 |
2013年 | 580篇 |
2012年 | 413篇 |
2011年 | 488篇 |
2010年 | 294篇 |
2009年 | 251篇 |
2008年 | 273篇 |
2007年 | 242篇 |
2006年 | 174篇 |
2005年 | 75篇 |
2004年 | 117篇 |
2003年 | 129篇 |
2002年 | 123篇 |
2001年 | 114篇 |
2000年 | 131篇 |
1999年 | 114篇 |
1998年 | 109篇 |
1997年 | 99篇 |
1996年 | 91篇 |
1995年 | 83篇 |
1994年 | 87篇 |
1993年 | 84篇 |
1992年 | 86篇 |
1991年 | 70篇 |
1990年 | 86篇 |
1989年 | 72篇 |
1988年 | 75篇 |
1987年 | 70篇 |
1986年 | 67篇 |
1985年 | 99篇 |
1984年 | 107篇 |
1983年 | 71篇 |
1982年 | 89篇 |
1981年 | 94篇 |
1980年 | 83篇 |
1979年 | 96篇 |
1978年 | 88篇 |
1977年 | 79篇 |
1976年 | 100篇 |
1975年 | 95篇 |
1974年 | 91篇 |
1973年 | 71篇 |
1968年 | 74篇 |
排序方式: 共有8414条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
221.
The effect of ageing for a period of two years upon chemically pre-oxidized and irradiated cellulose was investigated. Changes in the chemical structure and energy excitation of atomic groups of oxycellulose skeleton were evaluated from the qualitative and quantitative points of view. The numerical interpretation and complex comparison of the quantities (activation energy, energy quantity EW, values of the thermal effect (areas of DTA peaks) and weight losses) of four degradation phases of pyrolysis were employed, when applying the oxidation pyrolysis method with derivatograph.
Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung einer zweijährigen Alterung von chemisch voroxydierter und bestrahlter Zellulose wurde untersucht. Veränderungen der chemischen Struktur und die energetische Anregung von Atomgruppen des Oxyzellulosegerüsts wurden unter qualitativen und quantitativen Gesichtspunkten studiert. Eine numerische Interpretation und ein komplexer Vergleich der Größen (Aktivierungsenergie, EnergiemengeEW, Werte der thermischen Effekte — DTA-Peakflächen, Gewichtsverluste) von 4 pyrolytischen Abbauphasen wurden vorgenommen, wobei für die oxydative Pyrolyse ein Derivatograph verwendet wurde.
, , . . , , EW, ( ) .相似文献
222.
Studies of dispersion patterns in nonsegmented streams, flowing through narrow open tubes, show that it is possible to obtain highly reproducible concentration gradients within a sample zone injected into the moving stream. By varying the geometry of the flow path, low, medium and high dispersion patterns can be achieved; the high dispersion pattern forms the basis for a new approach to continuous flow titrimetry. In this type of titration, discrete samples are passed through a gradient device and are then mixed with a continuously flowing stream of titrant of fixed concentration. The new technique has been tested for potentiometric as well as spectrophotometric end-point indication. A simple one-channel system allows titrations to be performed automatically in less than 1 min. 相似文献
223.
The rapid determination of protein in plant material based on spectrophotometric determination of amino acids in protein hydrolysates with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid has been adapted to flow injection analysis. With the manifold described, a routine sampling rate of 120 samples/h is possible, though this, as well as sensitivity, can easily be varied. The method was calibrated against the Kjeldahl method and a good correlation was obtained between the two methods over a wide range of protein values for beans. 相似文献
224.
A set of certified reference materials of four natural soils denoted as CRM 7001-4 was prepared. They consist of light sandy soils with normal and elevated, silty clay loam with normal, and loam with elevated element levels. Certified and/or information values were established for the total contents of the elements As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, and their fractions, extractable with aqua regia, and boiling and cold 2 mol L–1 nitric acid, from results of a 28 laboratory intercomparison using various methods of atomic absorption spectrometry, optical emission spectrometry, mass spectrometry, electrochemical methods, spectrophotometry, instrumental neutron activation analysis, and X-ray fluorescence. 相似文献
225.
