Canonical linear transformation on fock space with an indefinite metric

We first construct a Fock space with an indefinite metric ,=( , ), where is a unitary and Hermitian operator. We define a -selfadjoint (Segal's) field (f) which obeys the canonical commutation relations (CCR) with an indefinite metric. We consider a transformation 349-2 (T = real linear) which leaves the CCR invariant. We investigate the implementability of T by an operator on the Fock space.     

Characterization of the mod 3 cohomology of

It is shown that the mod 3 cohomology of a homotopy associative mod 3 -space which is rationally equivalent to the Lie group and which has integral 3-torsion is isomorphic to that of as a Hopf algebra over the mod 3 Steenrod algebra.

     

Fabrication and characteristics of all YBCO sandwich-type junctions using highly crystalline DC sputtered superconducting a-axis oriented Y1Ba2Cu3O7-x films

We report on the fabrication and characteristics of sandwich-type tunnel junctions with highly crystalline sputtered a-axis oriented thin film of Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O_7-x (YBC) as the base and the counter electrode. The junctions have been fabricated on SrTiO₃ (100) and MgO (100) substrates. A non-superconducting phase of YBC corresponding to a lattice constant of 4.08 Å is used as the barrier layer making this an all YBC sandwich junction. For all temperatures below T_ce (R=0) of the device, a zero voltage current was observed. The critical current density (J_c) of the device was found to be dependent on the thickness of the barrier layer and the crystallinity of the a-axis oriented YBC electrodes. At 40 K, such a junction fabricated on a SrTiO₃ (100) substrate was found to have a J_c of 1.8 X 10⁴ A/cm² and an I_cR_n product of 0.2 mV.     

Systematics of Mössbauer parameters in Fe57-doped titanate and germanate ilmenites

The Mössbauer spectra of ilmenite (FeTiO₃), Fe²⁺-doped ilmenites, MTiO₃ (M = Cd, Mn, Zn, Co, Mg and Ni) and MGeO₃ (M = Mn, Zn and Mg), have been studied from 4.2 K to room temperature. Systematic variations in the isomer shift and quadrupole splitting at room temperature are correlated with the change in ionic radii of the host M ions and the c/a ratio of the host crystal, respectively. The quadrupole splittings show a remarkable temperature variation; the magnetic ilmenites show either a sudden increase or a sudden decrease of quadrupole splittings below the Néel temperature, depending on the orientation of the spin axis with respect to the c axis.     

Size distribution of fractured areas in one-dimensional systems

We study a one-dimensional model for fracture, identifying fractured areas with intervals on which a stress field exceeds a threshold value. When is a diffusion process, the cumulative numberN(l) of fractured areas whose length is greater thanl obeys a power lawCl ^–p asl0 with probability one. The exponentp and the constantC are determined. The exponentp agrees with the Hausdorff dimension of the end points of fractured areas, i.e., ^–1(). Even if is self-similar with parameterH>0, i.e.,(cx)– is equivalent toc ^H {(x)–} for anyc>0, the exponentp does not depend solely onH;p=H, where(0, 1/H) is another parameter characterizing. Non-diffusion processes are given whereN(l) does not follow a power law.     

Synthesis of anatase-type TiO2 films by reactive laser ablation of a metallic Ti target in ambient O2 gas

TiO₂ films having anatase-type crystal structures were synthesized by reactive laser ablation of a metallic Ti target in ambient O₂ gas. The anatase-type TiO₂ was obtained at O₂ pressures below 0.2 Torr and at substrate temperatures above 150 °C. The films had the (101) orientation at substrate temperatures of 200–250 °C while, at substrate temperatures of 400–450 °C, the orientation of the films was (004). Rutile-type crystal was mixed in at substrate temperatures higher than 450 °C. The synthesis characteristics were compared with the fluxes of Ti, Ti⁺, and TiO toward the substrate, which were evaluated by laser-induced fluorescence imaging spectroscopy. PACS 81.15.Fg; 61.10.-i; 52.70.Kz     

Dependence of thermal conductivity on electrical resistivity in Bismuth-Tellurides

The p-type (Bi_0.25Sb_0.75)₂Te₃ doped with 3-12 wt% excess Te alone and n-type Bi₂(Te_0.94Se_0.06)₃ codoped with 0.017-0.026 wt% Te and 0.068-0.102 wt% I were prepared by the Bridgman method, to produce intentionally polycrystalline. Some of the as-grown specimens were annealed, in order to prepare specimens with much different ρ. These polycrystalline specimens have almost the same degree of alignment of the c plane parallel to the freezing direction. The electrical rersistivity ρ and thermal conductivity κ were measured at 298 K along the freezing direction and κ was plotted as a function of ρ. As a result, the lattice components κ_ph obtained by subtracting the electronic component κ_el from the observed κ were found to decrease almost linearly with a decrease of ρ in both p- and n-type specimens, where κ_el was calculated using Wiedemann-Franz law. This tendency is consistent with the conventional result that κ_ph becomes negligible small in metals. The significant decrease in κ_ph with decrease in ρ is considered to be caused predominantly by the phonon scattering due to dopants. The relationship between κ_ph and ρ was first clarified in the intermediate region between the metal and insulator.