Ibrational spectra of maleimide, N-deuterated maleimide and maleic anhydride in low-temperature matrices

Infrared and Raman spectra are reported for maleimide, N-deuterated maleimide and maleic anhydride in argon and nitrogen matrices and in the solid phase at 20 K. The data enabled a revised vibrational assignment to be made for the monomers of maleimide and N-deuterated maleimide, while the assignment for the dimers was mainly in agreement with previous work. The interaction of maleimide with nitrogen, water and hydrogen chloride was also investigated. Water and hydrogen chloride form hydrogen-bonded complexes with a carbonyl group of the maleimide, whereas nitrogen interacts with the NH group.     

Pseudo-domino palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation/Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction: a key sequence toward (±)-podophyllotoxin

A formal synthesis of podophyllotoxin was carried out in nine steps. The key pseudo-domino step was accomplished through the succession of an intermolecular palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation and an intramolecular Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction.     

Preparation of allyl sulfoxides by palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of sulfenate anions

Palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of sulfenate anions, generated from beta-sulfinylesters by retro-Michael reaction, can take place under biphasic conditions. This new reaction provides a simple, mild, and efficient route to allyl sulfoxides in good yields.     

Aryl sulfoxides via palladium-catalyzed arylation of sulfenate anions

[Structure: see text] Palladium-catalyzed arylation of sulfenate anions generated from beta-sulfinyl esters can take place under biphasic conditions. This hitherto unknown reaction provides a simple, mild, and efficient route to aryl sulfoxides in good yields. The development of a new pseudo-domino type I procedure involving a sulfinylation followed by a Mirozoki-Heck coupling is also described.     

Compatibility of temporal multiplexed spatial light modulator with optical image processing

The tendency today is to replace high-dynamic light modulators by high-speed binary ones (of which the micromirror is the best example). This kind of spatial light modulators (SLM) fulfils all the present needs in displays. They are used in optical communications as binary systems and also in display applications (video projectors) with temporal multiplexing, in order to generate greyscale or colour images. In optical processing, and in the majority of coherent applications, temporal dithering introduces some distortions. In this paper, this point is studied with simulations. We point out that temporal multiplexing cannot be used in the Fourier plane. In the imaging plane, the distortion is weak if the filter has a positive impulse response.