Sorption of radionuclides on inorganic sorbents

Inorganic sorbents are often used in separation of metals and radionuclides in radioanalytical application and they were also used in technological scale for separation of radionuclides in cleanup of Three Mile Island NPP. Inorganic sorbents become popular in the last years because no problem with organic contamination, there are stable against radiation, sorption efficiency can be tailor made for selective separation of chosen metal. Contrary to the organic sorbents they have usually lower capacity and chemical stability is limited to narrower pH. Nevertheless of some problems, many good properties of inorganic sorbents make them very attractive for sorption study.     

Correlation between Lipophilicity of the Ligands and the Hepatobiliary Properties of the Radiopharmaceuticals: Approach to the Development of New IDA Derivatives

The partition coefficient (log P) for n-octanol/water system was calculated applying PACO program for various theoretically possible mono and dihalogenated IDA derivatives. Some of the synthesized ligands (SOLCOIODIDA, IODIDA and DIIODIDA) were labeled with the technetium-99m. The biodistribution and influence of bilirubin on their biokinetics were investigated in rats. The correlation between partition coefficients of ligands increase (log P) and better hepatobiliary properties of ^99mTc-IDA derivatives was determined. The values of log P increase from 1.16 for SOLCOIODIDA, 3.11 for IODIDA to 3.47 for DIIODIDA. In correlation with these results, biliary excretion decreased for 59% for ^99mTc-SOLCOIODIDA and 11% for ^99mTc-IODIDA and ^99mTc-DIIODIDA under hyperbilirubinemia (3.5 min after injection) and 45%, 11% and 0.38% respectively (15 min after injection). The highest biliary excretion had ^99mTc-DIIODIDA (55.4% for 3.5 min). Considering the correlation between hepatobiliary properties and log P, the evaluation of biological properties for various trifluoromethyl mono and dihalogenated IDA derivatives was performed on the basis of the calculated log P in order to synthetize a new radiopharmaceutical for hepatobiliary scintigraphy.     

Liquid chromatography of benzene derivatives on a porous methacrylate copolymer containing epoxy groups

Summary The retention of benzene derivatives with nonpolar and polar substituents on a porous methacrylate copolymer containing epoxy groups using both nonpolar and polar eluents was investigated. When n-hexane is used as the eluent, the retention of n-alkylbenzenes and polymethylbenzenes is weaker than that of benzene. In the case of benzene derivatives containing polar functional groups their capacity ratios (k) on this porous polymer increases approximately linearly with the increase of the adsorbate molecules dipole moment. The retention characteristics of the methacrylate copolymer were compared with that of a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer and silica gels with a hydroxylated surface and with a surface modified by chemically bonded alkylsilyl groups.     

Determination of lead in the urine of exposed and unexposed adults by extraction and flow-injection/atomic absorption spectrometry

Lead is extracted from urine with ammonium pyrrolidien dithiocrbamate into methyl isobutyl ketone, and 20 μl of the extract is injected into a water carrier stream in a flow-injection/atomic absorption system. The procedure is simple, quick, accurate and reproducible. Recoveries are 96–105%. The mean urine lead contents of 20 unexposed and 20 printing-press lead exposed workers was found to be 39.0 ± 8.3 and 71.7 ± 26.3 μg Pb l^?1, respectively.     

Influence of the pyridine methyl substituent position on the chemical changes of the NCS groups in the thermal decomposition of coordination compounds of the type Cu(NCS)2L2

The influence of the position of the CH₃ group in picoline and lutidine ligands on the degree of chemical change of the NCS groups in coordination compounds of the type Cu(NCS)₂L₂ (whereL=2-, 3- and 4-picoline, and 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- and 3,5-lutidine) is dealt with. The most marked effect of the CH₃ group is found to be exerted in position 4. This effect of the methyl group on the degree of chemical change points to the mutual influence of the ligands in coordination compounds of Cu(II).

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Zusammenfassung Der Artikel befaßt sich mit dem Einfluß der Lage der CH₃ Gruppe in Pikolinen und Lutidinen als Liganden auf den Grad der chemischen Änderungen der Gruppen NSC in Koordinationsverbindungen des Typs Cu(NCS)₂L₂ (L=2-, 3- und 4-Pikoline, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- und 3,5-Lutidine). Der ausgeprägteste Effekt der CH₃ Gruppe wurde in der Position 4 beobachtet. Dieser Einfluß der Methylgruppe auf das Ausmaß der chemischen Änderungen deutet auch auf die gegenseitige Wirkung der Liganden in Koordinationsverbindungen von Cu(II).

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Résumé L'article a trait à l'influence de la position du groupe CH₂ dans les picolines et lutidines, en tant que ligands, sur le degré des changements chimiques des groupes SCN dans les composés de coordination du type Cu(SCN)₂L₂ (L=2-, 3 et 4-picoline, 2,3-, 2,4-,2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- et 3,6-lutidine). L'effet le plus prononcé du groupe CH₃ s'observe en position 4. Cette influence du groupe méthyle sur le degré des changements chimiques indique aussi l'influence mutuelle des ligands dans les composés de coordination du Cu(II).

