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Lanthanum modified lead titanate (PLT) thin films are one of the potential candidates for the pyroelectric and memory applications due to their excellent dielectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties. PLT thin films with 25 at.% of La were deposited on platinum coated Si substrates by the laser ablation technique. The phase transition studies were done in the temperature range of −40 to 150 °C as a function of frequency and ac field. A diffused phase transition with the shifting of the maximum dielectric permittivity (?max) to higher temperatures with the increase of frequency and dielectric dispersion with frequency at the lower temperatures were observed. The variation of the temperature corresponding to maximum dielectric constant Tm, with frequency follows the Vogel-Fulcher relation, which is the characteristic of the relaxor-like behavior of the material. With the increase of ac drive, the Tmax was shifted to lower value. 相似文献
996.
曾六川 《高校应用数学学报(英文版)》2003,18(3):283-286
Let(X,‖·‖ ) be a Banach space.Let K be a nonempty closed,convex subset of Xand T∶K→K.Assume that T is Lipschitzian,i.e.there exists L>0 such that‖ T(x) -T(y)‖≤ L‖ x -y‖for all x,y∈K.Withoutloss of generality,assume that L≥ 1 .Assume also that T is strictly pseudocontractive.According to[1 ] this may be statedas:there exists k∈ (0 ,1 ) such that‖ x -y‖≤‖ x -y + r[(I -T -k I) x -(I -T -k I) y]‖for all r>0 and all x,y∈ K.Throughout,let N denote the set of positive in… 相似文献
997.
998.
The periodic precipitation pattern formation in gelatinous media is interpreted as a moving boundary problem. The time law,
spacing law and width law are revisited on the basis of the new scenario. The explicit dependence of the geometric structure
on the initial concentrations of the reactants is derived. Matalon—Packter law, which relates the spacing coefficient with
the initial concentrations is reformulated removing many ambiguities and impractical parameters. Experimental results are
discussed to establish the significance of moving boundary concept in the diffusion controlled pattern forming systems 相似文献
999.
Martin Vohralík 《Comptes Rendus Mathematique》2004,339(7):525-528
We consider the lowest-order Raviart–Thomas mixed finite element method for elliptic problems on simplicial meshes in two or three space dimensions. This method produces saddle-point type problems for scalar and flux unknowns. We show how to easily eliminate the flux unknowns, which implies an equivalence between this method and a particular multi-point finite volume scheme, without any approximate numerical integration. We describe the stencil of the final matrix and give sufficient conditions for its symmetry and positive definiteness. We present a numerical example illustrating the performance of the proposed method. To cite this article: M. Vohralík, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 339 (2004). 相似文献
1000.
The vibronic spectra of charge transfer excitons (CTE) in a molecular one-component or alternatingly ordered two-component chain are treated in the framework of a dynamic approach (neglecting thermal excitations of the intramolecular vibrations). The model introduces two mechanisms of coupling between CTEs and vibrational quanta: (1) shift of the equilibrium positions of the nuclei in the ionized donor or acceptor; (2) change of the vibrational frequency in the ionized molecule. This model allows to generalize the simple CTE Hamiltonian and the vibronic Hamiltonian of Frenkel excitons. The linear optical susceptibility is calculated in the vibronic region (one CTE and one vibrational quantum). The double splitting of vibronics of CTEs was analyzed: (1) the splitting connected with the location of the intramolecular vibration on the donors or on the acceptors; (2) the splitting connected with the symmetry of the vibronic spectra (in the degenerate case). The general structure of the vibronic spectra of CTEs is established. It contains structureless absorption lines, which correspond to two-particle bands (the phonon is excited on a neutral molecule neighboring the donor or the acceptor) and Lorentz-type lines of one-particle states, which correspond to the bound propagation of the CTE and the phonon. 相似文献