Evaluation of the Long‐term Cumulative UVA Facial Exposure of Queensland School Teachers derived for an Extended Period from the OMI Satellite Irradiance

This research presents a novel methodology for deriving the total daily broadband solar UVA (320–400 nm) received by school teachers during their working day from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite solar noon UVA irradiance measurements for a Queensland subtropical site (27.5°S, 152°E). Daily UVA exposures are weighted to the anatomical human cheek (anterior infra‐orbital region) for teachers wearing and not wearing broad‐brimmed hats. The method utilizes the OMI UVA irradiance data collected daily at high temporal resolution over 2005 to 2016 to derive the total daily UVA exposure to a horizontal plane. These horizontal plane exposures are scaled by factors to take into account the timing of outdoor activity. The relationship between exposures to a horizontal plane and those to a vertical plane and the protection provided by a broad‐brimmed hat was assessed to evaluate the total daily UVA exposures to the cheek for classroom and physical education teaching staff expected to be outside at different periods of the day. The developed method enables the total daily UVA exposure to specific anatomical sites to be evaluated from the satellite solar noon irradiance at locations that do not have access to surface‐based instrumentation capable of recording in the solar UVA waveband.     

Recognition in water of bioactive substrates by a sulphonato p-tert-butylcalix[5]arene

The molecular recognition in water of neurotransmitter monoamine and trace amine hydrochlorides by p-tert-butylcalix[5]-arene 1 – bearing 4-sulphonatobutoxy groups at the lower rim – has been investigated. According to ¹H NMR measurements, the hydrophobic cavity of receptor 1 best binds tyramine hydrochloride, K_a = 5370 ± 870 M^? 1.     

Interface Energy in the Edwards-Anderson Model

We numerically investigate the spin glass energy interface problem in three dimensions. We analyze the energy cost of changing the overlap from −1 to +1 at one boundary of two coupled systems (in the other boundary the overlap is kept fixed to +1). We implement a parallel tempering algorithm that simulates finite temperature systems and works with both cubic lattices and parallelepiped with fixed aspect ratio. We find results consistent with a lower critical dimension D _c =2.5. The results show a good agreement with the mean field theory predictions.     

On the finite size corrections to some random matching problems

We get back to the computation of the leading finite size corrections to some random link matching problems, first adressed by Mézard and Parisi [J. Phys. France 48, 1451 (1987)]. In the so-called bipartite case, their result is in contradiction with subsequent works. We show that they made some mistakes, and correcting them, we get the expected result. In the non bipartite case, we agree with their result but push the analytical treatment further. Received 28 April 2002 Published online 14 October 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: giorgio.parisi@roma1.infn.it RID="b" ID="b"e-mail: matthieu.ratieville@roma1.infn.it     

Interactions at the outside faces of calix

Attractive pi-pi interactions between two of the four outside cavity faces of 1,3-bis-pyridylmethylcalix[4]arene (1) and both faces of 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (2a) form infinite one-dimensional non-covalent ribbons where the two modules alternate. These ribbons are cross-linked by electron donor-acceptor interactions between picolyl nitrogen atoms of calixarene 1 in one chain and iodine atoms of perfluoroarene 2a in another chain and the two-dimensional supramolecular network 3a is formed. A similar behaviour is also shown by 1,4-dibromotetrafluorobenzene (2b). The halogen bonding and the attractive pi-pi interactions occur in directions which are nearly orthogonal each other. Diiodotetrafluorobenzene, being involved in both these interactions, appears to be a particularly interesting tecton. The ability of electron-poor arenes to elicit the exo-receptor potential of calixarene module by connecting their outside faces through pi-pi interactions may be developed as a new and general binding protocol in calixarene self-assembly processes.     

Horizontal and sun-normal spectral biologically effective ultraviolet irradiances

The dependence of the spectral biologically effective solar UV irradiance on the orientation of the receiver with respect to the sun has been determined for relatively cloud-free days at a sub-tropical Southern Hemisphere latitude for the solar zenith angle range 35-64 degrees. For the UV and biologically effective irradiances, the sun-normal to horizontal ratio for the total UV ranges from 1.18 +/- 0.05 to 1.27 +/- 0.06. The sun-normal to horizontal ratio for biologically effective irradiance is dependent on the relative effectiveness of the relevant action spectrum in the UV-A waveband. In contrast to the total UV, the diffuse UV and diffuse biologically effective irradiances are reduced in a sun-normal compared with a horizontal orientation by a factor ranging from 0.70 +/- 0.05 to 0.76 +/- 0.03.     

Bounds on the number and masses of quarks and leptons

We assume weak, electromagnetic and strong interactions to be asymptotically divergent, and to become strong at very large energies, of the order of the Plank mass. In this picture, the “low-energy” couplings (i.e. in the 10² GeV region) must be near the infrared stable point, and this allows us to put bounds on the number of elementary fermions (quarks and leptons). Similar assumptions on the Higgs couplings give bound on the fermion and on the Higgs boson masses. We consider the cases where weak and electromagnetic interactions are described by the gauge groups SU(2) ? U(1) or SU(2)_R ? U(1). The weak neutral current mixing angle is computed in both cases.     

Critical exponents and large-order behavior of perturbation theory

The principles of the recent calculations of critical exponents from three- and two-dimensional field theory are reviewed. They rely on the Callan-Symanzik equations, diagram calculations, and on the characterization of the asymptotic behavior of perturbation series at large order. We then present new results concerning the normalization of the large-order behavior.On leave of absence from INFN, Frascati.     

Spin-glass complexity

We study the quenched complexity in spin-glass mean-field models satisfying the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin supersymmetry. The outcome of such study, consistent with recent numerical results, allows, in principle, to conjecture the absence of any supersymmetric contribution to the complexity in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model. The same analysis can be applied to any model with a full replica symmetry breaking phase, e.g., the Ising p-spin model below the Gardner temperature. The existence of different solutions, breaking the supersymmetry, is also discussed.