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- , , NCS Cu(NCS)₂,L₂, L=2-, 3- 4- , 2.3-, 2.4-, 2.5-, 2.6-, 3.4- 3.5-. , 4. Cu(II).

     

Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticulate MnS within the pores of mesoporous silica

Mesoporous silica was loaded with nanoparticulate MnS via a simple post-synthesis treatment. The mesoporous material that still contained surfactant was passivated to prevent MnS formation at the surface. The surfactant was extracted and a novel manganese ethylxanthate was used to impregnate the pore network. This precursor thermally decomposes to yield MnS particles that are smaller or equal to the pore size. The particles exhibit all three common polymorphs. The passivation treatment is most effective at lower loadings because at the highest loadings (SiO₂:MnS molar ratio of 6:1) large particles (>50 nm) form at the exterior of the mesoporous particles. The integrity of the mesoporous network is maintained through the preparation and high order is maintained. The MnS particles exhibit unexpected ferromagnetism at low temperatures. Strong luminescence of these samples is observed and this suggests that they may have a range of important application areas.     

Structural basis for discriminative regulation of gene expression by adenine- and guanine-sensing mRNAs

Metabolite-sensing mRNAs, or "riboswitches," specifically interact with small ligands and direct expression of the genes involved in their metabolism. Riboswitches contain sensing "aptamer" modules, capable of ligand-induced structural changes, and downstream regions, harboring expression-controlling elements. We report the crystal structures of the add A-riboswitch and xpt G-riboswitch aptamer modules that distinguish between bound adenine and guanine with exquisite specificity and modulate expression of two different sets of genes. The riboswitches form tuning fork-like architectures, in which the prongs are held in parallel through hairpin loop interactions, and the internal bubble zippers up to form the purine binding pocket. The bound purines are held by hydrogen bonding interactions involving conserved nucleotides along their entire periphery. Recognition specificity is associated with Watson-Crick pairing of the encapsulated adenine and guanine ligands with uridine and cytosine, respectively.     

Study of the Retention Behavior of Newly Synthesized s-Triazine Derivatives in RP TLC Systems,and the Lipophilicity of the Compounds

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - The chromatographic behavior of nine newly synthesized s-tri-azines has been studied by thin-layer chromatography on C18/UV254...     

Effect of carbon black on the thermal properties and flammability of cis-1,4-polyisoprene vulcanizates

The effect of carbon black with various particle sizes and specific surfaces on the thermal properties of the sulphur vulcanizates ofcis-1,4-polyisoprene was studied by means of thermal analysis. It was found that the addition of carbon black does not change the nature of the thermal processes in isoprene rubber vulcanizates essentially, but it distincly affects the positions of the peaks recorded in the DTA curves. The specific surface of carbon black affects the temperature of the first exothermic process and the temperature and rate of destruction of cross-linked polyisoprene. The presence of carbon black brings about a reduction in the flammability ofcis-1,4-polyisoprene vulcanizates. The specific surface of carbon black influences the value of the oxygen index OI.

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Zusammenfassung Mittels Thermoanalyse wurde der Einfluß von Ruß mit unterschiedlicher Partikelgröße und unterschiedlicher spezifischer Oberfläche auf die thermischen Eigenschaften von Schwefelvulkanisaten von cis-1,4-Polyisopren untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Zugabe von Ruß die thermischen Vorgänge in Isoprengummivulkanisaten nicht wesentlich verändert, daß jedoch die Lage der in den DTA-Kurven aufgezeichneten Peaks eindeutig beeinflußt wird. Die spezifische Oberfläche von Ruß beeinflußt die Temperatur des ersten exothermen Vorganges sowie Temperatur und Geschwindigkeit von Abbau des vernetzten Polyisoprenes. Die Gegenwart von Ruß führt eine Verminderung der Entflammbarkeit voncis-1,4-Polyisopren-Vulkanisaten herbei. Die spezifische Oberfläche von Ruß beeinflußt den Wert der Sauerstoffzahl.

     

Electrochemical detector with a 20 nl volume for micro-columns liquid chromatography

Summary A flow-through two electrode wall-jet cell with a platinum measuring electrode and a cell volume of 20 nl has been designed and evaluated. It has been used to detect phenols by reversed phase liquid chromatography using short micro bore columns. The linear dynamic range between the measured current and the concentration is greater than 10³ (1.5×10^–7–5×10^–4 mol/l) and the minimum analyzable amount was found to be 10 pg for pyrocatechol. A negligible broadening in the detector permits the use of micro columns down to 0.5 mm internal diameter, packed with 5 m particles, without any substantial distortion of eluted zones.Presented at the 14th International Symposium on Chromatography London, September, 1982