The infrared spectra of mixtures of syn and anti acetaldoxime and its deuterated analogues CH3CHNOD, CD3CHNOH, CD3CDNOH and CH3CDNOH have been recorded. The syn and anti isomers of CH3CHNOH, CD3CHNOH, CD3CDNOH and CH3CDNOH have been separated by gas chromatography [1]. The infrared spectra of separated isomers in CS2 solution have been recorded and the assignment of ten in-plane vibrations made. From a normal coordinate analysis the Urey-Bradley force field, the potential energy distribution and additional information about assignments have been obtained.For the anti isomer the simple Urey-Bradley force field gives satisfactory agreement between the calculated and measured frequencies. For the syn isomer it is necessary to take into account the interactions between atoms separated by three bonds. 相似文献
226.
Marián Kucharík František Šimko Vladimír Danielik Miroslav Boča Roman Vasiljev 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2007,138(12):1211-1215
Summary. The phase diagram of the system Na3AlF6–NaVO3 was determined by means of thermal analysis. The system is a simple binary eutectic one. The eutectic point was estimated
at x(NaVO3) = 0.975 and t
eut = 617°C. The XRD patterns of samples after thermal analysis revealed the presence of cryolite and NaVO3 only supporting the above assumption of a simple eutectic binary system. 相似文献
227.
A. Paulenová P. Rajec P. Adamčík 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1998,228(1-2):115-117
Th anionic micellar system of the sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) with di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (D2EHPA) chelating ligand reagent in acctate buffer solutions was studied. The influence of the concentration and the composition of the micellar system for strontium preconcentration was determined. Different pH values of solutions as well as different concentration ratios of the ligand to the surfactant were used. 相似文献
228.
Thermoanalytical techniques (TG, DTG, DTA and EGA) can be helpful in studying gel compositions and relating the chemical history and the role of the precipitant to the chemical properties of gels. The objective of our work was to determine the influence of the initial conditions in the reaction mixture on the product characteristics. Zirconia gels were prepared by the gelprecipitation method by the hydrolysis of zirconium tetrachloride dissolved in methanol. The substitution of water by methanol was chosen in order to obtain a reaction medium in which better control of the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of the zirconium precursor were achieved and thus also better control of the final properties of the dried zirconia gel-precipitates could be obtained. The nature of the hydrated zirconia gels obtained during the gelation process is strongly influenced by the conditions of the reaction mixture, e.g. concentration of the zirconium precursor, the mixing rate and particularly by the amount of water added. To distinguish between various types of water in the gel-precipitates, the furnace atmosphere and the partial water pressure were altered appropriately. It was shown that initial zirconium to water molar ratio has a significant effect on the properties of the final products. It was assumed that, according to the preparation conditions, three different types of water are present in the formed zirconia gel-precipitates. Modification of the dehydration processes of zirconia gel-precipitates enables control of the final microstructural and surface properties of the dried gels which are suitable for further catalysts support as well as mixed oxide preparation. 相似文献
229.
A computer-controlled electrometric system is described. It is used for d.c. polarographic determinations of the stability constants of lead(II) propanoate and 2-hydroxypropanoate complexes at four temperatures. From the values of the monoligand complex stability constants obtained at different temperatures, standard thermodynamic functions (ΔHj and ΔSj) for the first and second steps of complex formation were obtained. Closed-loop interaction between the minicomputer and electrometric instrument was achieved through computer control of the potentiostat, drop-life timer, burette and valve for nitrogen purging. Computer programs are outlined for numerical and statistical evaluation of the experimental data giving Eid and slope of logarithmic presentation of polarograms, Fo functions and cumulative stability constants, βj as well as for calculation of the standard thermodynamic functions. 相似文献
230.