Electronic excitation energy transfer between dye molecules in H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O and D<Subscript>2</Subscript>O solutions in the micellar phase

Processes of electronic excitation energy transfer (EEET) in H₂O+D₂O solutions within reversed micelles with different degrees of hydration were studied. It is ascertained that the structure of solutions forms a cluster distribution of interacting molecules having a fractal dimensionality. As a result, in regions with a locally high concentration of the dye molecules, an increase in the EEET efficiency is observed. Solubilization by reversed micelles leads to destruction of the cluster structure of the water system, with the dependence of the EEET efficiency on the degree of hydration being nonmonotonic. As the degree of hydration increases, the inhomogeneities of the structure inherent in bulk water are restored.     

Absorption of electromagnetic radiation by an inhomogeneous spherical particle

The cross section of absorption of electromagnetic radiation by an inhomogeneous spherical particle is calculated. The general case of an arbitrary value of the ratio of the particle radius to the radius of the dielectric core is considered. The condition of diffuse reflection of electrons from the inner and outer surfaces of the metal layer of the particle is taken as the boundary condition of the problem. The limiting cases are considered and the results obtained are discussed.     

Computer processing of electronic absorption spectra of rare-earth elements in inorganic laser media

Algorithms and program modules are developed for calculation of the Judd-Ofelt parameters on modern computers. These programs can be used to perform numerical analysis of the energy absorption by rareearth ions in laser media.     

Hysteresis and Eddy-current Relaxation in SiFe Materials

The rate-dependent effects in metallic ferromagnetic materials with magnetization processes attributed to domain-walls motion were studied. The experimental method for eddy-current relaxation time determination was proposed. Some discrepancies between the data and theoretical predictions were observed and discussed. The origin of these discrepancies is accounted for by the decrease of viscous-type relaxation process as the rate of change of averaged magnetization is approaching zero.     

Optical amplification of photoinduced polarizability gratings in phosphate glasses

It is experimentally demonstrated that second-order polarizability gratings preliminarily recorded using bichromatic light in a phosphate glass can be amplified under the action of monochromatic radiation. The amplification effect takes place irrespective of the polarization and direction of propagation of the amplifying radiation and is achieved at various wavelengths. The phenomenon is related to the asymmetry of optical transitions between local centers in an isotropic medium in the presence of electric field. It is theoretically shown that this system may feature the formation of alternating electric field domains with dimensions depending on the grating amplitude.     

High accuracy description of radiative return production of low-mass muon and pion pairs at <Emphasis Type="Italic">e</Emphasis><Superscript>+</Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">e</Emphasis><Superscript>−</Superscript> colliders

The process of muon (pion) pair production with small invariant mass in electron-positron high-energy annihilation, accompanied by emission of a hard photon at large angles, is considered. We find that the Drell-Yan picture for the differential cross section is valid in the charge-even experimental setup. Radiative corrections both for the electron block and for the final-state block are taken into account.     

Optical third-harmonic generation in coupled microcavities based on porous silicon

The resonance features of the third-harmonic generation have been observed in 1D coupled microcavities consisting of three Bragg reflectors and two identical half-wave layers of mesoporous silicon. The third-harmonic intensity increases by a factor of about 10³ in the resonance of fundamental radiation with each of the modes of coupled microcavities. It has been shown that the resonance positions in the angular spectra of the third-harmonic intensity depend on the coupling between microcavities that is determined by the transmission of the intermediate Bragg reflector. In the framework of the transfer-matrix method with nonlinear sources, it has been shown that the basic mechanism of the enhancement of the third-harmonic generation in coupled microcavities based on porous silicon is the constructive interference of the partial third-harmonic waves that are generated by near-surface layers.     

Probing structural relaxation in complex fluids by critical fluctuations

Complex fluids, such as polymer solutions and blends, colloids, and gels, are of growing interest in fundamental and applied soft-condensed-matter science. A common feature of all such systems is the presence of a mesoscopic structural length scale intermediate between the atomic and macroscopic scales. This mesoscopic structure of complex fluids is often fragile and sensitive to external perturbations. Complex fluids are frequently viscoelastic (showing a combination of viscous and elastic behavior), with their dynamic response depending on the time and length scales. Recently, noninvasive methods to infer the rheological response of complex fluids have gained popularity through the technique of microrheology, where the diffusion of probe spheres in a viscoelastic fluid is monitored with the aid of light scattering or microscopy. Here, we propose an alternative to traditional microrheology that does not require doping of probe particles in the fluid (which can sometimes drastically alter the molecular environment). Instead, our proposed method makes use of the phenomenon of “avoided crossing” between modes associated with the structural relaxation and critical fluctuations that are spontaneously generated in the system.