Simulation of the spread of a viscous fluid using a bidimensional shallow water model

In this paper we propose a numerical method to solve the Cauchy problem based on the viscous shallow water equations in an horizontally moving domain. More precisely, we are interested in a flooding and drying model, used to modelize the overflow of a river or the intrusion of a tsunami on ground. We use a nonconservative form of the two-dimensional shallow water equations, in eight velocity formulation and we build a numerical approximation, based on the Arbitrary lagrangian eulerian formulation, in order to compute the solution in the moving domain.     

New insights into the mechanism of activation of atom transfer radical polymerization by Cu(I) complexes

The kinetics of activation of RX by a Cu(I) complex has been investigated in MeCN both in the absence and presence of halide ions. The system Cu(I)/L/X(-) (L = Me(6)TREN) is mainly composed of Cu(I)L(+), XCu(I)L and Cu(I)X(2)(-), but only Cu(I)L(+) is found to be an active catalyst reacting with RX.     

Synthesis of a New β-Galactosidase Inhibitor Displaying Pharmacological Chaperone Properties for GM1 Gangliosidosis

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare lysosomal disease caused by the deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-Gal; GLB1; E.C. 3.2.1.23), responsible for the hydrolysis of terminal β-galactosyl residues from GM1 ganglioside, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans, such as keratan-sulfate. With the aim of identifying new pharmacological chaperones for GM1 gangliosidosis, the synthesis of five new trihydroxypiperidine iminosugars is reported in this work. The target compounds feature a pentyl alkyl chain in different positions of the piperidine ring and different absolute configurations of the alkyl chain at C-2 and the hydroxy group at C-3. The organometallic addition of a Grignard reagent onto a carbohydrate-derived nitrone in the presence or absence of a suitable Lewis Acid was exploited, providing structural diversity at C-2, followed by the ring-closure reductive amination step. An oxidation-reduction process allowed access to a different configuration at C-3. The N-pentyl trihydroxypiperidine iminosugar was also synthesized for the purpose of comparison. The biological evaluation of the newly synthesized compounds was performed on leucocyte extracts from healthy donors and identified two suitable β-Gal inhibitors, namely compounds 10 and 12. Among these, compound 12 showed chaperoning properties since it enhanced β-Gal activity by 40% when tested on GM1 patients bearing the p.Ile51Asn/p.Arg201His mutations.     

Conductive polymer blends: preparation,properties and applications

This article presents a brief review concerning the production of conductive polymer blends and composites which combine conducting and insulating polymers. Different strategies for preparing these mixtures are examined, with emphasis on several properties of the final mixtures, such as: electronic conductivity, mechanical behaviour and thermal stability. The advantages of using blends in some technological applications instead of pure conducting polymers are discussed.