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81.
Barbara M. Liszka Aufried T. M. Lenferink Geert‐Jan Witkamp Cees Otto 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2015,46(12):1230-1234
The sensitivity of far‐field Raman micro‐spectroscopy was investigated to determine quantitatively the actual thickness of organic thin films. It is shown that the thickness of organic films can be quantitatively determined down to 3 nm with an error margin of 20% and down to 1.5 nm with an error margin of 100%. Raman imaging of thin‐film surfaces with a far‐field optical microscope establishes the distribution of a polymer with a lateral resolution of ~400 nm and the homogeneity of the film. Raman images are presented for spin‐coated thin films of polysulfone (PSU) with average thicknesses between 3 and 50 nm. In films with an average thickness of 43 nm, the variation in thickness was around 5% for PSU. In films with an average thickness of 3 nm for PSU, the detected thickness variation was 100%. Raman imaging was performed in minutes for a surface area of 900 µm2. The results illustrate the ability of far‐field Raman microscopy as a sensitive method to quantitatively determine the thickness of thin films down to the nanometer range. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
82.
Wu Qiyang Huang Tianyang Xia Songyan Otto Frank Lee Tzong-Yi Huang Hsien-Da Chiang Ying-Chih 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》2022,36(7):537-547
Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design - When employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for computer-aided drug design, the quality of the used force fields is highly important. Here we... 相似文献
83.
Manuel Jesús Chan-Bacab María Manuela Reyes-Estebanez Juan Carlos Camacho-Chab Benjamín Otto Ortega-Morales 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(5)
Trypanosomatids are the causative agents of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis, which affect about 20 million people in the world’s poorest countries, leading to 95,000 deaths per year. They are often associated with malnutrition, weak immune systems, low quality housing, and population migration. They are generally recognized as neglected tropical diseases. New drugs against these parasitic protozoa are urgently needed to counteract drug resistance, toxicity, and the high cost of commercially available drugs. Microbial bioprospecting for new molecules may play a crucial role in developing a new generation of antiparasitic drugs. This article reviews the current state of the available literature on chemically defined metabolites of microbial origin that have demonstrated antitrypanosomatid activity. In this review, bacterial and fungal metabolites are presented; they originate from a range of microorganisms, including cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, and filamentous fungi. We hope to provide a useful overview for future research to identify hits that may become the lead compounds needed to accelerate the discovery of new drugs against trypanosomatids. 相似文献
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Matthias Krumb Dr. Maximilian Jäger Alice Voss Loreen Immig Dr. Karin Peters Danuta Kowalczyk Prof. Dr. Albrecht Bufe Prof. Dr. Till Opatz Prof. Dr. Otto Holst Prof. Dr. Christian Vogel Dr. Marcus Peters 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(3):928-933
Arabinogalactan, a microheterogeneous polysaccharide occurring in plants, is known for its allergy-protective activity, which could potentially be used for preventive allergy treatment. New treatment options are highly desirable, especially in a preventive manner, due to the constant rise of atopic diseases worldwide. The structural origin of the allergy-protective activity of arabinogalactan is, however, still unclear and isolation of the polysaccharide is not feasible for pharmaceutical applications due to a variation of the activity of the natural product and contaminations with endotoxins. Therefore, a pentasaccharide partial structure was selected for total synthesis and subsequently coupled to a carrier protein to form a neoglycoconjugate. The allergy-protective activity of arabinogalactan could be reproduced with the partial structure in subsequent in vivo experiments. This is the first example of a successful simplification of arabinogalactan with a single partial structure while retaining its allergy-preventive potential. 相似文献
85.
Pyranoside‐into‐Furanoside Rearrangement: New Reaction in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Its Application in Oligosaccharide Synthesis 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Vadim B. Krylov Dmitry A. Argunov Dmitry Z. Vinnitskiy Stella A. Verkhnyatskaya Dr. Alexey G. Gerbst Dr. Nadezhda E. Ustyuzhanina Dr. Andrey S. Dmitrenok Prof. Dr. Johannes Huebner Prof. Dr. Otto Holst Prof. Dr. Hans‐Christian Siebert Prof. Dr. Nikolay E. Nifantiev 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(50):16516-16522
Great interest in natural furanoside‐containing compounds has challenged the development of preparative methods for their synthesis. Herein a novel reaction in carbohydrate chemistry, namely a pyranoside‐into‐furanoside (PIF) rearrangement permitting the transformation of selectively O‐substituted pyranosides into the corresponding furanosides is reported. The discovered process includes acid‐promoted sulfation accompanied by rearrangement of the pyranoside ring into a furanoside ring followed by solvolytic O‐desulfation. This process, which has no analogy in organic chemistry, was shown to be a very useful tool for the synthesis of furanoside‐containing complex oligosaccharides, which was demonstrated by synthesizing disaccharide derivatives α‐D ‐Galp‐(1→3)‐β‐D ‐ Galf ‐OPr, 3‐O‐s ‐lactyl‐β‐D ‐ Galf ‐(1→3)‐β‐D ‐Glcp‐OPr, and α‐L ‐ Fucf ‐(1→4)‐β‐D ‐GlcpA‐OPr related to polysaccharides from the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis and the brown seaweed Chordaria flagelliformis. 相似文献
86.
Nicola Otto Prof. Dr. Till Opatz 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(41):13064-13077
Owing to their various modes of reactivity, α‐aminonitriles represent versatile building blocks for the construction of a wide range of nitrogen heterocycles. The present Concept article focuses on synthetic methodologies using their bifunctional nature which is the basis of their reactivity as α‐amino carbanions and as iminium ions. Reactions exclusively taking place on either the amine or on the nitrile moiety will not be considered. 相似文献
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