Supramolecular Assemblies of Three New Metronidazole Derivatives Constructed with Various Dihydroxy-benzoic Acids via Hydrogen Bonds

Metronidazole(MTZ) is an important antibiotic, which has been widely applied to cure protozoal and bacterial diseases for human beings or animals. Herein, three novel drug supramolecular crystals constructed by MTZ with 2,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(2,5-DHBA)(1), 2,6-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(2,6-DHBA)(2) and 3,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(3,5-DHBA)(3), respectively, have been discovered. The hydrogen bonds of N-H···O(O-H···N), C-H···O and O-H···O play important roles in the 3D supramolecular framework formation for crystals 1-3. Interestingly, due to the vary locations of the substituent groups, the two-dimensional layers in crystals 1 or 2 are constructed via intermolecular hydrogen bonds between MTZ and 2,5-DHBA or 2,6-DHBA, while in crystal 3 water molecules play a significant role except the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between MTZ and 3,5-DHBA. In addition, five synthons of I R₂²(8), II R₃³(9) in crystal 1, III R₁²(4), IV R₂²(8) in crystal 2 and V R₂²(7) in crystal 3 formed through various hydrogen bonds are founded in this work. Systematic studies of syntheses, crystal structures and thermal analysis are reported.     

Recent Advances in Atomic-scale Storage Mechanism Studies of Two-dimensional Nanomaterials for Rechargeable Batteries Beyond Li-ion

Developing new types of rechargeable batteries with high energy densities and low cost have received increasing attentions, aiming to reduce the dependence on high-priced lithium. Beyond Li-ion batteries, the potential alternatives including Na-ion batteries, Li-S batteries and Li-air batteries have been investigated recently, which are required to be viable for commercial applications. From this point of view, to understand the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and kinetics of these batteries has become the key challenge to make breakthroughs in the field of new energy storage. In this review, we present a critical overview of the two dimensional nanomaterials-based batteries (except Li-ion-based batteries) that could meet such demonds. To develop new energy storage devices with more promising performances, the microstructure evolution and atomic scale storage mechanism of these batteries are comprehensively summarized. In addition, the major challenges and opportunities of advanced characterization techniques are finally discussed. We do hope that this review will give the readers a clear and profound understanding of the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and kinetics of the as-discussed batteries, thus effectively contributing to the smart design of future-generation energy storage devices.     

Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones with Recyclable Pd Catalysts on Cross-linked 1,10-Phenanthroline Polymers

A 1,10-phenanthroline based polymer named PPPhen(i.e., polymer from pyrene 1,10-phenanthrolin) was prepared by the Friedel-Crafts reaction of 1,10-phenanthroline and pyrene cross-linked with dimethoxymethane. The related Pd catalyst Pd@PPPhen was prepared by supporting Pd nanoparticles(NPs) on the PPPhen material. PPPhen and Pd@PPPhen were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption-desorption, Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The results showed that PPPhen polymer was highly porous and that the phenanthroline group can enhance the stability of the Pd nanoparticles. Pd@PPPhen also exhibited good catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones, and Pd@PPPhen was recyclable with durable activity and retentive structures.     

改善Rh基催化剂上CO加氢生成C2含氧化物性能的本质及途径

 从CO加氢反应的热力学出发,分析了C2含氧化合物生成反应的途径和机理,阐述了改善Rh基催化剂上生成C2含氧化合物性能的本质以及实现的途径. 结果显示,相对于CO加氢生成烃类的反应,乙醇、乙醛和乙酸等C2含氧化合物的生成在热力学上是极为不利的; 最重要、最有效的提高C2含氧化合物生成活性的手段是开发具有高选择性的催化剂. 通过对浸渍方法和还原条件的选择,适当地抑制了Rh-Mn-Li-Fe/SiO2催化剂加氢活性,最终改善了催化剂的加氢性能,使得甲烷选择性降至6.3%, 而生成C2含氧化合物的选择性达到91.6%, 且保持有较高的时空收率.     

柱状薄层离子色谱电自生式抑制器

设计一种新型的柱状薄层离子色谱电自生式抑制器.采用多孔电极实现电极-电解液室一体化,消除了电极-电解液室的电压降;柱状薄层的抑制室结构规范了装配工艺并简化了结构,提高其抑制器的性能.     

磁场下有原子自旋轨道耦合的各向异性量子点的精确解析传播子

量子力学中很少有系统能够精确地计算传播子, 特别是在考虑了自旋轨道耦合效应的情况下. 利用相空间的群论方法, 首先导出了有原子自旋轨道耦合的各向异性量子点传播子的精确解析表达式. 随后利用传播子来计算自旋高斯波包的演化与相应的概率密度, 并研究了原子自旋轨道耦合效应和磁场强度对距离期望值的影响.     

蓝色长余辉光致荧光粉的研究

高温固相反应合成了蓝色长余辉光致荧光材料CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 ,La3 ,激发后在暗室中观察,余辉的颜色为蓝色。进行了添加辅助激活剂的实验,首次在CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 中添加La3 。测定了该长余辉材料的激发光谱、发射光谱、余辉亮度和可视余辉时间,并对长余辉发光机理进行了探讨。余辉发射光谱的峰值波长为440nm,可视余辉时间达到18h以上。波长为280~380nm的光都可将该材料激发。实验结果表明,添加辅助激活剂La3 ,延长了CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 的可视余辉时间。在CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 ,La3 中,Eu2 是发光离子,Nd3 和La3 是辅助激活剂,发射光谱由Eu2 的激发态4f65d到基态4f7的电子跃迁产生。     

化学聚合法制备电容器用聚苯胺

采用化学聚合法制备电容器用聚苯胺,研究了不同的掺杂剂对聚苯胺(Pan)电导率的影响,并利用TGA、FT-IR等分析手段对聚苯胺的热老化性质进行研究,研究了乳液法产物的二次掺杂现象,并把萃取液涂布于铝箔表面制成固体电容器,结果表明这种聚苯胺应用于固体电容器是可行的。     

化学知识类型与学习方式选择的探讨

基础教育新一轮课程改革是教育领域里的一场深刻革命,它呼唤着学生学习方式的根本转变。根据现代认知心理学的研究成果与化学学科内容的特点,我们将化学知识分为系统-演绎化学知识与经验-缄默化学知识2大类,每一类又可划分为不同的类型,化学知识的类型影响着化学学习方式的选择。     

2'-(1-萘亚甲基)-2-羟基苯甲酰腙的合成、晶体结构及抑菌活性

某些席夫碱化合物具有抗肿瘤、抗菌等生物活性,在生化反应中起到转氨基作用,碳氨双键是该类化合物具有抗菌活性的效应基团。而含-CONHN=CH-基团的酰腙类化合物具有特殊的生物活性和强配位能力,在农药、医药和分析试剂等方面一直是人们广泛研究的对象,某些该类化合物在治疗一些疾病和抑菌方面已有广泛的应用。为了进一步探索高效抗菌药物,本研究组在从事席夫碱及腙类化合物的合成、生物活性的测定等工作中合成了标题化合物;并测定了标题化合物对枯草芽孢杆菌、肺炎克氏菌、铜绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性。