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141.
P. Murzyn C. R. Pidgeon P. J. Phillips J. -P. Wells N. T. Gordon T. Ashley J. H. Jefferson T. M. Burke J. Giess M. Merrick B. N. Murdin C. D. Maxey 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2004,20(3-4):220
We have made direct pump–probe measurements of spin lifetimes in long wavelength narrow-gap semiconductors at wavelengths between 4 and 10 μm and from 4 to 300 K. In particular, we measure remarkably long spin lifetimes, τs300 ps, even at 300 K for epilayers of degenerate n-type InSb. In this material the mobility is approximately constant between 77 and 300 K, and we find that τs is approximately constant in this temperature range. In order to determine the dominant spin relaxation mechanism we have investigated the temperature dependence of τs in non-degenerate lightly n-type Hg0.78Cd0.22Te of approximately the same band gap as InSb, and find that τs varies from 356 ps at 150 K to 24 ps at 300 K. Our results, both in magnitude and temperature dependence of τs, imply that the Elliott–Yafet model dominates in these materials. 相似文献
142.
The dependence of the strangeness saturation factor on the system size, centrality and energy is studied in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. 相似文献
143.
The incubation-period-based criterion for fracture is considered in terms of the Zhurkov kinetic model of fracture. Within the kinetic model, fracture is treated as a continuously developing process, which starts immediately after the application of a tensile load to a sample and consists in breaking of the interatomic bonds and gradual accumulation of broken bonds in the material in the course of a fracture test. For certain materials, the inclusion of the thermal-fluctuation mechanism for fracture in the incubation-period-based criterion significantly affects the position of the static branch of the time dependence of strength. Time dependences of strength are calculated for a number of materials. The experimental data are analyzed using the structural-time criterion for fracture, which allows one to obtain a unified time dependence of strength for quasi-static and high-rate short-term loadings. The temperature dependence of the incubation period (latent time) is calculated analytically, and a relation is found between the latent fracture time and the thermal vibration frequency of atoms. 相似文献
144.
O. P. Bobrov S. N. Laptev H. Neuhäuser V. A. Khonik K. Csach 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(10):1863-1867
Isochronous relaxation of tensile stresses is measured in a bulk Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 metallic glass in the initial state and after certain thermal treatments. The results of measurements are used to find the energy spectrum of irreversible structural relaxation, from which the temperature dependence of shear viscosity is then calculated. This dependence is also found independently from measurements of creep in the same glass. The calculated viscosity is shown to agree well with the experimental data. 相似文献
145.
V. V. Dvorkin N. N. Dzbanovskii A. F. Pal’ N. V. Suetin A. Yu. Yur’ev P. Ya. Detkov 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(4):729-732
A suspension of ultrafine-dispersed nanodiamond was used for introducing (in particular, selectively) high-density centers of diamond nucleation on various substrates. High-quality doped diamond films to be used as electrochemistry electrodes were deposited from the gas phase in a microwave discharge on certain substrates treated using ultrafine-dispersed nanodiamond. A uniform distribution of nucleation centers with concentrations greater than 1010 cm-2 on silicon substrates was obtained. Electrochemical current-potential curves were measured for continuous films. Diamond meshes of different transparency were grown using selective nucleation. Successful production of high-quality doped diamond meshes gives grounds to consider them the most promising electrodes for use in electrochemistry. 相似文献
146.
G. Busiello R. V. Saburova V. G. Sushkova G. P. Chugunova 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(2):316-325
The ageing effect is studied analytically in a disordered quantum system interacting with its surroundings and subjected to an external ac magnetic field. Energy dissipation is due to the interaction of the system with a set of independent harmonic oscillators, imitating a quantum thermal bath. Dynamic equations for the autocorrelation function and linear-response function are derived using the method of closed-path integrals. The effect of an external field is studied on the correlation function and response in the spin-glass and paramagnetic phases. Both functions are found to depend on the spin interaction strength. 相似文献
147.
Spatial parameters of the X-ray radiation produced by a high-voltage nanosecond discharge evolving in air under atmospheric
pressure in the rod (cathode)-plane electrode system with a 10-cm electrode spacing are studied experimentally. A ∼170-ns
voltage pulse with an amplitude of ∼200 kV and 10-ns rise time is applied to the cathode. The photoelectronic method is used
to study, under the same conditions, the integrated (over the gap) characteristics of the radiation, in particular, the duration
of its generation. It is found that, when the size of the X-ray source is not smaller than that of the discharge region of
diffusive luminescence, radiation from the cathode region of the gap is primarily observed (i.e., from the region where the
electric field distribution is sharply inhomogeneous). The X-ray generation is usually observed after the bridging of the
discharge gap, the X-ray pulse having a rise time of ∼3 ns, a duration of ∼10 ns, and an effective radiation energy of ∼6
keV. 相似文献
148.
V. L. Bychkov L. P. Grachev I. I. Esakov A. A. Ravaev K. V. Khodataev 《Technical Physics》2004,49(7):833-838
A longitudinal dc electric discharge in a submerged high-pressure supersonic air jet is described. Photographs of the discharge
are provided. The experimental voltage across the discharge gap and the discharge current are given for two resistances of
the resistor that limits the discharge current over a certain range of the discharge channel length along the air flow. The
current-voltage discharge characteristic is provided at a constant discharge length. The main discharge characteristics are
obtained from a comparison of the experimental and theoretical results calculated on the basis of the simplest model. 相似文献
149.
The structure, composition, and mechanical properties of iron-alloyed TiC-TiNi composite materials are studied. When the titanium
carbide framework is sintered with iron and then impregnated with titanium nickelide, iron atoms are found to diffuse into
the matrix and form the B2 structure that is inhomogeneous (gradient) in chemical composition and properties and exhibits various temperatures of martensitic
transformation. The latter fact shows up in the broadening of the martensitic transformation hysteresis and its shift toward
low temperatures with increasing iron content. At room temperature, the strength properties of gradient-matrix TiC-TiNi composites
are shown to increase with iron concentration. 相似文献
150.
P. V. Gorskii 《Russian Physics Journal》2004,47(2):179-182
It is shown that the Kapitza effect in charge-ordered layered crystals can be explained for the case of a parallelism of magnetic field and measuring current when the Landau quantization and its effect on the charge-carrier scattering are considered. There is a linear correlation between the magnetic field and longitudinal resistance under the assumption that the scattering of charge carriers by acoustic phonons is dominant, and the band-to-band transitions are suppressed. The relations for the Kapitza coefficient are derived for different degrees of electron gas degeneracy and different values of interaction resulting in layered charge ordering. 相似文献