Rapid growth of nanocrystalline CuInS2 thin films in alkaline medium at room temperature

Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of CuInS₂ (CIS) thin films at room temperature (25 °C) from alkaline CuSO₄ + In₂(SO₄)₃ and Na₂S precursor solutions was reported. The method allowed self-limited growth of CIS films with nanocrystalline structure and composed of densely packed nanometer-sized grains. The as-deposited CIS film was 250 nm thick and composed of closely packed particles of 20-30 nm in diameter. The alkaline cationic precursor solution was obtained by dissolving CuSO₄ and InSO₄ in deionized water with a appropriate amount of hydrazine monohydrate (H-H) and 2,2′,2″-nitrilotriethanol (TEA). CIS films were annealed at 200 °C for 2 h and effect of annealing on structural, optical, and surface morphological properties was thoroughly investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis spectrometer, C-V, and water contact angle techniques, respectively.     

Implicit summation formulae for Hermite and related polynomials

In this article, we derive some implicit summation formulae for Hermite and related polynomials by using different analytical means on their respective generating functions.     

Electric and dielectric properties of solution-gas interface grown amorphous AgCl films

Electric and dielectric properties of solution-gas interface grown AgCl thin film capacitors (Al/AgCl/Al) of various thicknesses have been studied in the frequency range 10¹–10⁶ Hz at various temperatures (303–393 K). I–V characteristics show ohmic, space-charge-limited, and thermionic emission conduction mechanisms to operate at low, intermediate and high voltages respectively. Capacitance decreases with increasing film thickness and applied frequency while it increases with increase of temperature. Loss factor (tanδ), which shows a pronounced minimum with frequency, increases with the rise of temperature and (tanδ)_min shifts to a higher frequency. The large values of capacitance and dielectric constant (ɛ) in the low frequency region indicate the possibility of an interfacial polarization mechanism to operate in this region while electronic and ionic polarizations dominate in the high frequency region.     

Nanodelivery of Dietary Polyphenols for Therapeutic Applications

Advancement in nanotechnology has unleashed the therapeutic potentials of dietary polyphenols by enhancing bioavailability, improving biological half-life, and allowing site-specific drug delivery. In this review, through citation of relevant literature reports, we discuss the application of nano-pharmaceutical formulations, such as solid lipid nanoparticles, nano-emulsions, nano-crystals, nano-polymersomes, liposomes, ethosomes, phytosomes, and invasomes for dietary polyphenols. Following this, we highlight important studies concerning different combinations of nano formulations with dietary polyphenols (also known as nanophytopolyphenols). We also provide nano-formulation paradigms for enhancing the physicochemical properties of dietary polyphenols. Finally, we highlight the latest patents that were granted on nano-formulations of dietary polyphenols. Based on our review, we observe that nanosized delivery of herbal constituents, spices, and dietary supplements have the ability to improve biological processes and address issues connected with herbal treatments.     

Application of an Organometallic Reagent Sodium Nitroprusside for the Detection of Organophosphate Insecticide Monocrotophos

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - Organometallic compounds find wide applications such as in catalyses, syntheses, and also in biochemistry. Some of them can be used...     

Preparation & characterization of embelin�Cphospholipid complex as effective drug delivery tool

The aim of the present study was to prepare an embelin?Cphospholipid complex (EPC) formulation in an attempt to enhance the water solubility and to characterize the new developed formulation. Embelin, due to water insolubility causes poor bioavailability by oral route. To improve the bioavailability and prolong its duration in body system, its phospholipid complexes were prepared by a simple and reproducible method. EPC was formulated by mechanical dispersion method using ethanol as a reaction medium, embelin and phospholipids were dissolved into the medium, after that organic solvent was removed under vacuum condition and EPC was formed. The complex formation was confirmed by carrying out FTIR, ¹H-NMR, XRD, DSC and microscopical studies. Solubility and in vitro studies were carried out to ascertain the solubility and dissolution pattern of free and complexed embelin. Content of embelin in EPC was found to be 92.44% (w/w). FTIR, ¹H NMR, DSC and XRD data confirmed the formation of embelin phospholipid complex. Water solubility of embelin was improved from 3 to 42 ??g/mL in the prepared complex. n-Octanol solubility were also altered for free embelin and EPC from 2.3 to 39 ??g/mL. Unlike the free embelin, which showed a total of only 19% drug release at the end of 120 min, EPC showed 99.80% release at the end of 120 min of dissolution study in distilled water. Microscopical characterization of the developed formulation also showed the entrapment of embelin in the lipid core showing complex structure, which was further, supported by change in surface morphology of embelin on microscopical examination. Hence, the present findings demonstrate that complexing embelin with phospholipid can be further explored for improved therapeutic implications.