麻黄生物碱中一对光学异构体在薄层色谱原位的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

应用表面增强技术(SERS)将薄层色谱(TLC)与傅里叶变换拉曼光谱(FT-Raman)联用,在薄层色谱分离斑点原位,获得中草药麻黄中麻黄生物碱衍生物中一对关于手性碳的光学异构体：去甲基麻黄碱,去甲基伪麻黄碱指纹光谱的新方法。研究表明,在薄层色谱原位仅16 μg的样品,就可获得以上分子的主要特征谱带;并且光学异构体的光谱特征明显不同,在银溶胶微粒表面增强作用下去甲基麻黄碱、去甲基伪麻黄碱分子中与苯环相关的波数为1 004,1 605 cm-1振动获最大增强。从而阐明了应用TLC-SERS联用技术,可有效地对中草药主要化学成分中光学异构体进行高灵敏度分离与指纹鉴定。     

The preparation of nanophase tungsten carbide powder with zeolite-X catalysts

The reduction–carburization of tungsten trioxide (WO₃) under carbon monoxide flow was studied in the temperature range of 300–750 °C. The reduction–carburization of WO₃ was improved by mechanically mixing with zeolite-HX, -NaX and -KX. The interaction between cation in zeolite-X and oxygen in WO₃ affected the improvement of the reduction–carburization of WO₃ to WC. Moreover, the improved reduction–carburization of WO₃ could lead to the decrease of reaction temperature. Because the particle size of WC is in contact with a reaction temperature, the nanophase WC can be prepared at low temperature. In particular, the particle size of WC was controlled by reaction temperature. The particle sizes of produced WC at 550, 650 and 700 °C were 25, 50 and 100 nm respectively.     

PS_(3000)-b-PAA_(5000)球形胶束温度效应的原位小角X射线散射技术研究

应用小角X射线散射技术(SAXS)对两亲嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯聚丙烯酸(PS-b-PAA)胶束形貌的温度影响进行了原位表征.SAXS结果表明:随着水含量的增加,粒子尺寸相应增加;对于水含量10%的PS_(3000)-b-PAA_(5000)胶束溶液,发现了明显的SAXS双峰现象;双峰的位置不随着温度的变化而改变,但是peak 1和peak 2的相对强度随着温度发生了减弱和增强的交错变化;相邻的SAXS双峰说明在PS_(3000)-b-PAA_(5000)胶束溶液中最初形成的粒子尺寸并不是均匀的,主要分为尺寸极其相近的两种球形粒子;随着温度的升高,粒径大小不同的两种粒子存在着一种消融和生长的过程,并且保持着一个相同的归一化动态平衡速率.     

定常吸气改善叶型气动性能的数值研究

提高叶型升力,扩大其稳定工作范围一直是叶轮机械领域关心的问题。本文针对采用定常吸气方法减缓低马赫数流动分离,改善叶型气动特性的问题,在NACA0015叶型上进行了多种工况的数值模拟。结果表明:在叶型头部吸力面分离点附近施加定常吸气,可以提高叶型升力,降低阻力,推迟失速2°左右。存在着最佳的定常吸气动量范围和吸气位置,使得其改善叶型性能的效果最大。文中还给出了定常吸气动量和施加位置等参数对叶型气动性能的一些影响规律。     

Misalignment tolerance analysis and fabrication for highly efficient parallel optical-electrical convertor module

A compact, highly efficient, and passively assembled parallel optical-electrical convertor module (POECM) for active optical cable application is proposed. This paper presents our POECM structure, optical design simulation results, fabrication process, and data transmission test results, in sequence. The POECM has a compact size of \(18.5\hbox {mm} \times 10\hbox {mm} \times 2.8\hbox {mm}\) . We confirm a data rate of total throughput at 21.6 Gbps ( \(5.4\hbox {Gbps} \times 4\) channels) with a bit error rate of less than \(10^{-12}\) .     

新时代背景下大学物理基础课程教学的讨论

本文讨论的是＂以怎样的理念实施大学物理基础课程教学,才能使学生的学习训练获得最大收益＂.文章首先回顾近30年来教学思想随时代发展的变化,然后提出新时代背景下大学物理基础课程教学＂以学生为中心,使广大学生在知识、能力、素质上获得全面提高＂的新理念.     

New device architecture of a thermoelectric energy conversion for recovering low-quality heat

Low-quality heat is generally discarded for economic reasons; a low-cost energy conversion device considering price per watt, $/W, is required to recover this waste heat. Thin-film based thermoelectric devices could be a superior alternative for this purpose, based on their low material consumption; however, power generated in conventional thermoelectric device architecture is negligible due to the small temperature drop across the thin film. To overcome this challenge, we propose new device architecture, and demonstrate approximately 60 Kelvin temperature differences using a thick polymer nanocomposite. The temperature differences were achieved by separating the thermal path from the electrical path; whereas in conventional device architecture, both electrical charges and thermal energy share same path. We also applied this device to harvest body heat and confirmed its usability as an energy conversion device for recovering low-quality heat.     

Label-free high-throughput and real-time detections of protein interactions by oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method

Selected Mouse IgG of 1 mg/mL as target was fabricated on microarray for 500 sample dots.Label-free and real-time reaction dynamic processes were detected between the microarrays with Goat Anti-mouse IgG of 0.02 mg/mL using the obliqueincidence reflectivity difference(OIRD)method.We obtained the reaction results and the reaction dynamic curves of 500 protein dots.In addition,we also used label-free detection of protein microarrays of 10080 sample dots,including BSA and different concentrations of Mouse IgG and Rabbit IgG,by OIRD.The obtained reaction results between the protein microarray with 1 mg/mL Goat Anti-mouse IgG and 1 mg/mL Goat Anti-rabbit IgG are reported herein.Experimental results show that OIRD can be not only label-free high-throughput detection method for biological microarrays but also label-free real-time detection in the interaction processes of biomolecules.     

The effect of surface crystalline layers on asymmetric off-diagonal magnetoimpedance in field-annealed CoFeSiB amorphous ribbons

The off-diagonal magnetoimpedance in field-annealed CoFeSiB amorphous ribbons was measured using a pick-up coil wound around the sample. One side of a ribbon was etched in hydrofluoric acid solution during various times in order to change the thickness of the surface crystalline layer appearing after annealing. The asymmetric two-peak field dependence of the off-diagonal impedance was observed for all samples. The evolution of the off-diagonal magnetoimpedance with the change in the ribbon thickness is analyzed.     

Inversion of guided-wave dispersion data with application to borehole acoustics

The problem of inferring unknown geometry and material parameters of a waveguide model from noisy samples of the associated modal dispersion curves is considered. In a significant reduction of the complexity of a common inversion methodology, the inner of two nested iterations is eliminated: The approach described does not employ explicit fitting of the data to computed dispersion curves. Instead, the unknown parameters are adjusted to minimize a cost function derived directly from the determinant of the boundary condition system matrix. This results in an efficient inversion scheme that, in the case of noise-free data, yields exact results. Multimode data can be simultaneously processed without extra complications. Furthermore, the inversion scheme can accommodate an arbitrary number of unknown parameters, provided that the data have sufficient sensitivity to these parameters. As an important application, we consider the sonic guidance condition for a fluid-filled borehole in an elastic, homogeneous, and isotropic rock formation for numerical forward and inverse dispersion analysis. We investigate numerically the parametric inversion with errors in the model parameters and the influence of bandwidth and noise, and examine the cases of multifrequency and multimode data, using simulated flexural and Stoneley dispersion data.