全文获取类型
收费全文 | 300篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 268篇 |
数学 | 15篇 |
物理学 | 30篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 35篇 |
2020年 | 19篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 19篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 11篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 10篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有313条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
102.
103.
Paulina Szyszkowska 《Lithuanian Mathematical Journal》2018,58(4):500-504
In this paper, we characterize the family of quotients of internally quasicontinuous functions. Moreover, we study cardinal invariants related to quotients in the case of internally quasicontinuous functions and the complement of this family. 相似文献
104.
105.
Paulina Maksym Magdalena Tarnacka Roksana Bernat Rafał Bielas Anna Mielańczyk Barbara Hachuła Kamil Kaminski Marian Paluch 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2020,58(10):1393-1399
Star-shaped 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (VP)-based polymers having four pendant arms were produced via high-pressure RAFT using the trithiocarbonate-functionalized core. The use of compression (p = 250 MPa) significantly reduced or eliminated star-star/star-chain coupling side reactions and termination process characteristics the for “core-first” R-type approach, still allowing for a “pseudo-living” reaction course up to very high monomer conversion (>98%). Consequently, tailored and highly living star-shaped poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)s (PVP) in a wide range of molecular weights M n = 2.0–175.6 kg/mol (Đ = 1.18–1.80) have been obtained. The chain extension of the produced polymer was carried out with methyl methacrylate (MMA) via photo-induced RAFT (λ = 365 nm) in the presence of tertiary amine catalyst, yielding well-defined amphiphilic star-shaped block copolymers. DSC measurements showed that synthesized star-shaped PVP homopolymers revealed much lower glass transition temperature values compared to their commercially supplied linear analogs. 相似文献
106.
Dr. Krzysztof Durka Paulina H. Marek-Urban Krzysztof Nowicki Jakub Drapała Dr. hab. Katarzyna N. Jarzembska Piotr Łaski Aleksandra Grzelak Dr. Marek Dąbrowski Prof. Krzysztof Woźniak Prof. Sergiusz Luliński 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(14):e202104492
The approach to a series of six- and seven-membered oxaboraheterocycles based on naphthalene or biphenyl backbones was developed. The key synthetic step involved Br/Li exchange in respective potassium (bromoaryl)trifluoroborates followed by quenching with selected electrophiles (CO2, DMF, Me2Si(H)Cl) and hydrolytic workup. Two ring-expanded benzoxaborole congeners were obtained by an additional reduction step with LiAlH4 or NaBH4. The obtained boracyclic compounds were characterized in detail by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Specifically, biphenyl-based systems show dynamic behaviour interpreted in terms of inversion of non-planar seven-membered boraheterocycles. The acidity of the obtained compounds varies very strongly (pKa ranges from 3.1–9.6) depending on their structure. Due to the enhanced boron Lewis acidity, selected compounds were used as a basis for luminescent complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline. A strong phase-dependent variation of emission-band maximum (480–527 nm) and photoluminescence quantum yield (10–95 %) was observed, which was rationalized in terms of specific aggregation effects. 相似文献
107.
108.
Piotr Kozlowski Paulina Rosicka Jie Liu Andrew C. Yung Wolfram Tetzlaff 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2014
Longitudinal Myelin Water Imaging was carried out in vivo to characterize white matter damage following dorsal column transection (DC Tx) injury at the lumbar level L1 of rat spinal cords. A transmit–receive implantable coil system was used to acquire multiple spin-echo (MSE) quantitative T2 data from the lumbar spinal cords of 16 rats at one week pre-injury as well as 3 and 8 weeks post-injury (117 microns in-plane resolution and 1.5 mm slice thickness). In addition, ex vivo MSE and DTI data were acquired from cords fixed and excised at 3 or 8 weeks post injury using a solenoid coil. The MSE data were used to generate Myelin Water Fractions (MWFs) as a surrogate measure of myelin content, while DTI data were acquired to study damage to the axons. Myelin damage was assessed histologically with Eriochrome cyanine (EC) and Myelin Basic Protein in degenerated myelin (dgen-MBP) staining, and axonal damage was assessed by neurofilament-H in combination with neuron specific beta-III-tubulin (NF/Tub) staining. These MRI and histological measures of injury were studied in the dorsal column at 5 mm cranial and 5 mm caudal to injury epicenter. MWF increased significantly at 3 weeks post-injury at both the cranial and caudal sites, relative to baseline. The values on the cranial side of injury returned to baseline at 8 weeks post-injury but remained elevated on the caudal side. This trend was found in both in vivo and ex vivo data. This MWF increase was likely due to the presence of myelin debris, which were cleared by 8 weeks on the cranial, but not the caudal, side. Both EC and dgen-MBP stains displayed similar trends. MWF showed significant correlation with EC staining (R = 0.63, p = 0.005 in vivo and R = 0.74, p = 0.0001 ex vivo). MWF also correlated strongly with the dgen-MBP stain, but only on the cranial side (R = 0.64, p = 0.05 in vivo; R = 0.63, p = 0.038 ex vivo). This study demonstrates that longitudinal MWI in vivo can accurately characterize white matter damage in DC Tx model of injury in the rat spinal cord. 相似文献
109.
Computational analysis of protein–ligand interactions is of crucial importance for drug discovery. Assessment of ligand binding energy allows us to have a glimpse of the potential of a small organic molecule to be a ligand to the binding site of a protein target. Available scoring functions, such as in docking programs, all rely on equations that sum each type of protein–ligand interactions in order to predict the binding affinity. Most of the scoring functions consider electrostatic interactions involving the protein and the ligand. Electrostatic interactions constitute one of the most important part of total interactions between macromolecules. Unlike dispersion forces, they are highly directional and therefore dominate the nature of molecular packing in crystals and in biological complexes and contribute significantly to differences in inhibition strength among related enzyme inhibitors. In this study, complexes of HIV-1 protease with inhibitor molecules (JE-2147 and darunavir) were analyzed by using charge densities from the transferable aspherical-atom University at Buffalo Databank (UBDB). Moreover, we analyzed the electrostatic interaction energy for an ensemble of structures, using molecular dynamic simulations to highlight the main features of electrostatic interactions important for binding affinity. 相似文献
110.
Klaudia Masztalerz Adam Figiel Anna Michalska-Ciechanowska Aneta Wojdyo Paulina Nowicka Krzysztof Lech 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2020,25(22)
Osmotic dehydration (OD) performed in concentrated fruit juices used as osmotic solution (OS) comes with some limitations resulting from the material cell structure and is not entirely recognized at the moment. Filtration of the juice could provide some insight into the phenomena occurring throughout the OD. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to recognize the mechanism of selective penetration during OD and evaluate the effect of filtration on physical and chemical properties of osmo-dehydrated material. For this purpose, OD of pumpkin in non-filtrated and filtrated (filters 0.2, 0.45, 0.8, 1.2, 3, 5 and 8 μm) concentrated chokeberry juice was carried out in the study. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were provided. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity measured by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC ABTS) of OS and the material were determined. It was found that even though filtration of osmotic solution had a moderate influence on the mass transfer, it greatly affected the chemical composition of dehydrated material. The best option, considering both chemical and physical properties of the dehydrated material, is the use of non-filtrated solution. However, when shorter time of OD is considered, much better results are obtained for filtrated solutions. 相似文献